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LARE terms
Landscape architecture terms
33
Other
Professional
09/04/2007

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Term
Fen
Definition
Soil is continuosly wet.
Term
Hydric Soil
Definition
Holds moisture and is anaerobic
Term
Focus group
Definition
later
Term
NEPA
Definition
National Environmental Protection Act
Term
ASTM
Definition
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
Term
Graphic for stream course
Definition
Dash, three dots, dash, 3 dots
Term
Lag screw
Definition
Image
Term
Cheekwalls
Definition
Walls located on the sides of a set of steps to serve as a transition between the steps and the accompanying slope.
Term
Railing Height
Definition
32"-36"
Term
Cap
Wall/fence Surface
Base
Definition
3 primary elements of a wall/ fence
Term
Stretchers
Headers
Soldiers
Definition
Three ways brick can be used in courses n a wall
Term
Slump blocks
Definition
A cross between concrete block and adobe bricks are actually concrete
Term
Water characteristics
Definition
Plasticity
Motion
Sound
Reflectivity
Texture
Term
Solid contour
Definition
Proposed contour
Term
Dashed contour
Definition
Existing contour
Term
Grading plan
Definition
Shows exisitng and proposed contours
as well as the outline of all buildings, roads, walkways, trails, walls, drop inlets,catch basins, spot grades and other structural elements.
Term
Ratio method
Definition
Defines slope steepness by means of a ratio between the horizontal distance and the vertical elevation change within the slope. 1st figure of raito represents horizontal, 2nd represents veritical elev.change
Term
Rise
________ = % slope
Run
Definition
Percentage Method

1- 5 % considred ideal for many exterior sopaces & functions
15%+ too steep for most land uses & functions
Term
Military crest
Definition
Provides clear views of the immediate slope in the foreground as well as more distant views to the MG and BG. Important point for locating structures that visually blend with the landform
Term
Open space
Semiopen space
Canopied Space
Enclosed canopied space
Vertical space
Definition
Creations of space
Term
Linkage
Enclosure
Screening
Sequencing
Privacy
Definition
Architectural uses of plant materials
Term
Transition space
Definition
Concept of relating a building to its site, diminishing the break between indoor and outdoors through gradual changes.
Term
Aerial photos
Definition
Excellent source of detailed renewable site data. Basis for detailed contour maps.
Term
Arterials
Collectors
Local
Cul de sacs
Definition
Hierarchy of streets
Term
Clay
Silt
Sand
Definition
Basic rock components of soil
Term
Design speed
Definition
Maximum safe speed that can be continuously maintained on a piece of road.
Term
Compound curves
Definition
Two curves of the same direction but of different radius that are joined directly together.
To be avoided whenever possible.
Term
Azimuth
Definition
Refers to the degree of bearing from your current position to another position. Azimuth means bearing. The direction from one position to another position. The set range of Azimuth is 0º to 360º.
Term
Back bearing
Definition
The 180-degree opposite of the azimuth or bearing. Also know as back azimuth
Term
Clinometer
Definition
The Clinometer can be a device, or, a feature on a compass in which a measure of vertical angles can be taken; such as a slope of a hill. Clinometers can also be used as a level
Term
Contour interval
Definition
The difference in elevation (height) between one contour line and the next. This interval is either expressed in feet or meters.
Term
Patch
Definition
These are the elements that make up a landscape. They may be habitats to a certain species, they may be vegetation types, they may be a certain characteristics of vegetation (i.e., density, age); always defined in terms of the object of interest. Patches themselves may hold spatial heterogeneity at a scale smaller than the patch itself, and patch boundaries depend on the scale considered
Term
Matrix
Definition
The matrix is the most extensive and common patch type – the one that dominates the landscape. Defining the matrix also depends on the object of interest, and also depends on the scale of investigation
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