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LaFleur Chapter 8
Female Reproductive System
151
Medical
Undergraduate 1
01/15/2006

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Term
ovaries
Definition
pair of almond-shaped organs located in the pelvic cavity. Egg cells are stored in the ovaries.
Term
ovum (pl. ova)
Definition
female egg cell
Term
graafian follicles
Definition
100,000 microscopic sacs that make up a large portion of the ovaries. Each follicle contains an immature ovum. Normally one graffian follicle develops to maturity monthly between puberty and menopause. It moves to the surface of the ovary and releases the ovum which passes into the fallopian tube.
Term
fallopian or uterine tubes
Definition
pair of 5 inch (12 cm) tubes, attached to the uterus, that provide for a passageway for the ovum to move from the ovary to the uterus.
Term
fimbria
Definition
finger-like projections at the free end of the falopian tube
Term
uterus
Definition
pear size and pear-shaped muscular organ that lies in the pelvic cavity, except during pregnancy when it enlarges and extends up into the abdominal cavity. Its funtions are mentruation, pregnancy and labor.
Term
endometrium
Definition
inner lining of the uterus
Term
myometrium
Definition
muscular middle layer of the uterus
Term
perimetrium
Definition
outer thin layer that covers the surface of the uterus
Term
corpus, or body
Definition
large central portion of the uterus
Term
fundus
Definition
round upper portion of the uterus
Term
cervix
Definition
narrow lower portion of the uterus
Term
vagina
Definition
a 3-inch tube that connects to the uterus to the outside of the body
Term
hymen
Definition
fold of membrane found near the opening of the vagina
Term
rectouterine pouch
Definition
pouch between the posterior wall of the uterus and the anterior wall of the rectum.
Term
bartholin's glands
Definition
pair of mucus-producing glands located on each side of and just above the vaginal opening
Term
mammary glands, or breast
Definition
milk-producing glands of the female. Each breast consists of 15 to 20 divisions, or lobes
Term
mammary papilla
Definition
breast nipple
Term
areola
Definition
pigmented area around the breast nipple
Term
vulva, or external genitals
Definition
two pairs of lips that surround the vagina
Term
clitoris
Definition
highly erogenous erectile body located anterior to the urethra
Term
perineum
Definition
pelvic floor in both the male and female. In females it usually refers to the area between the vaginal opening and the anus
Term
arche/o
Definition
first, beginning
Term
cervic/o
Definition
cervix
Term
cervic/o
Definition
cervix
Term
trachel/o
Definition
cervix
Term
colp/o
Definition
vagina
Term
vagin/o
Definition
vagina
Term
culd/o
Definition
cul-de-sac
Term
episi/o
Definition
vulva
Term
vulv/o
Definition
vulva
Term
gynec/o
Definition
woman
Term
gyn/o
Definition
woman
Term
hymen/o
Definition
hymen
Term
hyster/o
Definition
uterus
Term
metr/o
Definition
uterus
Term
metr/i
Definition
uterus
Term
uter/o
Definition
uterus
Term
mamm/o
Definition
breast
Term
mast/o
Definition
breast
Term
men/o
Definition
menstruation
Term
oophor/o
Definition
ovary
Term
perine/o
Definition
perineum
Term
salping/o
Definition
fallopian tube
Term
peri-
Definition
surrounding
Term
-atresia
Definition
absence of a normal body opening;occlusion;closure
Term
-ial
Definition
pertaining to
Term
-salpinx
Definition
fallopian tube
Term
ammenorrhea
Definition
absence of mentrual discharge
Term
Bartholin's adenitis
Definition
inflammation of Bartholin's gland
Term
cervicitis
Definition
inflammation of cervix
Term
colpitis
Definition
inflammation of the vagina
Term
dysmenorrhea
Definition
painful mentrual discharge
Term
endocervicitis
Definition
inflammation of the inner lining of the cervix
Term
endometritis
Definition
inflammation of the inner lining of the uterus
Term
hematosalpinx
Definition
blood in the fallopian tube
Term
hydrosalpinx
Definition
water in the fallopian tube
Term
hysteratresia
Definition
closure of the uterus
Term
mastitis
Definition
inflammation of the breast
Term
menometrorrhagia
Definition
rapid flow of blood from the uterus at mentruation
Term
metrorrhea
Definition
excessive discharge fromt he uterus
Term
myometritis
Definition
inflammation of the uterine muscle
Term
oophoritis
Definition
inflammation of the ovary
Term
perimetritis
Definition
inflammation surrounding (outer layer) of the uterus
Term
pyosalpinx
Definition
pus in the fallopian tube
Term
salpingitis
Definition
inflammation of the fallopian tube
Term
salpingocele
Definition
hernia of the fallopian tube
Term
vulvovaginitis
Definition
inflammation of the vulva and vagina
Term
adenomyosis
Definition
growth of endometrium into the muscular portion of the uterus
Term
breast cancer
Definition
malignant tumor of the breast
Term
cervical cancer
Definition
malignant tumor of the cervix
Term
endometrial cancer
Definition
malignant tumor of the endometrium
Term
endometriosis
Definition
abnomal condition in which endometrial tissue growns in various areas in the pelivic cavity including ovaries, fallopian tubes, bowels and uterus
Term
fibrocystic breast disease
Definition
a disorder characterized by one or more benign cysts in the breast
Term
fibroid tumor
Definition
benign fibroid tumor of the uterine muscle
Term
ovarian cancer
Definition
malignant tumor of the ovary
Term
pelvic inflammatory disease
Definition
inflammation of the female pelvic organs
Term
prolapsed uterus
Definition
downward displacement of the uterus in the vagina
Term
toxic shock syndrome
Definition
a severe illness characterized by high fever, rash, vommiting, diarrhea, and myalgia, followed by hypotension and in severe cases shock and death. Usually affects menstruating women using tampons.
