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| novel properties not present in a previous step appear at the next higher biological hierarchy |
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| approach of reducing complex systems to more manageable systems in order to study them |
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| approach that attempts to model dynamic behavior of whole biological systems based on a study of interactions among the system's parts |
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| consists of all life on earth |
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| consists of all living things in a particular area, includes nonliving factors |
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| consists of all individuals of a species living within the bounds of an area |
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| architecture that makes up an organism, made of tissues |
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| a group of cells working together |
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| life's fundamental unit of structure and function |
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| various components present in cells |
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| chemical structure consisting of two or more chemical units called atoms |
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| cells subdivided by internal membranes into various membrane-enclosed organelles, DNA is separate from the rest of the cell |
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| DNA is not separate from the rest if the cell, lacks membrane-enclosed organelles |
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| DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) |
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| substance of genes, the units of inheritance that transmit information from parents to offspring (deoxyribonucleic acid) |
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| entire process by which information in a gene directs the production for cellular product |
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| library of genetic instructions that an organism inherits |
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| studying whole sets of genes of a species as well as comparing genomes between species, rather than analyzing single genes at a time |
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| form of regulation in living systems in which accumulation of an end product of a process slows the process (ATP production) |
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| form of regulation in living systems in which accumulation of an end product of a process speeds up the process (blood clots) |
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| theory of natural selection |
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| evolutionary adaptation, discovered by Charles Darwin and published about on 1859, one species can potentially give rise to another one given enough time and adaptations |
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| eukaryotic domain, 1 of 3 domains of organisms, includes Plantae, Fungi, Animalia (distinguished mainly by their modes of nutrition) |
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