Term
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Definition
| Closed basin, seepage lake |
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Definition
| Rivers flowing in and out, drainage lake |
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Term
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Definition
| Ice Barriers, Scour basins, kettle lakes, Cirque Lakes |
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Definition
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Definition
| Formed by material deposition in the bay and then seperation |
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Definition
| Ox bow or billabong, created by erosion |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| The distance that wind can mix the water |
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Definition
| depth vs area or volume. Shows the percent of the lake at a certain depth |
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Term
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Definition
| Synthesized info about production, respiration and biota in a moving stream. Rivers a longitudinally integrated systems that are coupled to their drainage basins |
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Term
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Definition
| plant material from outside the stream |
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Term
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Definition
| plant material from inside the stream. usually in higher order streams. |
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Definition
| rivers that are disturbed by dams making them act like lower order streams. |
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Term
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Definition
| ecotone between river and upland, usually with a lot of trees |
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Term
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Definition
| ecotone between ground water and standing water. Place where benthic animals move. |
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Term
| Nutrient Export Locations |
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Definition
| Leaves and Ag lands and atmospheric deposition |
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Term
| Where Nutrients are stored (N and P) |
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Definition
Phosporous is stored in clay particles.
Nitrogen is dissolved as NO3- |
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Term
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Definition
| Photosynthetically Active Radiation which is within the visual spectrum |
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Term
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Definition
| varies with latitude, some is reflected off the water, some is absorbed by H2O, some is scattered |
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Term
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Definition
measure of light extinct at that depth
(100*Io/Iz)/Io) |
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Term
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Definition
| where photosynthesis is greater then respiration |
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Term
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Definition
| where respiration is greater then photosynthesis |
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Term
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Definition
| top layer of a stratified lake that contacts the air and mixes freely |
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Term
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Definition
| characterized by the thermocline which is a density difference |
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Term
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Definition
| in contact with the sediments, little mixing within the layer and colder |
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Term
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Definition
| Ice covered non-mixing with internal H2O movement |
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Term
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Definition
| Long periods of ice cover, wind mixing prevents stratification |
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Term
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Definition
| Stratify multiple times, shallow, ice in winter and open in the summer, mix because of high winds or nightly cooling |
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Term
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Definition
| no ice cover, shallow, mixes many times |
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Term
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Definition
| Mixes twice a year, isothermal in the spring and fall, entire lake mixes top to bottom, stratified in the summer |
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Term
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Definition
| Tropical, large and deep, mix once |
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Term
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Definition
| "partial mixing" however the bottom hardly ever mixes and is salty and anaerobic |
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Term
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Definition
| Dependent upon the wind, temperature and light penetration |
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Term
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Definition
| A smooth flow with a low Reynold's number |
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Term
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Definition
| Chaotic eddies with a high reynold's number |
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Term
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Definition
| Internal wave, usually seen in the thermocline |
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Term
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Definition
| Sum of all the dissolved ions, measured by conductance. Function of the catchment geology |
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Term
| Exchange of O2 between strata |
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Definition
| Almost no exchange unless there is eddy diffusity by turbulence |
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Term
| As temperature increases, dissolved oxygen |
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Definition
| decreases. As temperature decreases, dissolved oxygen increases. |
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Term
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Definition
| happens when the lake is covered in ice and there is no O2 from outside sources. All of the O2 is used up and then animals die |
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Term
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Definition
| When there is no DO below the thermocline and the epilimnion gets too hot |
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Term
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Definition
| Enrichment of a lake, Usually slowly over geological time (lake, wetland, meadow, forest) |
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Term
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Definition
| Phosporous involved is already in the basin and is being released into the water column |
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Term
| Microbes role in P release |
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Definition
| mainly responsible for P release through biotic processes or bioturbation |
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Term
| Remediation of Phosphorous |
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Definition
