Term
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Definition
Ambition
Competence
Integrity |
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Term
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Definition
Constancy: consitency
Congruity: integrity
Competence: skill, tech knowledge
Care: Consideration, empathy |
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Term
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Definition
Develop the vision
Articulate the vision
Implement the vision |
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Term
| 6 Stage Process for Sport Managers |
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Definition
1. Communicate need for change
2. Overcome resistance
3. Make personal commitment
4. Articulate the vision
5. Generate commitment
6. Institutionalize the vision |
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Term
| Steps to Implement Vision |
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Definition
1. Structure: org design, work flow
2. Selection & Training: develop the right people
3. Motivation: enthusiasm, commitment, role modeling
4. Information Management: accumulation and dissemination
5. Team Building: support, direction, cohesiveness
6. Promote Change: creativity, innovation |
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Term
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Definition
1. Political: power in position/title
2. Informational: dissemination
3. Skill: know-how, competency
4. Charismatic
5. Transformational
6. Cultural
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Term
| Perspectives of Leadership |
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Definition
1. Macro: industry-wide
2. Micro: day-to-day
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Term
Cultures of Leadership
(Sparks) |
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Definition
1. Hierarchal: power in position, autocratic
2. Egalitarian: reduce inequity, task sharing, job rotation
3. Individualism: individual authority, leaders appointed when necessary/time of crisis
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Term
Trait Theory
Essential Traits |
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Definition
1. Drive: ambition, achievement, energy
2. Desire to lead: socialized power, motivation
3. Honesty/Integrity: truthfulness
4. Cognitive Ability: intelligence, intuition, non-traditional thinker
5. Self-confidence: emotional stability, assurance
6. Business Knowledge: industry, company |
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Term
Trait Theory
Inherent Traits |
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Definition
1. Drive: ambition
2. Intelligence: cognitive ability
3. Charisma: emotion, energy
4. Intuition:
5. Persistence:
6. Emotional Stability:
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Term
Trait Theory
Evolution to Behavioral |
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Definition
- Trait theory is based on idea that leaders are born not made.
- Some leaders do not possess all traits.
- Possession of traits does not ensure leadership.
- Use in competency skill testing results in obvious and general findings. |
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Term
Behavioral Theory
The Michigan Studies |
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Definition
- Employee-orientation: cohesiveness, support, interaction
- Task-orientation: planning, supervising, work facilitation, goal emphasis
- Effective Leadership: subordinates more satisfied when leader scores high in both areas |
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Term
Behavioral Theory
The Ohio State Studies |
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Definition
- Initiating Structure: work facilitation, policy, procedure, task
- Consideration: camaraderie, caring
- LBDQ
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Term
Behavioral Theory
Blake/Mouton |
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Definition
[image]
1. Authoritarian
2. Impoverished
3. Country Club
4. Team Leader |
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Term
Behavioral Theory
Evolution to Contingency/Situational |
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Definition
- Behavioral does not allow for behavior to change according to situational factors.
- Does not address informal leadership.
