Term
Problems in Parks and School Grounds |
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Definition
1. Distance from street 2. Crim. remain out of direct view of patrol cars 3. Crim. blend in with crowds 4. Unlighted areas |
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Term
Crime PreventionElements to Security on commercial structures and business (What is bad) |
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Definition
1. one employee on shift 2. cannot see into store 3. find unlocked doors and windows 4. inadequate lighting |
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Term
Elements to residential security |
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Definition
1. most occur during daytime while at work 2. crim. look for unlocked doors, windows and garages 3. substandard door and window locks 4. Poor landscaping 5. crim. cruise neighborhoods looking for valuables/looking into windows |
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Term
Potential Problems with parking lots |
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Definition
1. high volume of mobile traffic 2. many escape routes 3. many hiding places 4. lighting problems 5. items stored outside 6. easy access to unsuspecting citizens |
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Term
Benefits of environmental design |
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Definition
1. Shrubbery and trees should not be close to doors 2. these should be trimmed low or up from bottom 3. decorative walls and landscaping should allow view of exterior from distance 4. Speed bumps 5. Strategic lighting for parking lots and businesses to include fencing |
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Term
Basic Techniques to checking security of vacant homes and property |
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Definition
1. routine and random checks throughout shift 2. walk around buildings 3. doors and windows physically checked 4. Officer Safety 5. Be prepared for a burglary in process |
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Term
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Definition
A disease that causes mild to severe disturbances in thought and/or behavior, resulting in an inability to cope with life's ordinary demands and routines. |
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Term
Origins and Causes of mental illness |
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Definition
1. Genetic 2. Chemical/Biological/Neurological 3. Traumatic brain injury 4. Environmental stresses 5. any combination of above |
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Term
symptoms exhibited by an individual with a mental illness |
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Definition
1. Psychosis a) hallucinations b) delusions 2. Paranoia 3. Depression 4. Mania 5. Anxiety a) Panic Disorder b) Phobias c) OCD d) PTSD e) Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) 6. Personality Disorders a) Antisocial Personality Disorder 7. Lack of Impulse Control 8. Disassociation |
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Term
Effective ways to handle situations with the mentally ill in crisis |
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Definition
1. Do not respond alone 2. Maintain a good reactionary gap 3. take time to assess the individual and environment 4. take time to establish rapport 5. maintain a non-threating environment |
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Term
Law enforcement approach and methods of establishing rapport of the mentally ill or developmentally disabled |
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Definition
1. Be calm 2. Introduce self and for their name 3. Give clear instructions 4. Be a good listener 5. Let them explain what is going on 6. Be empathetic to their feelings 7. acknowledge delusions and hallucinations/convince to focus on you 8. Be encouraging and supportive 9. Ask open ended questions 10. Clarify their answers in needed 11. Avoid confrontational communication |
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Term
Role of Law Enforcement in involuntary commitment |
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Definition
1. Determine if they are a threat to themselves or others 2. Collect and report specific info to help doctors and mental health staff with evaluation process 3. To release individuals who have unusual behavior but can care for themselves and are no threat to themselves or others |
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Term
Legal requirements of emergency detention of the mentally ill |
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Definition
Reasonable belief formed upon investigation that a person is a mentally ill person and because of person's mental illness is likely to cause harm to self or others 2. shall be examined in 17 hours if not done so at time of commitment 3. No person shall be detained by LEO in a nonmedical facility used for detention of persons charged with or convicted of a crime. |
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Term
Procedures to take custody of and transport the mentally ill |
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Definition
1. transport to hospital or mental facility 2. in a transport van or cruiser with plexiglass or metal shielding 3. unmarked vehicle 4. females transport females |
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Term
Law Enforcement issues with mentally ill and disabled in criminal justice system |
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Definition
1. Jail may not be the best place 2. Involuntary commitment 3. voluntary commitment 4. out-patient services |
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Term
Differences between mental illness and developmental disabilities |
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Definition
Mental illness have behavioral changes due to their illness. Meds help. condition better with meds.
Developmental disability has below normal intellectual functioning and/or impairments in some behavior. Meds do not help. Permanent condition. |
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Term
Diseases or conditions that are mistaken for mental illness or developmental disability |
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Definition
1. Low blood sugar/Diabetes 2. Epilepsy 3. High blood pressure 4. Stroke 5. Brain tumors 6. Head injuries 7. Severe infections 8. Meningitis 9. Pneumonia 10. Drug/alcohol impairment |
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Term
Risk Factors of suicidal person |
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Definition
1. Serious illness or death in family 2. Loss of health 3. Emotional/physical/sexual abuse or domestic violence 4. Divorce or separation 5. Psychiatric illness 6. History of suicidal behavior 7. Arrest or disciplinary crisis 8. Loss of employment or financial setback 9. Entry into or finishing therapy |
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Term
Warning signs of suicidal person |
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Definition
1. Talking about death or suicide 2. Ending significant relationships 3. Making final arrangements 4. Giving away possessions 5. Taking unnecessary risks 6. Having a suicide plan |
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Term
Procedures for initial contact with suicidal person |
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Definition
1. Call for backup 2. Do not handle the call alone 3. Always maintain your own safety 4. Maintain calm demeanor 5. Gain rapport 6. Be sympathetic and non-judgmental 7. Go slow 8. if no imminent danger, then listen 9. do not allow family or religious persons to talk with them |
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Term
Issues relating to "police assisted suicide" |
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Definition
1. Officer often second guesses his own actions 2. common to suffer PTSD 3. needs reminding that it was not his fault |
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Term
Law Enforcement issues with the physically disabled |
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Definition
1. Transporting (wheelchairs) 2. Visually impaired a) announce that your LEO b) state clearly all instructions c) visual instructions read aloud 3. Hearing impaired a) sign language or lip reading b) TTY/TTD/TT 4. Infectious disease (treat like anyone else needing medical attention) |
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Term
Law Enforcement concerns with Alzheimer's disease and Dementia |
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Definition
1. Wandering 2. False reports 3. Driving 4. Shoplifting 5. Indecent Exposure 6. Restraining |
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Term
Common types of elder abuse |
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Definition
1. Physical 2. Psychological/Emotional 3. Neglect 4. Financial 5. Abandonment 6. Self-neglect |
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Term
Procedures for an elder abuse investigation |
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Definition
1. Question elder alone 2. ask questions to determine level of function (do not stop the investigation if the elder is irrational or incompetent) 3. Look for multiple types of abuse 4. question other sources 5. Build an evidence based case a) photos b) documents and evidence c) 911 tape d) Evidence of addictions e) Geriatric specialist f) adult protective services |
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Term
Offenses that need reported with KSAR |
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Definition
submitted for all Group A and B offenses plus minors in Poss of Tobacco
