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| divides body into right and left sides |
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| divides body into dorsal and ventral sides |
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| transverse or horizontal plane |
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| divides body into cranial and caudal halves |
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| dorsal and ventral cavity |
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| dorsal subdivision which houses the brain |
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| dorsal cavity subdivision which houses spinal cord |
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| ventral cavity subdivision which houses heart and lungs |
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| lower cavity of the ventral cavity |
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| hols organs associated w/ digestion, part of ventral cavity |
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| holds the urinary bladder, reproductive organs and distal portions of the digestive tract; part of ventral cavity |
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| two or more types of tissues which perform specific function in the body |
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| group of organs which act together to perform a specific body function |
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| close to the back or spine |
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| closer to the front, same as ventral in humans |
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| closer to the back, same as dorsal in humans |
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| closer to the center of the body |
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| farther from the midline of the body |
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| nearer to the point of attachment of limb to trunk |
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| farther from the point of attachment of limb to trunk |
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| closer to surface of the body |
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| farther from the surface of the body |
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| Simple squamous epithelial tissue function and location |
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| filtration, diffusion; location-kidney, lung |
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| Simple cuboidal epithelium function and location |
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| secretion and absorption; kidneys or ducts of glands |
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| Simple columnar epithelium function and location |
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| secretion and absorption; location: digestive tract (duodenum), oviducts, and many glands |
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| Pseudostratified columnar epithelium location |
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| Stratified squamous epithelium function and location |
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| protection; location: mouth, esophagus, anus and vagina |
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| Areolar (loose) connective tissue fiber and cell type |
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| collagen and elastic fibers with fibroblasts |
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| Dense regular connective tissue fibers and cell types |
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| bundles of closely packed collagen fibers and fibroblasts |
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| attach muscle to muscles or muscle to bone |
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| bind bones together at joints |
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| Dense irregular connective tissue fibers and cell types |
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| collagen fibers interwoven and irregularly arranged |
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| tough, white material that surrounds muscles |
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| cushions joints, ends of long bones, support tip of nose, connects ribs to sternum, stregthen trachea and bronchi |
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| inter vertebral disks and public symphysis |
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| adipose connective tissue; fibers and cells |
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| made of adipocytes which are fat filled vacuoles with a nucleous; do not form fibers |
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| formed elements (cells and cell fragments) and liquid matrix (plasma) |
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| Thick skin is made of which layers |
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| corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum,basale |
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| corneum, granulosum, spinosum,basale (CONTAINS HAIR*) |
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| only the surface of epidermis is damaged |
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| all epidermis and some dermis is damaged, accessory structures are not damaged, blistering occurs but skin can still repair itself |
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| entire epidermis and dermis destroyed, usually painless, accessory structures and blood vessels destroyed, infections likely |
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| quick way to access burns in adults |
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| most common, originates in basale layer, rarely spreads |
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| arises in spinosum layer, spreads to lymph nodes, usually presence of lesions |
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| most deadly, often arises from pre-existing mole, spreads quickly |
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| A- asymmetry, B- border, C-color, D-Diameter, E-elevation |
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| joint with virtually no movement |
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| joint with small amount of movement (ex. vertebral column) |
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| joint which is free moving |
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| held together by fibrous tissue |
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| joint held together by dense connective tissue |
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| is a syndessmosis which the teeth are bonded into the jaw |
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| joint held together by cartilage |
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| held together by hyaline cartilage is a cartilaginous joint |
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| type of cartilaginous synchondrosis which is held together by fibrocartilage |
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| bones held together by bones (ex. sutures) |
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| bones enclosed within a joint capsule |
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| decreases heat and friction |
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| type of movement produced by its contraction |
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| non-moving end of the muscle |
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| band of dense regular connective tissue joining the muscle to a bone or other connective tissue |
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| muscle whose contraction is responsible for a given movement |
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| muscle whose contraction produces an action opposite that of the agonist |
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| angle between the bones of a joint decreases |
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| body part moves away or towards the midline |
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| bone turns towards the midline/ away from midline |
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| movement of the hand...turn palm facing down/palm of hand is turned upward |
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| foot movements...foot turned inward so sole faces other foot/sole faces outward |
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| dorsiflexion/plantar flexion |
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| foot movements...point toes toward ceiling/down to the sole of the foot |
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| body moves in a superior/inferior direction |
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| allow small gliding movements of bones across one another |
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| allows one plane movements...flexion/extension |
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| allows uniaxial rotation...ex. head to shake no |
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| allows flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, and circumduction |
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| flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, circumduction, and opposition **only example is carpometacarpal joint of the thumb** |
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| tempromandibular joint articulating bones |
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| mandibular fossa and condyle of mandible |
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| tempromandibular joint functional classification |
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| tempromandibular joint structural classification |
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| synovial- hinge & gliding |
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| Glenohumeral joint articulating bones |
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| glenoid fossa and head of humerus |
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| Glenohumeral joint functional classification |
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| Glenohumeral joint structural classification |
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| synovial- ball and socket |
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| Glenohumeral joint other structures |
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| joint capsule, glenoid labrum, coracohumeral ligament, tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii muscle |
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| stabilizes the shoulder joint |
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| occurs when the head of humerus slips out of glenoid fossa |
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| occurs when the clavicle and scapula are involved |
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| Elbow joints three sections |
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| humeroradial, humeroulnar, radioulnar |
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| Humeroradial joint articulating bones |
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| capitulum of humerus and head of radius |
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| Humeroradial joint functional classification |
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| Humeroradial joint structural classification |
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| humeroulnar joint articulating bones |
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| trochlea of humerus and trochlear notch of ulna |
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| humeroulnar joint functional classification |
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| humeroulnar joint structural classification |
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| Radioulnar joint articulating bone |
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| head of radius and radial notch of ulna |
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| Radioulnar joint functional classification |
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| Radioulnar joint structural classification |
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