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Lifespan Development Chapter 1
Main Ideas and Vocabulary from Lifespan Development by Denise Boyd Chapter 1
27
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
07/09/2013

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Term
Human development
Definition
The scientific study of age-related changes in behavior, thinking, emotion, and personality.
Term
Physical domain
Definition
Changes in the size, shape and characteristics of the body.
Term
Cognitive domain
Definition
Changes in thinking, memory, problem solving and other intellectual skills.
Term
Social domain
Definition
Change in variables that are associated with the relationship of an individual to others.
Term
Qualitative change
Definition
A change in kind or type
Term
Quantitative change
Definition
A change in amount
Term
Stages
Definition
Qualitatively distinct periods of development
Term
Naturalistic observation
Definition
The process of studying people in their normal environments
Term
Case study
Definition
An in-depth examination of a single individual
Term
Laboratory observation
Definition
Observation of behavior under controlled circumstances.
Term
Experiment
Definition
A study that tests a causal hypothesis.
Term
Research ethics
Definition
The guidelines researchers follow to protect the rights of animals used in research and humans who participate in studies.
Term
norms
Definition
average age at which developmental milestones are reached
Term
maturation
Definition
the gradual unfolding of a genetically programmed sequential pattern of change
Term
norm-referenced tests
Definition
standardized tests that compare an individual child's score to the average score of others her age
Term
nature-nurture debate
Definition
the debate about the relative contribution of biological processes and experiential factors to development
Term
normative age-graded changes
Definition
changes that are common to every member of a species
Term
social clock
Definition
a set of age norms defining a sequence of life experiences that is considered normal in a given culture that all individuals in that culture are expected to follow
Term
ageism
Definition
a prejudicial view of older adults that characterizes them in negative ways
Term
normative history-graded changes
Definition
changes that occur in most members of a cohort as a result of factors at work during a specific, well-defined historical period
Term
nonnormative changes
Definition
changes that result from unique, unshared events
Term
critical period
Definition
a specific period in development when an organism is especially sensitive to the presence (or absence) or some particular kind of experience. cp
Term
sensitive period
Definition
a span of months or years during which a child may be particularly responsive to specific forms of experience or particularly influenced by their absence. sp
Term
atypical development
Definition
development that deviates from the typical developmental pathway in a direction harmful to the individual
Term
ethnography
Definition
a detailed description of a single culture or context
Term
Quasi-experiementation
Definition
A researcher wants to study how exposure to toxic chemicals affects a developing human fetus. Which type of research would be best suited for this?
Term
Children's speech begins with single words before proceeding onto sentences.
Definition
Which of the following is an example from your text of an inborn bias?
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