Why did the United States get involved in World War I?

1. German Submarines (U-Boats) - sneak attacks 

       on U. S. ships;

2. Luisitania 1200 died - 150 American

        citizens/victims

        [learned later that Luisitania had weapons for

         Britain on board and that Germany knew

         this];

3. Zimmermann Note - if Mexico will help 

     Germany,

     Germany will help get S.W. United States back

     to Mexico, the note fell into Britain hands who

     gave it to the U.S.;

4. Russian Revolution - 1917

     Russia pulls out of the war (take tanks,

     weapons, $ out of war).

Name some of the things that Warren Harding is known for.

• pushed isololationism;
• Teapot Dome Scandal;
• poor president.

Define the Teapot Dome Scandal.

The Secretary of the Interior was convicted of accepting bribes from oil executives in exchange for drilling on federal lands.

Who was Warren Harding's vice president? Describe his domestic policy.

Calvin Coolidge who became president in 1923.

He loved:

• financial success;
• his domestic policy was laissez-faire (hands-off government).

Describe Sacco and Vanzetti.

Sacco and Venzetti were arrested, convicted and executed (killed) in 1927;

• for a burglary and murder;
• there was no solid evidence that they committed the crimes and
• they had no prior criminal record.

Describe the race issues of the 1920's.

In 1919, there were 25 race riots;

Ku Klux Klan grew in force and peaked in 1924;

•       government officials were members of the KKK

Describe Marcus Garvey.

He was an african-american who rejected integration.

• pushed pride in race;
• wanted a return to Africa to create a powerful nation there.

What is another name for Prohibition?

Describe Prohibition.

Temperance Movement = Prohibition.

Prohibition is:

• 18th Amendement;
• US needed to preserve grain for food, so producing alcohol became illegal.

Why was Prohibition/Temperance Movement unsuccessful?

• law couldn't be enforced;
• led to smuggling, moonshine, speakeasies;
• bred disrespect for the law;
• alcohol became source of power and money for the gangsters.

What is a speakeasy?

Illegal bars that were popular in the 1920's.

Describe the Dust Bowl.

• region in Great Plains where drought/dust storms took place for much of the 1930's;
• caused by no rain, farmers plowing too much, no grass to hold top soil;
• about 60% of families lost their farms;

What amendment dealt with Women's Suffrage?

Describe Women's Suffrage.

19th Amendment;

gave women the right to vote.

The Evolution Controversy was a clash between _________ and _________.

traditional values and science

Describe the Scopes Trial.

What was the other name for it?

The Scopes Trial:

• Tennessee teacher (John Scopes) taught evolution and was arrested;
• He was found guilty of violating a law that said that you can't teach evolution;
• The national attention pushed the evolution theory and made creationism look weak (not scientifically based);
• Also called the "Monkey Trial"

Which New Deal agency is responsible for monitoring (keeping an eye on) the stock market?

The SEC is responsible for keeping an eye on the stock market.

What was the Harlem Renaissance?

focus on African-American art and literature.

List some of the people characters who were a source of entertainment in the Roaring Twenties?

Mickey Mouse;

Houdini - magician;

Bessie Smith & Duke Ellington - Jazz Age;

Langston Hughes - poet;

Charlie Chaplin - actor in silent movies;

Babe Ruth - Yankee baseball hall-of-famer

How did the automobile impact people in the 1920's?

• helped push economy because of new jobs-;
• increased freedom to travel;
• urban sprawl;
• new status symbol - if you owned a car, you had increased status.

When and why was NASCAR created.

During prohibition when people were "running" moonshine.

How did Labor Unrest impact US?

• courts declaring some strikes unconstitutional;
• 1919 - 4 million workers went on strike;
• Labor Unrest grew alot after WWI and was often violent;
• very little public support for labor unrest.

Why did Herbert Hoover lose the election of 1932?

He was blamed for not stopping the Great Depression.

What book was written that described the Dust Bowl?

The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck.

How were the Okies and Arkies treated when they fled to California?

They were treated poorly and many found jobs as migrant workers.

They were met with resistance at the borders.

What lengths did people go to during the Depression?

Many people stole food or begged on the streets.

Describe discrimination during the Depression.

During the Depression, there was a general rise in suspicion and hostility.

People were looking for a scapegoat.

Relief programs discriminated against minorities.

What was family life like during the Depression?

young men left the family because they felt like a burden to the family;

many families were forced to drift because they were homeless;

nothing was wasted;

List some of the causes Great Depression?

• uneven prosperity (growing gap between rich and poor);
• buying on credit (people extending themselves and buying too much);
• stock market (risky investments, get rich quick)
• overproduction of goods (companies were making too much stuff, led to layoffs)
• farmers were losing land (bank controlled)

When did the stock market crash?

When was Black Tuesday?

Stock market crashed October 24, 1929;

Black Tuesday October 29, 1929.

How long did the Great Depression last?

12 years - from 1929 to 1941.

Which New Deal law (act) is responsible for helping older people after they retire?

Social Security Act

Which New Deal agencies are concerned with conservation and protecting the environment?

• CCC;
• TVA - Tennessee Valley Authority and;
• Social Conservation Service

Which government agency is not a requirement for banks to have, but one that protects money in banks?

FDIC

How did the AAA and the Soil Conservation Service help people in the 1930's?

they helped farmers stop the Dust Bowl and work on crop rotation.

How did the 1. Wagner Act and the 2. Fair Labor Standards Act affect workers?

1. set minimum wage and hours;
2. allowed collective bargaining.

List some of the lasting effects that FDR's presidency has had on the United States.

(Hint: there are 8)

1. minimum wage;
2. 5 day work week=40 hours (overtime for over 40);
3. atomic bomb;
4. Social Security Act;
5. FDIC-Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation;
6. SEC-Securities and Exchange Commission;
7. CCC,WPA, CWA, PWA - jobs;
8. term limits - 22nd Amendment.

Who ran for president in 1932? Who won the election?

1. Republican - Herbert Hoover;
2. Democrat - Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR)

         FDR won the election

What was FDR's domestic (homeland) policy called?

New Deal.

What were the 3 R's of the New Deal and what do they mean?

1. relief;
2. recovery;
3. reform;

The federal government is ultimately responsible for running the American economy.

What was FDR's "Bank Holiday" and how did it help the economy and the banking system?

• FDR closed every bank in the country for 3 days;
• only safe banks were allowed to re-open;
• this was supposed to increase peoples' trust in the banks - and it worked!

What was the 22nd Amendment?

Why was it put into place?

Term limits on the US presidency.

FDR was elected to 4 terms, some people were concerned that the US could end up with a dictator.