Arrest data should be reported by the same agency that reported the offense |
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Term
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Definition
Arrest data should be reported by the same agency that reported the offense |
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Term
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Definition
Initial-new report being submitted first time
Modify-some data is being changed from intial report
Add- data is being added
Delete- used only when KSAR is submitted incorrectly and no arrest of any kind was made |
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Term
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Definition
1. Name of agency 2. Agency ORI number 3. Case Number 4. Date of Arrest |
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Term
Arrest Transaction number of KSAR |
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Definition
12 digit number created by livescan for tracking |
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Term
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Definition
On-view - offender is placed into custody without warrant or previous incident
Taken into Custody - based on a warrant or previous incident, suspect left scene and or time has passed since incident
Summoned/cited - not taken into custody |
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Term
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Definition
KSAR is required no matter how the juvenile is disposed |
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Term
Juvenile dispositions for KSAR |
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Definition
Handled in Department-released to parents
Referred to other authorities-turned over to court, probation, welfare agency, or other police agency |
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Term
Clearance indicator for KSAR |
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Definition
Count-arrestee date which person is being arrested on at this time
Multiple-recorded for all other cases being cleared on this arrest
Outside Agency- arrest is for another agency |
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Term
Offenses that need reported with KSAR |
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Definition
submitted for all Group A and B offenses plus minors in Poss of Tobacco
Arrest data should be reported by the same agency that reported the offense |
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Term
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Definition
Arrest data should be reported by the same agency that reported the offense |
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Term
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Definition
Initial-new report being submitted first time
Modify-some data is being changed from intial report
Add- data is being added
Delete- used only when KSAR is submitted incorrectly and no arrest of any kind was made |
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Term
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Definition
1. Name of agency 2. Agency ORI number 3. Case Number 4. Date of Arrest |
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Term
Arrest Transaction number of KSAR |
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Definition
12 digit number created by livescan for tracking |
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Term
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Definition
On-view - offender is placed into custody without warrant or previous incident
Taken into Custody - based on a warrant or previous incident, suspect left scene and or time has passed since incident
Summoned/cited - not taken into custody |
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Term
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Definition
KSAR is required no matter how the juvenile is disposed |
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Term
Juvenile dispositions for KSAR |
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Definition
Handled in Department-released to parents
Referred to other authorities-turned over to court, probation, welfare agency, or other police agency |
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Term
Clearance indicator for KSAR |
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Definition
Count-arrestee date which person is being arrested on at this time
Multiple-recorded for all other cases being cleared on this arrest
Outside Agency- arrest is for another agency |
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Term
Define Mandatory reporting of child abuse |
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Definition
1. medical care or treatment 2. provide mental health services 3. PERSONS LICENSED for child care 4. educational institutions 5. LEO's, firefighters, community service people
must report abuse to DCF |
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Term
Criminal offenses applicable to child abuse |
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Definition
21-5602 Abuse of a child 21-5506 Indecent Liberties with a child 21-5510 Sexual Exploitation of a child |
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Term
Elements of 21-5602
Abuse of a Child |
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Definition
1. Knowingly and 2. Torturing or cruelly beating 3. any child under 18 YOA or 1. shaking 2. any child under 18 3. results in great bodily harm or 1. inflicting cruel and inhuman corporal punishment upon child under 18 YOA |
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Term
Elements of 21-5506
Indecent Liberties with a Child |
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Definition
1. Child is 14 or 15 YOA and 2. lewd fondling or touching either by child or offender 3. with the intent 4. to arouse or satisfy sexual desires 5. of child or offender or both or 1. Solicitation of the same above |
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Term
Elements of 21-5506(b)
Aggravated Indecent Liberties with a Child |
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Definition
1. Sexual Intercourse 2. child 14 or 15 YOA or 1. child 14 or 15 YOA 2. does NOT consent 3. lewd fondling or touching either by child or offender 4. with the intent 5. to arouse or satisfy sexual desires 6. of child or offender or both or 1. Causing child to touch another person in lewd fondling, touching with intent to arouse the child, offender or other or 1. child under 14 YOA 2. All acts mentioned above (Any lewd fondling and Soliciting) |
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Term
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Definition
any number of actions, statements, mannerisms that are not expected/natural
Possible reasons:
- get attention
- drug use
- trauma/accident
- cultural differences
- mental state |
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Term
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Definition
affects ~54 million
usually are not dangerous except to selves
stigmas attached
is a disease that is usually treatable
at least 1/2 have substance abuse issues
Defined as a disease that causes mild/severe disturbances in thought/behavior resulting in an inability to cope w/ life's ordinary demands/routines |
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Term
Origins of Mental Illness |
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Definition
Genetic
Chemical/Biological/Neurological
Physical (trauma/accident)
Environmental Stresses
Combination |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Psychosis "Out of Touch with Reality" |
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Definition
perceives world differently
changes int he brain affect thinking, emotion, behavior
hallucinations/delusions
disorganized thinking; may be impossible to communicate w/
neglected appearance
excited/angry/emotionless
sit extremely still/cannot stop moving
drastic behavior changes from norm |
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Term
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Definition
a suspiciousness that is either highly exaggerated or not warranted
may be related to delusions
unable to trust
danger cannot be predicted
anyone can develop (even outside of mental illness, ie extremist groups)
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Term
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Definition
Affective
Anxiety
Psychotic
Personality
Other |
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Term
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Definition
most prevalent w/ 19 million
defined as clinical, major, unipolar, severe
affects behavior, thoughts, feelings
any age; women 2x as often
not just blues/bad mood
15% commit suicide
Symptoms:
- persistent sad/anxious/empty mood
- sleep more/less; loss of energy, fatigue
- change in appetite/weight
- worthless/guilt
- thoughts of death/suicide
- difficulty thinking/remembering/concetration |
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Term
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Definition
both depression and mania in cycles
2.3 million
men/women; more cycling in women
psychotic episodes in either cycle
most have relatives w/depression
20% commit suicide
Mania symptoms
- excessive energy; decreased need for sleep
- high/euphoric states
- unusual sex drive
- easily irritated/distracted
- unrealistic belief in abilities/power
- risky behavior |
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Term
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Definition
Panic - attacks occurring w/ no logical cause; feels like heart attack
Phobias - deep seated fear that is irrational, distressing, disruptive
