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Buccinator

Origins: Maxilla & mandible

Insertions: Orbicularis oris

Actions: sucks in cheek; chewing, sucking, whistling

Depressor anguli oris

Origins: Mandible

Insertions: Angle of mouth

Actions: Draws angle of mouth laterally and inferiorly

Depressor labii inferioris

Origin: mandible

Insertions: lower lip

Actions: lowers lower lip=opens lips

Levator labii superioris

Origins: Maxilla

Insertions: Orbicularis oris, angle of mouth

Actions:elevates upper lip=opens lips

Levator palpebrae superioris

Origins: Roof of orbit

Insertions: upper eyelid skin

Actions: Elevates upper lip = opens eye

Masseter

Origins: Maxilla and zygomatic arch

Insertions: Mandible

Actions: Elevates mandible = "closes jaw"

Mentalis

Origins: Mandible

Insertions: Skin of chin

Actions: Protrudes lower lip, "pouting"

Occipitofrontalis

Origins: 

Orbicularis oculi

Origins: Medial orbit

Insertions: circle around orbit

Actions: closes eye

Orbicularis oris

Origins: muscle fibers around mouth

Insertions: Corner of mouth-skin

Actions: closes and protrudes lips = "kisser"

Temporalis

Origins: temporal bone

Insertions: mandible

Actions: elevates and retracts mandible = "closes jaw"

Zygomaticus major

Origins: zygomatic bone

Insertions: Orbicularis oris and upper lip

Actions: Smiling, elevates upper lip

Zygomaticus minor

Origin: Zygomatic bone

Insertions: Blends with orbicularis oris muscle

Actions: Elevation of upper lip, produces nasolabial furrow

Scalene

Sternocleidomastoid

Origins: sternum and clavicle

Insertions: Mastoid process of temporal bone

Actions: Rotates head, extends and laterally flexes head

Coracobrachialis

Origins: coracoid process of scapula

Insertions: shaft of humerus

Actions: flexes and adducts arm at shoulder

Deltoid

Origins: lateral clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

Insertions: humerus

Actions: abducts arm, flexes and extends arm at shoulder joint

Diaphragm

Origins: Xiphoid process, lower ribs, lumbar vertebrae

Insertions: tendon in center of the muscle

Actions: Breathing

Erector Spinae

External intercostals

Origins: inferior border of rib above

Insertions: superior border of rib below

Actions: assist in breathing; inhalation and exhalation

Infraspinatus

Origins: Posterior scapula

Insertions: humerus

Actions: laterally rotates arm

Internal Intercostal

Origins: Superior border of rib below

Insertions: inferior border of rib above

Actions: assist in breathing; exhalation

Latissimus dorsi

Origins: Spinous processes of T7-L5, sacrum, ilium

Insertions: humerus

Actions: extends arm, adducts and medially rotates arm

Pectoralis Major

Origins: clavicle, sternum cartilage of ribs 2-6

Insertions: humerus

Actions:adducts and medially rotates arm at shoulder joint

Pectoralis Minor

Origins: 2nd-5th ribs

Insertions: coracoid process of scapula

Actions: rotates and abducts scapula downward

Serratus Anterior

Origins: Upper 8 ribs

Insertions: Inferior scapula

Actions: Abduction and raising of scapula = "punching" motion

Teres Major

Origins: Inferior scapula

Insertions: Medial humerus

Actions: Extends armm at shoulder

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Teres Minor

Origins: inferior scapula

Insertions: humerus

Actions: extends arm at shoulder

Trapezius

Origins: Nuchal line and spinous process of C7-T12

Insertions: Clavicle and acromion and spine of scapula

Actions: Stabilizes scapula

External Obliques

Origins: Ribs 5-12

Insertions: linea alba and iliac crest

Actions: Flexes vertebral column, compresses abdomen; lateral flexion of vertebral column; rotate vertebral column

Internal Oblique

Origins: Iliac crest

Insertions: cartilage of ribs 7-10 and linea alba

Actions: Flexes vertebral column, compresses abdomen; lateral flexion of vertebral column, rotate vertebral column