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Term
Contingency Theory
Fiedler |
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Definition
- LPC
- Style vs. Leader Control
- Depends on amount of control leader has over situation
- Style not easily changed
- Task-orientation: structure
- Relationship-orientation: interpersonal relations |
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Term
Contingency Theory
Situational
(Hersey & Blanchard) |
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Definition
- Individualistic approach: case by case
- Mitigating variable: Subordinate Maturity
- Choose style according to subordinate need
- Job (ability) vs Psychological (motivation, confidence)
- Task vs Relationship
- M1: unable, unwilling - hT, lR, Telling
- M2: unable, willing, hT, hR, Selling
- M3: able, unwilling, lT, hR, Participating
- M4: able, willing, lT, lR, Delegating |
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Term
Contingency Theory
Can Do/Will Do Framework |
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Definition
[image]
M1: Telling
M2: Selling
M3: Participating
M4: Delegating |
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Term
Contingency Theory
Path-Goal
(House) |
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Definition
- Articulate vision
- Clear path, reduce obstacles
- Choose one or all styles as needed
1. Directive: guidelines, planning
2. Supportive: concern, consideration
3. Participative: consult, involve, equal
4. Achievement: goals, expectations |
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Term
Contingency Theory
Evolution to Transactional/Transformational |
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Definition
- Desire to understand individual leader behavior
- Ability to influence great change
- Charismatic leadership
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Term
Transactional Leadership
(Burns) |
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Definition
- Appeal to self-interests of followers
- Association with corrective and constructive behavior
1. Contingent Reward: punishment/reward for behaviors, deliver on promises, incentive for performance, verbal expression of dis/pleasure
2. Management by Exception (Active): seeking failures, attention to mistakes, actively seeking infracturions
3. Management by Exception (Passive): acting on mistakes when they arrive, trial and error
4. Laissez-Faire: non-transactional, don't care, hands off, avoidance |
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Term
Transformational Leadership
(Bass) |
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Definition
- Followers elevated to higher purpose
- Transform follower's beliefs and attitudes to higher expectations
- challenge and change culture
- broaden members self-interest
- set aside self-interests to good of group
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Term
Transformational Leadership
4 I's |
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Definition
1. Idealized Attributes/Behaviors
2. Inspirational Motivation/Charisma
3. Intellectual Stimulation
4. Individualized Consideration
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Term
Transformational Leadership
Idealized Attributes/Behaviors [IA] |
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Definition
- principled actions: values, beliefs, moral ethics
- confidence
- role modeling
- selflessness
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Term
Transformational Leadership
Inspirational Motivation/Charisma [IM] |
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Definition
- enthusiasm
- optimism
- vision/ future thinking
- excitement
- take a stand on controversial issues |
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Term
Transformational Leadership
Intellectual Stimulation [IS] |
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Definition
- challenging goals and tasks
- thinking out of box, non-traditional
- alters follower's perspectives
- risk friendly
- seeks input
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Term
Transformational Leadership
Individualized Consideration [IC] |
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Definition
- treating follower as individual, case-by-case
- mentor, coach, advise
- develop strengths
- listen attentively |
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Term
Transformational Leadership
Cascading Effect |
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Definition
| - organization members receive consistent messages from all leadership levels |
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Term
Transformational Leadership
Leader/Member Exchange [LMX] |
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Definition
- Overall, TL correlates with LMX but not causal
- [IA] Not measured
- [IM] Less correlation, maturity level differs from mid-tier to third-tier subordinates
- [IC] Correlates, is consistent, intangible reward
- [IS] Less correlation, not part of role modeling, or development behaviors |
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Term
Transformational Leadership
Outcomes |
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Definition
- extra effort: heighten desire to succeed, do more than expected
- effectiveness: meet goals, org needs, goal achievement
- satisfaction: better leader/member relationship, more satisfied followers |
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Term
Transformational Leadership
Workplace Objectives |
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Definition
- Corporate Image: vision at all levels, emphasis on intellectual resources, development of people
- Recruiting: individual consideration, flex schedules, attractive charisma
- Selection, Promotion, Transfer: promote people with suitable characteristics, reward culture
- Development: challenging tasks, individual consideration, policy supports risks
- Training: leadership development, verbal and non-verbal performance rewarded |
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Term
Organizational Value Sets
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Definition
- Focus: Internal vs External
- Structure: Flexibility vs Control
- Means & Ends |
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Term
Organizational Effectiveness
Measures |
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Definition
- Goal Attainment: identify goals and path
- System Resources: inputs, scarce and valued
- Internal Processes: HR, information flow, work processes
- Satisfaction of Constituents: different interests of vested parties
- Competing Values |
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Term
Personal Effectiveness
Measures |
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Definition
- Obtain Trust and Respect: integrity, consistency, achievements
- Ability to Adapt: flexibility, style vs situation (conflict of flexibility and consistency)
- Develop Vision & Clear Path
- Motivate & Inspire: charisma
- Achieve Results: positive outcome on time |
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Term
| Competitive Values Framework |
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Definition
[image]
1. INT/CONTROL: information mgmt --> stability, control | Coordinator, Monitor
2. EXT/CONTROL: planning --> production | Producer, Director
3. IN/FLEX: cohesion --> HR development | Facilitator, Mentor
4. EXT/FLEX: feasibility, readiness --> growth, acquire resources | Broker, Innovator |
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