OCD - consumed by obsessions
PTSD - unable to clear images from disaster/trauma
GAD - anxiety w/o cause/trigger |
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Term
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Definition
Schizophrenia
- 2 million
- not violent but withdrawn
- men/women; men earlier
- NOT split personality |
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Term
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Definition
APD - a pattern of disregarding/violating other's rights/safety; psychopaths/sociopaths
Diagnosed when 18 yoa and 3+ repeated acts since 15:
- acts could lead to arrest
- conning
- impulsivity
- assaults
- reckless
- poor work behavior
- rationalize pain caused |
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Term
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Definition
defiant
lack of remorse/guilt/empathy
self absorbed
irresponsible
deceitful
manipulative
superficial charm/whit; glibness/superficiality
shallow emotions; egocentriocity/grandiocity
irritable/aggressive
lack of anxiety/emotion when warranted |
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Term
APD Beliefs/Relationships/Views |
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Definition
Do what they believe is right regardless of impact
Contemptuous of authority; of morals/ethics/customs of society
Talent for pathological lying
Believe they are special; need to prove superiority
Others are weak/vulnerable
Callous about pain caused
manipulative
Competitive/slick/calculating |
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Term
Impulse Control Disorders |
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Definition
Disorders in which a person acts on certain impulses, that are potentially harmful, but they cannot resist
Pyromania
Kleptomania
Pathological Gambling
etc |
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Term
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Definition
disorders where the person is disconnected from full awareness of self/time/external circumstances
Dissociative Amnesia
Dissociative Identity Disorder |
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Term
Mental Illness in Children |
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Definition
7 million; depression most common
also suffer from emotional/behavioral disorders which makes diagnosis difficult
14 suicides/day |
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Term
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Definition
Developmental Disorder
Impaired social interaction
May not react to name
Difficulty interpreting tones/facial expressions
Appear unaware of others' feelings
repetitive movements (rocking, hand twirling, biting, head banging)
Self injurious activities
Abnormal/Extra sensitive to sound/touch/other stimuli
Reduced sensitivity to pain |
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Term
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Definition
neurobehavioral disorder that interferes w/ one's ability to pay attention
Inattention: difficulty staying on task; easily distracted; forgetful in daily activities; does not seem to listen
Hyperactivitiy: fidgets; talks a lot; can't sit still
Impulsivity: difficulty waiting turn; often interrupts; says inappropriate things |
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Term
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Definition
Do not cure the illness, only treat the symptoms |
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Term
Responding to Calls for special populations |
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Definition
Prior to contact, consider prior police contact and if possible contact someone who has some info on the person and their behavior (family, neighbor, witnesses/complainant)
DO NOT respond alone
Keep at a safe distance
Do not base this interaction on previous events, will be unpredictable |
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Term
Assessing Possible Mentally Ill |
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Definition
Appearance: visual search for weapons; strange clothing; dirty
Behavior -
Speech: illogical; rapid; slurred;loud/soft; irritated, angry, belligerent
Body Movement: agitated, pacing, abrupt, forceful; repetitive; slowed
Body Language: open; guarded; defensive; threatening |
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Term
Goals of Response to Call |
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Definition
Get situation under control; get the person help from a trained professional
Help w/o aggravating the situation |
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Term
Responding to Calls special populations continued... |
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Definition
Time is your ally
- evaluate individual and environment
- establish rapport
- find out what is going on; listen
- give time to quiet down/vent
- do not give impression you do not have time for them
Control environment
- non threatening
- reduce noise |
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Term
more information responding to call special populations... |
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Definition
Your Actions
- remain low key
- do not judge
- do not take anger personally
- do not respond with aggression
- do not deceive/make promises/agree with delusions
- do not threaten/abuse/make fun of
BE ALERT
Speak slowly, quietly
Look at person; get attention
Do not expect rational discussion
Avoid giving several instructions at once/changing wording; give positive instructions
Allow time for comprehension
Do not be fooled by sudden return to reality; they could go back at any time or be faking
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Term
Use of Force on Mentally Ill |
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Definition
DO NOT restrain alone
Know where your firearm is at all times
Think safety and treatment
Do thorough search but with caution
Apprehend in way least likely to hurt person |
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Term
Transport
Special Populations |
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Definition
Follow policy
Use wagon/van/plexiglass shielding/ambulance
Leather/velcro restraints
To a hospital or treatment facility |
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Term
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Definition
not mental illness
below normal intellectual functioning and impairments in some behavior
permanent
may appear alert, function more like a child
variety in skill levels
men/women, all cultures |
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Term
Indications of Mental handicap |
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Definition
Unable to formulate thoughts/answers quickly
Speech defects
Appear interested in children
Slow responses
Poor judgement
Inadequate in personal relationships
Socially immature
Unable to foresee consequences of an act
Resent nicknames/ unkind words
Become aggressive to feel important |
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Term
Mental handicap and Criminal JUstice System |
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Definition
High level of persons in Criminal Justice system
Are easily manipulated and are unaware of the consequences/actions as accomplices
4 to 10 times more likely to be victimized |
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Term
Dealing w/ Mentally Handicap Person |
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Definition
Go slowly
Patience
Rephrase questions in simple language
Minimize outside influences |
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Term
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Definition
More men die than women
72% by white males
Thought to be 8-25 attempts for every completion
Can be linked to drug/alcohol abuse
Firearms most frequent method |
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Term
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Definition
Serious illness or death in family
Loss of health
Any abuse or DV
Divorce/separation/breakup
Psychiatric illness
History of suicidal behavior
Arrests/disciplinary crisis
Loss of employment or other financial setback
Entry into or finishing therapy |
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Term
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Definition
Talking about death/suicide
Ending significant relationships
Making final arrangements
Giving away possessions
Taking unnecessary risks
Having a suicide plan |
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Term
Contact w/ Suicidal Person |
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Definition
Call for backup; do not handle alone
Behavior/attitude can have large impact
Be calm; do not become agitated/excited
Gain rapport
Be sympathetic/non judging
Be patient; time is your ally; let them vent
Contact family to get info, don't let them talk to subject
Most are not certain they want to die, only want pain to stop but don't know any other way |
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Term
What to Say to Suicidal Person
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Definition
Ask about plan
- How? Have everything? Taken any action? Past attempts? Locate weapons
Don't be afraid to talk about suicide/death
Avoid problem solving, advice giving, belittling, arguments
Do not say: It will be better tomorrow; Cheer up; It is not so bad; Threaten |
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Term
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Definition
Want to kill themselves, not strong enough
Officers feel bad, not their fault, had limited options |
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Term