| abatement, divert, trap incoming, block internal release, aerate |
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Term
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Definition
| attached to sediments and plant stems |
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Term
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Definition
| volume of H2O filtered/unit time |
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Term
| Individual food threshold |
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Definition
| point where assimilation equals metabolic loss |
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Term
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Definition
| CaCO3 ions absorb onto clay particles and acid precipitation H+ ions replace Ca2+. This increases the acid neutralizing capacity of the lake |
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Term
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Definition
| in contact with the sediments, little mixing within the layer. cold. |
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Term
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Definition
| characterized by the thermocline where there is a temperature and density gradient |
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Term
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Definition
| top layer in a stratified lake, contacts air and mixes freely |
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Term
| How phytoplankton prevent sinking |
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Definition
| increasing surface to volume ratio with spines or shape |
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Term
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Definition
| Nanoplankton --> flagellates-->nutrients |
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Term
| Seasonal Biomass Cycles-winter |
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Definition
| low light, euphotic depth is shallow |
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Term
| seasonal biomass cycles-spring |
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Definition
| spring bloom of algae until clear phase of zoops, deeper euphotic zone, isothermal |
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Term
| seasonal biomass cycling- summer |
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Definition
| clear phase and then stratification |
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Term
| seasonal Biomass cycles- autumn |
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Definition
| possible second bloom from mixing, decrease in euphotic zone depth |
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Term
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Definition
| adding piscivores to a system to release zooplankton and reduce algae. Success dependent upon lake morphometry and predation |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| lyming of lakes to deal with acid precipitation |
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Term
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Definition
| rooted in sediment, grows around the edges of lakes and wetlands |
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Term
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Definition
1. evaporate/transpire by plants. 2. infiltrates the soil to the water table.
3. run off to the nearest stream or lake |
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Term
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Definition
| closed basin (Dead Sea, Great Salt Lake) |
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Term
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Definition
| river flow in and out (open basin) |
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Term
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Definition
| the depth at which respiration is equal to photosynthesis. |
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Term
| As temperature increases, dissolved oxygen |
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Definition
| decreases. As salinity increases, dissolved oxygen decreases |
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Term
| Ferric (Fe 3+) reduced form and P |
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Definition
| Phosphorous binds with reduced iron and precipitates out of the water column. Leads to internal loading and eutrophication |
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Term
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Definition
| aerobic to the bottom of the lake. Deep lakes with deep hypolimnian that act as phosphorous sinks. Little internal loading |
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Term
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Definition
| shallow lake with high phosphorous loading from the outside and a large algal biomass that releases PO4 3- as detritus |
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Term
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Definition
| flowing water systems (rivers and streams) |
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Term
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Definition
| Amount of food ingested/unit time. Feeding rates are dependent upon body size, food available and temperature |
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Term
| Ecosystem Services of Wetlands |
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Definition
| flood control, water purification, water storage |
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Term
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Definition
| Either near a volcano or surrounded by sphagnum moss bogs which perform an ion exchnage and secrete H+ |
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Term
| Things that Decrease Phytoplankton Sinking |
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Definition
| motility, turbulence, increased surface area, bubbles, store lipids |
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Term
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Definition
| 1. Predator and prey encounter one another 2. Predator recognizes the prey and attacks 3. Predator catches the prey 4. Predator ingests the prey |
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Term
| Probability of Encounter (pred of prey) |
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Definition
| Predators can actively search or be sit and wait predators that are either visual or tactile |
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Term
| Probability of Attack (pred of prey) |
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Definition
| function of behavior. learned responses of both |
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Term
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Definition
| function of prey contact and post contact (dead man response) |
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Term
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Definition
r= proportion in the environment p= proportion in the gut
-1= in the environment and not the gut
0= not selected (in environment and gut)
+1= in the gut and not the environment |
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Term
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Definition
| 1. Don't Move 2. Transparency 3. Diel Vertical Migration 4. Escape Reactions such as dead man, acceleration or indigestible |
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Term
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Definition
| Force moving parallel to a surface. In streams it rolls boulders and stirs up sediments |
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Term
| Stream Functional Feeding Groups |
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Definition
| shredders (bacteria and fungi), collectors (filter), Scrapers, Predators |
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