Rectus abdominis

Origins: Pubic bone and pubic symphysis

Insertions: Xiphoid process, cartilage of ribs 5-7

Actions: Flexes vertebral column, compresses abdomen

Transversus abdominis

Origins: iliac crest and cartilag of ribs 5-10

Insertions: Xiphoid process, pubis and linea alba

Actions: Compresses abdomen

Biceps Brachii

Origins: Scapula and coracoid process

Insertions: radial tuberosity of radius

Actions: Flexes forearm at elbow, supinates forearm

Brachialis

Origins: Anterior humerus

Insertions: Ulna

Actions: Flexes forearm at elbow

Brachioradialis

Origins: lateral and distal humerus

Insertions: Distal radius

Actinos: flexes forearm at elbow

Extensor Carpi Radialis

Origins: lateral humerus

insertions: 2nd metacarpal

Actions: Extends hand at wrist, abducts hand at wrist

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Origins: Lateral epicondyle of humerus and posterior ulna

Insertions: 5th metacarpal

Actions: Extends hand at wrist, adducts hand at wrist

Extensor digitorum

Origins: lateral epicondyle of humerus

Insertions: phalanges of fingers

Actions: Extends fingers 2-5 

Extensor Pollicis Longus

Origins: posterior ulna

Insertions: thumb

Actions: Extends thumb

Flexor carpi radialis

Origins: Medial epicondyle of humerus

Insertions: metacarpals

Actions: flexes hand at wrist, abducts hand at wrist

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Origins: Medial epicondyle of humerus and superior posterior ulna

Insertions: carpals and 5th metacarpal

Actions: Flexes hand at wrist, adducts hand at wrist

Flexor digitorum (superficialis)

Origins: Medial epicondyle of humerus, anterior ulna, anterior radius

Insertions: Phalanges

Actions: Flexes fingers 2-5

Flexor pollicis longus

Origins: Anterior radius

Insertion: Thumb

Actions: flexes thumb

Palmaris longus

Origins: Medial epicondyle of humerus

Insertions: fascia of palm

Actions: flexes hand at wrist

Pronator Teres

Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus, ulna

Insertion: medial radius

Actions: Pronates forearm

Triceps Brachii

Origins: scapula and humerus

Insertions: olecranon of ulna

Actions: Extends forearm at elbow

Achilles tendon

 Origins: formed from gastrocnemius and soleus

Insertions: inserts into calcaneus

Actions: Attaches gastrocnemius and soleus to calcaneus

Adductor longus

Origins: pubis and pubic symphysis

Insertions: Femur

Actions: Flexes and adducts thigh at hip

Adductor magnus

Origins: inferior pubis and ischium

Insertions: femur

Actions: Extends thigh at hip joint, adducts thigh at hip joint

Biceps femoris

Origins: ischium and femur

Insertions: femur

Actions: flexes leg at knee, extends thigh at hip

Fibularis longus

Origins: Fibula and lateral condyle of tibia

Insertions: 1st metatarsal and tarsal

Actions: plantar flexes and everts foot

Gastrocnemius

Origins: lateral and medial condyles of femur

Insertions: achilles (calcaneal) tendon at calcaneus

Actions: plantar flexes foot

Gluteus Maximus

Origins: ilium, sacrum and coccyx

Insertions: area around greater trochanter of femur

Actions: Extends thigh at hip

Gluteus medus

Origins: Ilium

Insertions: greater trochanter of femur

Actions: abducts thigh at hip

Gracilis

Origins: pubis

Insertions: Medial tibia

Actions: Adduct thigh at hip; medially rotates thigh; flexes leg at knee

Iliopsoas

Origins: transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae, ilium, sacrum

Insertions: lesser trochanter of femur

Actions: flexes thigh at hip

Pectineus

Origins: Superior pubis

Insertins: medial femur

Actions: Flexes and adducts thigh at hip

Rectus femoris

Origins: ilium

Insertions: medial tibia

Actions: extends leg at knee

Sartorius

Origins: Ilium

Insertions: medial tibia

Actions: Flexes leg at knee joint; abducts, laterally rotates thigh at hip

Semimembranosus (half of hamstrings)

Origins: Ischium

Insertions: medial condyle of tibia

Actions: flexes leg at knee, extends thigh at hip

Semitendinosus

Origins: ischium

Insertions: Proximal, medial tibia

Actions: Flexes leg at knee, extends thigh at hip

Soleus

Origins: Head of fibula and medial tibia

Insertions: Achilles (calcaneal) tendon at calcaneus

Actions: Plantar flexes foot

Tibialis Anterior

Origins: Tibia and lateral condyle of tibia

Insertions: 1st metatarsal and tarsal

Actions: dorsiflexion and inverts foot

Vastus lateralis

Origins: Greater trochanter of femur

Insertions: Patellar ligament at tibial tuberosity

Actions: extends leg at knee

Vastus medialis (1/3 quadraceps)

Origins: Anterior-lateral femur

Insertions: patellar ligament at tibial tuberosity

Actions: extends leg at knee