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Definition
Stress, alcoholism, depression, family conflicts, problems/discipline at work + readily available guns = Possibility
More likely to kill selves than be killed in the line of duty
Unlikely to seek help; warning signs generally present as with other people
Better to lose the badge than the life |
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Term
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Definition
A defendant cannot be held criminally responsible for conduct if, when he committed the act charged, his mind was so defective or diseased that he did not know its nature and quality, he did not know that the act was wrong |
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Term
Emergency Detention
Special Populations |
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Definition
Officer has reasonable belief that a person is likely to cause harm to self or others, shall be transported to a treatment facility |
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Term
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Definition
Physical
Psychological/Emotional
Neglect
Financial
Abandonment
Self Neglect
Location: may live in a nursing home, private home and have a caretaker, other institution |
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Term
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Definition
the use of physical force, which is willfully inflicted, that may result in bodily injury, pain or impairment |
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Term
Psychological/Emotional Abuse (Elder) |
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Definition
the willful infliction of mental suffering, anguish, pain or distress |
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Term
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Definition
the refusal or failure of a caretaker to provide for the needs of an elder |
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Term
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Definition
the illegal or improper use of an elder's funds, property, or assets |
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Term
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Definition
The desertion of an elderly person by an individual who has assumed responsibility for providing care or has physical custody of an elder |
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Term
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Definition
elder behaves in a way that threatens their own health and safety through inattention or apathy |
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Term
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Definition
victim may not be able to assist in the investigation
story the victim and others surrounding them give fits the claim
consider aggravated charges (elders are frail) |
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Term
Risk Factors of Elder Abuse |
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Definition
Substance abuse (by elder or suspect)
Prior history of abuse
Frailty, disability, impairment of elder
Dependence (in any way, by anyone) |
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Term
Indicators of Abuse: Physical |
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Definition
Bruises, black eyes, cuts, welts, rope marks
Broken bones
Absence of hair and/or hemorrhaging below the scalp
Report of abuse
Refusal to allow visitors to see elder alone |
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Term
Indicators of Abuse: Psychological/Emotional |
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Definition
Fear
Withdrawal
Depression
Hesitation to talk openly
Confusion
Report of abuse |
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Term
Indicators of Abuse:
Neglect |
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Definition
Dehydration, malnutrition, untreated bedsores, poor personal hygiene
Dirt, fecal/urine smell, other health hazard
Rashes, sores, lice
Untreated medical conditions
Report of abuse |
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Term
Indicators of Abuse: Abandonment |
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Definition
Desertion of an elder at a hospital, nursing facility, shopping center or public location
Report of abandonment |
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Term
Indicators of Abuse: Financial |
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Definition
Unusual activity in bank account
Unexplained disappearances of funds and possessions
Recent changes in power of attorneys, wills or financial investments
Provision of services that are not necessary
Spending habits/care that are not in line with the estate |
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Term
Indicators of Abuse: From Caretaker |
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Definition
Elder not given opportunity to speak for him/herself or see others w/o caregiver
Attitudes of indifference or anger towards the elder
Caregiver blames elder or is overly hostile
Previous history of abuse to others
Problems with drugs or alcohol
Unwarranted defensiveness by caregiver |
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Term
Barriers to Elder Abuse Investigation |
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Definition
Isolation of elder
Cultural barriers (race, gender, other)
Stereotyping by elder, others, police
Victim barriers
- fear
- dementia
- guilty or stupid about actions
- shame at raising such a person |
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Term
Investigating Elder abuse |
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Definition
Separate elder
Ask questions to determine functionality but do not stop if irrational/incompetent, these are more likely to be victimized
Look for multiple types of abuse
Many sources of info to consider (doctors, neighbors, friends, family, clergy, hair dressers, etc) |
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Term
Build Evidence Based Case elder abuse |
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Definition
Do not rely on testimony
Take lots of photos (injuries, living conditions)
Documents and evidence
Copy of 911 tape
Evidence of addictions
Geriatric specialists
Get APS involved, possible prior abuse reports |
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Term
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Definition
Progressive irreversible disease that attacks and destroys nerve cells in the brain
Symptoms:
- Gradual memory loss
- Decline in ability to perform routine tasks
- Impairment of judgment
- Personality change
- Difficulty in learning
- Loss of language/communication skills |
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Term
Signs a Person Has Alzheimer's |
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Definition
Confused or disoriented
Appears lost or wandering
Appears agitated, fearful, angry
Is unable to grasp or remember present situation
Has difficulty judging passage of time
Asks the same questions over and over
Gives inappropriate responses to questions
Dressed inappropriately
Blank or inappropriate expressions
Delusional |
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Term
Possible LE Contact with Alzhiemers Person |
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Definition
Wandering
False reports
Driving
Shoplifting
Indecent Exposure |
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Term
Mandatory Reporting
Child Abuse and Neglect |
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Definition
Most children are unable or unwilling to take care of themselves and unable to report these crimes. KS requires some agencies to report abuse/neglect to SRS or LEAs:
Persons providing medical care or treatment
Licensed by the state to provide mental health services
School employees and persons licensed to provide child care services
Done orally and written when requested |
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Term
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Definition
Those reporting/taking part in an abuse case without malice are except from civil liability
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Term
Kansas Statute
Abuse of a child |
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Definition
Abuse of a child (under 18 yoa) is knowingly: torturing or cruelly beating; shaking which results in great bodily harm; cruel and inhuman corporal punishment |
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Term
Kansas Statute
Indecent Liberties with a Child and Agg |
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Definition
Child >14 but <16 Engaging in:
lewd fondling or touching with intent to arouse; soliciting in lewd fondling or touching with intent to arouse
Aggravated:
Sex with a child >14 but <16
Engaging in Indecent Liberties w/ a Child >14 but <16 w/o consent or <14
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Term
Kansas Statute
Sexual Exploitation of a Child |
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Definition
Employing, using, persuading, inducint, enticing or coercing a child under 18yr old or offender believes is under 18yrs old to engage in sexually explicit conduct for the purpose of performance;
possessing visual depiction of child engaging in sexually explicit conduct w/intent to arouse (PORNOGRAPHY)
parent or guardian knowingly permitting such acts
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Term
Define Sexually Explicit Conduct |
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Definition
Actual or simulated
In the nude
Sexual intercourse or sodomy
including genital-gential, oral-genital, anal-genital or oral anal contact.
with person of opposite sex or same sex.