Term
vesicovaginal fistula
Definition
abnormal opening between the bladder and the vagina.
Term
cervicectomy
Definition
excision of the cervix
Term
colpoperineorrhaphy
Definition
suture of the vagina and perineum
Term
colpoplasty
Definition
surgical repair of the vagina
Term
colporraphy
Definition
suture of the vagina
Term
episioperineoplasty
Definition
surgical repair of the vulva and perineum
Term
episiorrhaphy
Definition
suture of the vulva
Term
hymenectomy
Definition
excision of the hymen
Term
hymenotomy
Definition
incision of the hymen
Term
hysterectomy
Definition
excision of the uterus
Term
hysteropexy
Definition
surgical fixation of the uterus
Term
hysterosalpingo-oophorectomy
Definition
excision of the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries
Term
mammoplasty
Definition
surgical repair of the breasts
Term
mammotome
Definition
instrument used to cut breast
Term
mastectomy
Definition
surgical removal of a breast
Term
oophorectomy
Definition
excision of an ovary
Term
perineorrhaphy
Definition
suture of the perineum
Term
salpingectomy
Definition
excision of a fallopian tube
Term
salpingostomy
Definition
creation of an artificial opening in a fallopian tube
Term
salpingo-oophorectomy
Definition
excision of the fallopian tube and ovary
Term
trachelectomy
Definition
excision of the cervix
Term
trachelorraphy
Definition
suture of the cervix
Term
vulvectomy
Definition
excision of the vulva
Term
anterior and posterior colporrhaphy
Definition
when a weakened vaginal wall results in a cystocele and a rectocele and A & P repair corrects the condition
Term
conization
Definition
the surgical removal of a cone-shaped area of the cervix. Used in the treatment for noninvasis cervical cancer
Term
cryosurgery
Definition
the destruction of tissue by using extreme cold.
Term
dilation and curettage
Definition
dilation of the cervix and scraping of the instrument called a currette. It is performed to diagnose disease, to correct bleeding, and to empty uterine contents.
Term
endometrial ablation
Definition
a procedure to destroy or remove the endometrium by use of laser or electrical energy.
Term
laparoscopy or laparoscopic surgery
Definition
visual examination of the abdominal cavity, accomplished by insertion of a laparoscope through a tiny incision near the umbilicus.
Term
myomectomy
Definition
excision of a fibroid tumor from the uterus
Term
stereotactic breast biopsy
Definition
a technique that combines mammography and computer-assisted biopsy to obtain tissue from a breast lesion
Term
tubal ligation
Definition
closure of the fallopian tubes for sterilization
Term
hysterosalpingogram
Definition
x-ray image of the uterus and the fallopian tubes
Term
mammogram
Definition
x-ray image of the breast
Term
mammography
Definition
process of x-ray imaging the breast
Term
sonohysterography
Definition
process of recording the uterus by use of sound
Term
colposcope
Definition
instrument used for visual examination of the vagina
Term
colposcopy
Definition
visual examination of the vagina
Term
culdoscope
Definition
instrument used for visual examination of douglas culd-de-sac
Term
culdoscopy
Definition
visual examination of the uterus
Term
hysteroscope
Definition
instrument used for visual examination of the uterus
Term
hysteroscopy
Definition
visual examination of the uterus
Term
culdocentesis
Definition
surgical puncture to remove fluid from cul-de-sac
Term
CA-125
Definition
a blood test used in the detection of ovarian cancer. It is also used to monitor treatment and to determine the extent of the disease.
Term
pap smear
Definition
a cytological study of cervical and vaginal secretions used to determine the presence of abnormal or cancerous cells. Most commonly used to detect cancers of the cervix.
Term
Transvaginal Sonography
Definition
an ultrasound procedure that uses a transducer placed in the vagina to obtain images of the ovaries, uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes, and surrounding structures. Used to diagnose masses such as ovarian cyst or tumors, to monitor pregnancy, and to evaluate ovulation for the treatment of infertility.
Term
gynecologist
Definition
a physician who studies and treats disease of women
Term
gynecology
Definition
study of women
Term
gynopathic
Definition
pertaining to disease of women
Term
leukorrhea
Definition
white discharge from the vagina
Term
mastalgia
Definition
pain in the breast
Term
mastoptosis
Definition
sagging breast
Term
menarche
Definition
beggining of mentruation
Term
oligomenorrhea
Definition
scanty menstrual flow
Term
vaginal
Definition
pertaining to the vagina
Term
vulvovaginal
Definition
pertaining to the vulva and vagina
Term
dyspareunia
Definition
difficult or painful intercourse
Term
estrogen replacement therapy
Definition
replacement of hormones to treat menopause, also called hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
Term
fistula
Definition
abnormal passageway between two organs or beetween an internal organ and the body surface
Term
menopause
Definition
cessation of mentruation, usually around age 48-53
Term
premenstrual syndrome
Definition
a syndrome involving physical and emotional symptoms occuring in the 10 days before mentruation
Term
speculum
Definition
instrument for opening a body cavity to allow visual inspection
Term
SHG
Definition
sonohysterogram
Term
TAH/BSO
Definition
Total abdominal hysterectomy/bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
Term
TSS
Definition
toxic shock syndrome
Term
TVH
Definition
total vaginal hysterectomy
Term
TVS
Definition
transvaginal sonography
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