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| Subjective sensation (flashes of light, tingling, etc,) that happens before the onset of a migraine or seizure. |
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| Slow, hesitating pattern of movement. |
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| Injury involving bruising of brain tissue. |
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| Brief loss of conciousness or disorientation following a head injury. |
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| Paralysis on half of the body. |
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| State of balance in the body. |
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| Layer of fatty cells that act as insulation for the axons of the neurons. It also helps the axon function effeciently. |
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| A specialist who treats diseases and disorders of the nervous system. |
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| Chemical that helps the transmission of impulses from neuron to neuron. |
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| Surgical fusing (immobilization) of vertebrae that are next to each other. |
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| Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
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| Transient Ischemic Attack |
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| Peripheral Nervous System |
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| Amyotrphic Lateral Sclerosis |
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| What are the structures of the central nervous system (CNS)? |
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| Brain (cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem), spinal cord, and meninges. |
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| What are the structures of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)? |
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| 12 cranial nerves, 31 pairs of spinal nerves, and nerves in the arms and legs. |
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| What do sensory, motor and mixed neurons do? |
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| Sensory transmit info from body to brain, motor transmit from brain to body, and mixed do both. |
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| What is the difference between dendrites and axons? |
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| Dendrites recieve information for the neuron, axons transmit information from the cell. |
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| What are the two parts of the autonomic nervous system? |
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| Parasypathetic and sympathetic |
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| What is the difference between parasympathetic and sympathetic? |
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| Parasympathetic calms the body down, sympathetic speeds the body up. |
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| What is the spinal cord's primary purpose? |
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| Providing a pathway for sensory and motor impulses. |
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| What is the difference between anticoagulants and thrombolytics? |
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| Anticoagulant help prevent clots from forming, thrombolytics disolve a clot that is already present. |
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| The largest portion of the brain which manages the senses, emotion, and muscle control. |
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| Smaller portion of the brain, controlls balance and coordination. |
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| Connection between the right and left sides of the brain. |
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| Three layers of membranes that act as lining for the brain and spinal chord. |
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Oculomotor Nerve
Trochlear Nerve
Abducent Nerve |
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| Facial muscles and jaw movement |
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| Facial expressions and taste |
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| Movement of the throat, hear, and GI tract |
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| Severe pain radiating from the buttocks down to the feet. |
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| Stroke or Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) |
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| Also called a brain attack. Sudden loss of brain function due to loss of blood circulation. Signs include dysphagia, weakness on one side of the body, and difficulty walking or balancing. Diagnosis is confirmed with an MRI, CT scan, or ultrasound. Often causes long term damage. |
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| Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) |
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| Brief interruption of blood flow to a part of the brain, causing temporary impairment of brain function. |
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| A familial disorder marked by severe throbbing headaches that often cause sensitivity to light and sound. |
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| Chronic disorder marked by recurrent seizures. |
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| Inflammation of the brain that is often caused by a virus. |
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| Infection and inflammation of the meninges usually caused by a bacteria or virus. It is aggressively treated to avoid permanent damage. The bacterial form is usually more severe and can lead to hearing loss or metal retardation. |
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| Includes cerebral concussion and/or contusion and often occurs with any moderate or severe head injury. Primary treatment is management of intracranial pressure (ICP). |
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| Any traumatic injury to the back that can have life-altering consequences such as paralysis of the legs or the entire body. |
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| Chronic degenerative disease that affects movement. Signs and symptoms include hand tremors, muscle rigidity, bradykinesia, and a shuffling gait. |
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| Chronic autoimmune disease that inflames and degenerates the myelin sheath of the axons affecting many body systems. |
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| The term for any abnormal mass or growth in the cranium. General 5-year survival rate is 30%. |
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| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) |
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| Also called Lou Gehrig's disease. A chronic degenerative disease that destroys the motor neurons in the body, impairing muscle movement. |
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| Temporary weakness or paralysis on one side of the face, often causing drooping. |
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| A disorder in the cranial and spinal nerves marked by pain, altered sensations and muscle weakness that has varying causes. |
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| Pain and inflammation in the wrist caused by pressure on the nerve due to overuse. |
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| Narrowing of an area of the spine which puts pressure on the nerves of the spinal cord. |
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| A recording of electrical brain activity by placing electrodes on the patient's head. |
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| A procedure where a hollow needle is inserted into the patient's spine for a number of reasons such as drawing CSF, injecting dye or draining fluid to relieve pressure. |
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| Computed Tomography (CT) Scan |
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Definition
| Detailed x-ray scans of specific parts of the body. |
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| Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) |
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Definition
| An imaging process where powerful magnets are used to create images of the body. Takes 30-45 minutes while a patient is lying in tubelike structure. |
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