Masturbation
Sado-masochistic abuse w/intent to arouse
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Term
Police Protective Custody Child Abuse and Neglect |
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Definition
Children <18 yoa may be taken into custody when:
there is a court order or PC to believe one exists; reasonably believes child will be harmed if not removed; PC to believe child is a missing person and entry has been found in NCIC |
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Term
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Definition
is a diagnostic term and means attraction to or love of children
"the act or fantasy of engaging in sexual activity with pre-pubertal children as repeatedly preferred or exclusive method of achieving sexual excitement"
Child molester is an individual who engages in any type of sexual activity with a child |
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Term
Preferential Sex Offender |
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Definition
practices a preferred or exclusive method of achieving sexual arousal that involves unconventional mental imagery or acts and who is regard by contemporary psychiatry as suffering from a diagnosable psychosexual disorder |
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Term
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Definition
suffers from no identifiable psychosexual disorder but engages in sex offenses as a result of a wide variety of situational factors |
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Term
Components of Child Abuse |
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Definition
Child -
child may be unwanted, over active, handicapped or chronically ill. At times the parents have unreasonable expectations that the child simply cannot live up to
Abuser -
the abuser is typically young, single and very dependent. They possess low self-esteem and often harbour underlying feelings of depression. Substance abuse is often present
Crisis -
can be almost anything such as death, divorce, loss of job, financial problems, etc |
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Term
Physical signs of Child Abuse |
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Definition
Area and age of the injury
Fractures
Bruises
Human Bite Marks
Genital injuries, irritation or discharge
Child Has sexually transmitted infection
Brain or skull injuries
Internal organ damage
Burns
Failure to thrive-inadequate nutrition, disease
Injuries such as abrasions on the knees, palms of the hands may very well be accident injuries and not abuse |
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Term
Behavioral Characteristics
Abused Child |
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Definition
Thinks they have been bad
Fails to look at parents for reassurance
Wary of physical contact w/adults
constantly alert |
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Term
Behavioral Characteristics of
Abuser |
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Definition
Evasive in providing info
Provides contradictory info
Fails to volunteer info
Demonstrates little concern for injuries of child
states child is accident prone or clumsy
delays or neglects seeking care for child
attempts to hide childs injuries. |
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Term
Isolation of Affect Child Abuse and Neglect |
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Definition
emotional barrier or wall which is used as a defense mechanism to block undesirable aspects of human life.
Good in almost every situation except interviewing children. They can/will sense it and not want to disclose information |
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Term
Factors of Victimology Child Abuse and Neglect |
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Definition
Dependency; children easily persuaded
Developmental stage:
Younger children are naturally trusting and will keep secrets when told to by an adult; too young to know normal/abnormal sexual behavior
Older children may be looking for love/affection lacking in the home
Relationship of the offender to the child
Support sytems availaable to the child
Severity of the abuse
Confusion can be a factor
Gender of the child and the offender
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Term
Factors of Disclosure of Abuse |
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Definition
Severity of the abuse (injuries, often of sex organs or area)
- some victims may be conditioned first
- may be a long period of time since abuse
Confusion on child's part in reaction to abuse
Gender can affect how the child feels, ie shame, confusion
Too ashamed to discuss victimization
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Term
Behavior Indicators Child Abuse and Neglect |
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Definition
Inappropriate sexual play or age inappropriate understanding
Seductive behavior towards investigator; sexuality confusion
Self-destructive behavior
Delinquent/criminal activity; Manipulative behavior
Social/emotional withdrawal; running away
Poor peer relationships
Excessive baths; loss of appetite
Overly Compliant behavior
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Term
Physical Indicators
Child Abuse and Neglect |
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Definition
Rely on properly trained medical personnel
to provide opinions on the results of sexual assault exam.
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Term
Initial Investigation Child Abuse and Neglect |
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Definition
Interview all parties involved separately;
also interview people who spoke with victim and families
Medical evidence is important victim should be examined by a doctor
Injuries photographed initially and at later stages of healing
Scene should always be processed (4th admendment)
Observant for evidence tha tmay have caused injuries.
The "WEAPON" may not be usual
Measure furniture heights and water temps and configurations
Signs of alcohol/substance abuse
Dont let parents discuss the incident ith child
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Term
False Allegations of Abuse Child Abuse and Neglect |
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Definition
Lead by a parent to make allegation
Just as important to disprove false allegations as to prove actual ones
Do not allow parents to discuss the incident with the child |
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Term
Protocol for Interviewing Children Child Abuse and Neglect |
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Definition
Strategy and planning
Building rapport
Evaluating the child
Conducting the interview
The disclosure
Closing the interview |
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Term
Strategy and Planning Child Abuse and Neglect |
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Definition
Have extensive knowledge of the facts
Open ended questions
Interview should be recorded
Setting as child friendly as possible
Educate parents on interview process; explain why it is a bad idea for them to be present
Joint interviews: reduces # of interviews but could intimidate child; adjust as needed
Timing: in morning hours; not after naps, meals, middle of night |
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Term
Building Rapport Child Abuse and Neglect |
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Definition
Get to know the child and set them at ease
Discuss daily activities of the child
Offer to shake hands; snacks, drinks
Make a positive first impression
Be careful of physical affection, let them set limits
Adopt's child's body language, ie sitting on floor, but be safe |
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Term
Evaluating the Child Child Abuse and Neglect |
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Definition
Developmental stage of the child is important
Does the child know right from wrong, etc? Understand sexual significance of the act? Ask these types of questions:
Time and date; about family activities; numbers; knowledge of distance and size |
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Term
Conducting the Interview Child Abuse and Neglect |
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Definition
Do not lead victim through interview
Open ended questions
Let them tell the story w/o outside influence
Never ask "why" questions
Be prepared for denial - do not confront about it, give time, take another direction
Child may initiate sexual behavior, stop/slow them and explain they do not need to show you; document
Use comforting statements
Interruptions could end the interview |
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Term
The Disclosure Child Abuse and Neglect |
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Definition
Control reactions and thank for info, get details
Ask about photos, other sexual activity, other victims
Allow the child to use own terminology: use dolls, drawings, diagrams to define and use these terms |
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Term
Closing the Interview Child Abuse and Neglect |
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Definition
Thank the child for their information
Explain what will happen from there
Do not make promises
Make referrals for additional support mechanisms
Let parents/guardian and children know that they are able to call you with questions |
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Term
Problems with Child Interviews Child Abuse and Neglect |
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Definition
Emotional mindset of the interviewer
Repetitive interviews
Prolonged interviews
Child's feelings of embarrassment, guilt, confusion or withdrawal
Allowing the parents in the interview room |
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Term
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Definition
the continuous observation of persons, places or things, generally but not necessarily in an unobtrusive manner, to obtain information concerning the activities of individuals engaged in criminal activity |
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Term
Situations Where surveillance can be employed effectively |
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Definition
Verify the reliability of an informant
Dignitary or protection of an official
Obtain sufficient evidence to effect an arrest
Secure arrests from a search warrant
Locate/apprehend suspects and wanted persons
ID relationships between known/unknown people
Attempt to prevent the commission of a crime
Determine methods of conducting a raid
Prepare schedules of movements
Safeguarding persons, property, personal effects |
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Term
Uniformed vs Non Uniformed Surveillance |
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Definition
Uniformed officers are not secret but it is possible to be covert
Non uniformed officers have more ability to move freely w/o drawing too much attention; geared towards covert; use unmarked vehicles to blend in |
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Term
Objectives of Surveillance |
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Definition
Obtain evidence of a crime; prevent crime
Gain ongoing intel
Obtain PC for search warrants
Provide added info for testimony
Provide info for more interviews
Check reliability of informant
Ascertain info on subject's activity
Ascertain whereabouts of a person
Gain info and knowledge of suspect's associates
Locate hidden contraband/hiding places |
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Term
Define Arrest surveillance |
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Definition
Pre-arrest surveillance
to ensure safety of fficers, citizens, and suspects during arrest.
History and backgorund info on suspect
Knowledge of weapons and officer safety issues
location info for safety
prep for night time arrest
adequate number of officers to handle arrest
any unknowns
additional unknown co-conspirators
Officer Safety |
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Term
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Definition
Fixed: remains in one position; limited radius of mobility; stakeout
Mobile: able to move with subject; auto, bike, foot, train, airplane, helicopter
Technical: use electronic visual/audio devices to enhance or capture information
Covert: hidden; used for UC ops
Close: not concerned with being burnt; not losing subject most important
Loose: loss of subject is preferred to possible exposure
Arrest: necessary to ensure safety; adequate # of officers; planning; co-conspirators; counter surveillance |
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Term
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Definition
Binoculars
Low-level light viewing devices
RF transmitters |
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Term
Procedures for surveillance |
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Definition
Foot: 1, 2, ABC, Leap Frog; increasing security against detection; used generally to maintain contact once subject has left vehicle; avoid most types unless necessary
Mobile: 1, 2, 3, Leap Frog: requires preparation; adequate vehicles/officers;
Combined Foot and Mobile to be versatile
Public Transit: difficult; prep is critical; correct monies; be prepared to change methods |
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Term
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Definition
The anticipation, recognition, appraisal of crime risk and the initiation of some action to remove it or reduce it.
This is a joint responsibility of officers and the public but often many choices lie in the hands of the public t choose to enact suggestions by LEO. |
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Term
Issues with Parks and School Grounds |
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Definition
Problems: some distance from the street; secluded; criminals are out of direct view of cars; unlighted areas
Fixes: functional lighting; bike/foot patrols; community involvement; open communication |
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Term
Large Commercial Buildings and Businesses Crime Prevention |
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Definition
Problems: one employee on duty; cannot see inside; loitering; away from traffic; not adequate lighting; open/unlocked doors and windows
Fixes: functional lighting; alarm systems; security guards; more employees; building checks by LEO |
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Term
Residential Crime Prevention
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Definition
Problems: occur during day; some are easy targets; defective doors and locks; poor landscaping
Fixes: education; watch programs; ID tagging valuables; dogs; alarms; quality door systems; trimmed landscaping; functional lighting; vacation watch by LEO; checking vacant properties; valuables out of direct view |
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Term
Parking Lots Crime Prevention |
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Definition
Problems: high volume of traffic; easy escape; blend in; hiding places; lighting issues; access to victims
Fixes: education; functional lighting; security; video; cooperation with businesses, managers; patrol |
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Term
Enviromental Design and Crime prevention |
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Definition
Shrubs and trees trimmed to reduce hiding places, allows view of front of building
Speed bumps to reduce speed
Lighting to illuminate parking lots and businesses |
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Term
The Narrative Report
Report Writing |
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Definition
Purpose: Establish a legal foundation for an arrest and charges
report the facts that constitute the elements of the crime
facts that establish PC
Document Miranda warning |
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Term
Elements of the Crime Report Writing |
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Definition
Establish facts
Recognize if facts constitute a crime
Establish PC for the arrest
Read statute to make sure facts line up with elements |
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Term
Obtaining Descriptions Report Writing |
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Definition
Two Methods:
Beginning at top of head and working down (A: specific, methodical; D: leading)
Allow witness to give description how they want (A: not leading; D: can be vague) |
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Term
PC Documentation Report Writing |
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Definition
Show the reader, step by step how you came to form your belief and what actions you took.
Reports any observation, briefings by other LEOs, other info found/gathered, prior exp with suspect.
Explain legal basis for arrest/search and seizure.
Include everything used to make the decision; is compiled of what you knew at the time the decision was made. |
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Term
Miranda Documentation Report Writing |
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Definition
Who - who received, who gave
What - the Miranda warning
Where - specific location
When - date and time
How - method, acknowledgement, method of waiver
Why - custody + interrogation = miranda |
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Term
Documenting Statement Report Writing |
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Definition
Take notes and use quotes whenever possible.
Video/Audio record
Thorough and accurate documentation
Written/Signed statement
Important to disprove negative statements; almost as good as a confession |
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Term
Ethical Element Report Writing |
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Definition
Purpose of any investigation is to find the truth; justice.
Everything is true, accurate and complete.
Do not change or edit for convenience
Avoid bias and prejudice
Seeks out the facts
What I saw, heard and did |
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Term
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Definition
Report should stand alone without any explanation
Statement of facts observed
Incomplete if requires added explanation
Should be clear and not open to interpretation
If you don't report it, it didn't happen |
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Term
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Definition
A person more than 10 but less than 18 who commits a felony or misdemeanor or alcohol, gambling or firearms violation |
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Term
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Definition
A person less than 18 who is: w/o adequate parental care, not solely due to financial means; w/o care/control necessary for all health; has been abused or residing in a home where someone <18 has been abused; illegal adoption; has been abandoned or w/ no known living parent; is not attending school; is less than 10 or otherwise would be a JO; is a runaway from home or 2nd time from placement; permanent custodian appointed left |
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Term
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Definition
Desertion of a child w/o arranging for reasonable care and supervision
Expulsion from home w/o arranging for care or blatant refusal of custody |
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Term
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Definition
Not solely due to lack of financial means:
failure to provide food, etc; supervision; use resources to treat medical condition; |
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Term
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Definition
Physical: Non accidental or intentional action or inaction which results in bodily injury or which presents likelihood of death or bodily injury.
Emotional: Acts or omissions which impair a child's social, emotional or intellectual functioning or present likelihood of such impairment.
Sexual: Any contact or interaction with a child in which the child is being used for the sexual stimulation of anyone |
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Term
LE Responsibilities w/ Juvenile Matters |
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Definition
Confidentiality
Mandated Reporting
Investigational Duties |
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Term
Entering into NCIC Juvenile Strategies |
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Definition
Missing person under 18 yoa entered immediately using appropriate categories (Disability, Endangered, Involuntary, Juvenile, Catastrophe Victim)
JO should be entered into NCIC under the conditions set forth by the NCIC Code Manual |
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Term
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Definition
Handled by SRS
Take to school, parents or other location designated by parents/school.
Make sure they have school, don't have abnormal school schedules, etc |
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Term
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Definition
Are CINCs
PC the juvenile is a runaway
Entry found in NCIC or PC one exists
Reasons for runaway could include: Abuse, step parent problems, Freedom, Lack of structure |
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Term
Interviewing Children Juvenile Strategies |
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Definition
Age Appropriate language
At eye level
Truthful, do not make promises
Have tools need (dolls, drawings, etc)
Separate from parents
Do not give up if not enough info for a case
Offer help and referrals |
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Term
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Definition
Commit the same crimes as adults: Violent Crimes (murder, robbery, rape, agg assault), Property Crimes (burglary, theft, motor vehicle theft, arson) and Others (simple assault, criminal damage to property, weapons violations, drug charges, DUI, liquor law violations, disorderly conduct, curfew, tobacco)
Children have the same constitutional rights as adults |
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Term
Needs of People Juvenile Strategies |
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Definition
To be cared for or care for others
To belong to a group
To be recognized.
These needs are met by many groups, including gangs. It is important to prevent this behavior by getting involved rather than attempting to stop it once it has started |
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Term
Effects of Contact Juvenile Strategies |
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Definition
Officer and the Department: bad contact reflects on the agency and all other officers of that agency (same is true with good contact)
Juvenile: could be greatest or worst moment in the child's life; will likely have lasting effects
Family: could be a passage or a barrier to future relations with that family
Community: suffers or reaps based upon contact between officers and juveniles |
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Term
Kansas Youth Services Agencies Juvenile Strategies |
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Definition
State: JJA, JIA, SRS, Court Appointed Special Advocate, Child Death Review Board
Local: Teen Court, School Counselors, Multidisiplinary teams
Private: Mental Health Centers, Chemical Dependency Treatment Centers |
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Term
Police Protective Custody
Juvenile Custody |
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Definition
May take a child into custody when:
There is a court order
is a CINC
Continued placement would be harmful
Continued custody of parent/guardian would be harmful |
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Term
Juvenile Offender Custody (Arrest) |
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Definition
Offense in officer's view
Warrant or PC to believe one exists
PC of a felony
PC of a misdemeanor when the JO will not be apprehended or evidence lost/destroyed, JO may injure self, others or damage property, may be injured or PC to believe JO has violated electronic monitoring rules |
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Term
Taken where? Juvenile Custody |
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Definition
An intake and assessement program
Court
Court services officer
Juvenile Detention facility
Youth residential facility as designated by courts |
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Term
How Old Are They? Juvenile Custody |
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Definition
Juveniles are never confined with adults
If there is a question, must establish age
Do not take prisoner's word for age |
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Term
Age vs Size Considerations Juvenile Custody |
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Definition
May be physically large but are likely emotional
May be smaller physically than their age would indicate
Subject to greater anxiety
Strength and agility may make them an escape risk
Should be transported separate from adults |
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Term
Fingerprints and Photographs Juvenile Custody |
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Definition
F/P may: if authorized by a judge
F shall, P may: immediately upon taking J into custody
F/P shall: admission into Juvenile Correction Facility
P may: placed into a juvenile detention facility |
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Term
Typology of Rapists
(Four Types) |
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Definition
Power Reassurance Rapist
Power Assertive Rapist
Anger Retaliatory Rapist
Anger Excitation Rapist |
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Term
Power Reassurance Rapist
Method of Operation |
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Definition
Method of Operation
Pre-selects victims
Watches Victims
Victimes who are alone or with small children
Window Peeper or prowler
Own Neighborhood
May walk to scene of attack
Near or in victims home
Late evening/Early morning hours
Surprise approach.
Takes souvenir
May recontact victim
Cofindence builds with success
Keeps record of events |
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Term
Power Reassurance Rapist
Profile |
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Definition
Low self esteem
Under achiever
Has dominate mother
Non athletic
High school or lower education
Dates significantly younger females
Fatasizes about rape
premature ejaculation
white male
nocturnal
may have a record for nuisance sexual offenses
loner
menial job
older model care
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Term
Power Assertive Rapist
Method of operation |
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Definition
meets victims in bars
use con approach
women his own age group
away from his neighborhood
rips or tears off victims clothing
may experience retarded ejaculation
mulitiple sexual assualts on same victim
or may commit muliple rapes in one night
can be excessive
Selfish
vaginal and or anal
profane, threatening and demanding
domineering and degrading |
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Term
Power Assertive Rapist
Profile |
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Definition
macho type
male-oriented job
marrie or divorced
sporadic attacks
self centered
flashy dresser
vehicle reflects self image
frequents singles bars
likely to have been arrest fro disturbances and resist arrest |
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Term
ANger Retaliatory Rapist
Method of operation |
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Definition
Excessive violence
Punish or degrade women
Spontaneious in nature and episodic patterns
anytime
blitz approach
victims may be symbolic
his age or older victims
drinking prior to assault
retarded ejaculation |
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Term
ANger Retaliatory Rapist
profile |
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Definition
explosive temper and personality
impulsive
married before
lone wolf (has social skills and can function in society prefers not to)
alcohol abuse problems
action oriented job
vehicle commensurate status
rents his home |
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Term
Anger Excitation Rapist
Method of operation |
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Definition
most violent
dominatioin and control
physical and emotional suffering
premeditatated
well thought out in detail
attck patter is impulsive
hard to catch
con approach
changes in demeanor
"like two different people"
selfish
brutal
victims kept for hours or days
likely to record to relive experience |
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Term
Anger Excitation rapist
Profile |
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Definition
white male
family man
two seperate lives
outdoorsman
gun and knife collection
reads detective magazines
no arrest record
college grad
above average intelligence
loves to drive
gets bored with the norm
fatasizes and then acts out
Do not have a female interview |
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Term
Myths and Stereotypes
Sexual Offenses |
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Definition
Resistance by the victim-a women is socialized against aggressiveness.
Reputation of the victim- number of sexual partners, types of sexual relatioships, provocative clothing, flirtatious behavior
High risk victims- strippers, prostitutes, young females drinking in a bar.
Low risk victims- stay at home mom, older women at home.
Emotionality of the victim-if raped should be hysterical.
Reporting-should immediatelly report
Reactions to Rape-reactions family, spouse, friends and others may have.
MYTH
Rape is about sex
Truth
Rape is about power, control and anger
Sex is not the motive
Sex is the weapon |
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Term
Reactions to Rape Sexual Offenses |
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Definition
By anyone involved
Intuitive Reaction (anger/revenge, avoidance/silence, depression, sympathy, voyeurism)
Subjective Reaction (preconceived ideas about rape; only bad girls get raped, any woman can resist rape if so desired, a rapist is a sex starved maniac, most women ask for it, you can't thread a moving needle) |
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Term
Rape Trauma Syndrome Sexual Offenses |
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Definition
Acute Phase - immediate impact reaction; Emotional or Controlled reactions
Outward Adjustment Phase - attempt to get some control back of life; may enact high risk behaviors, flashbacks, dreams, phobias, repress/suppress memories, interest in seeking help falls, depression/suicide, sleep/eating disturbances, reluctant to talk about
Resolution - integrates assault into life so it is no longer a daily focus |
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Term
Victimology Sexual Offenses |
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Definition
Crisis impact related to three factors:
Suddenness, Arbitrariness, Unpredictability
Symptoms of Sexual Assault Crisis
Fear, Guilt, Anger |
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Term
Define Rape Sexual Offenses |
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Definition
Sex w/o consent when overcome by fear/force, unconscious/powerless, incapable of giving consent due to mental issues or drugs/alcohol.
Sex w/ a child under 14 yoa
Consent is because of knowing misrepresentation of legal authority or medical importance by offender |
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Term
Sex Offender Registry Sexual Offenses |
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Definition
Purpose is to track sex offenders in KS, assist LE in investigations, provide security to community
Register w/ sheriff w/in 3 days |
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Term
Date Rape Drugs Sexual Offenses |
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Definition
victim unaware of ingestion, delay in reporting due to effects of drugs, drugs metabolize quickly, memory impairment, lack of LE training
Most common are GHB and Rohypnol |
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Term
Crime Scene Sexual Offenses |
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Definition
Areas where the assault occurred, body and clothing of victim, anywhere the victim was moved, the residence and/or vehicle of the suspect and the suspects body and clothing |
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Term
Medical Exam Sexual Offenses |
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Definition
If possible, use facility w/ SANE/SART unit.
Exam includes:
Exam of the victim
Treatment
Completion of Sexual Assault Evidence Collection Kit
Provide facts to LEO discovered on contact
Provide Testimony
Submit kit as evidence
Seminal evidence can be collected w/in 96 hrs in body cavities and dried semen is forever |
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Term
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Definition
Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner/Sexual Assault Response Team |
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Term
Victim Interview Sexual Offenses |
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Definition
Remember:
The Goal of every rape victim is to survive the attack
and
the Need of every rape victim is to be believed
Express regret the victim was assaulted
Assure her the assault was not her fault
Assure the victim of her safety during the interview within reason
Allow the victim as much control as possible during the interview |
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Term
Involving the Victim Sexual Offenses |
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Definition
Explain the procedures
Ask for her opinions during the interview
Explain why certain questions must be asked
Do not ask judgmental questions
Use terms the victim is familiar with
Determine the elements of the crime(s) that occurred |
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Term
Information to Inquire On Sexual Offenses |
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Definition
Method of Approach (Con, Surprise, Blitz)
Behavior of the rapist (physical, verbal, sexual)
Forms of resistance (physical, verbal, passive)
Reaction of rapist to resistance (leaves, ignores, threatens, compromise, uses force)
How control was maintained; Level of force used
Sexual acts, sequence and repetitions
Sexual dysfunction
Steps taken to protect ID; facilitate escape
Property Loss |
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Term
Define and explain prejudice |
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Definition
attitude that comes about as a result of feelings, behaviors and beliefs.
A preconceived idea or preference, opinion or judgment without full knowledge or complete examination of the facts of a situation, thing or person. |
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Term
Federal hate Crime Statistics Acto of 1990 |
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Definition
A criminal offense committed against a person or property which is motivated, in whole or in part, by the offender's bias against race, religion, gender, disability, ethnic orgin or sexual orientation.
1994 federal law increased the penalties for offenses proven to be hate crimes. |
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Term
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Definition
a conventional, oversimplified opinion, conception or belif.
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Term
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Definition
victim differs from a group other than the offender (racial, religious, ethnic, disability or sexual orientation)
Victim is a member of a group which is outnumbered by another group.
Victim is engaged in activities promoting their group
Incident occured on a holiday or particular date of significance
Victim is a member of an advocacy group that supports another victims gorup
Comments, written statements, gestures were made by the offender
Previous occurances
motive of offender
location of incident
no other common motives (robery or threat of robbery) |
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