Term
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Definition
| sounds that substantially or totally obstruct airflow. Fricatives are always obstruents |
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Term
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Definition
| sounds that allow the air to flow freely. ex. nasal stops, taps, trills, approximants and VOWELS |
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Term
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Definition
| varying pitch to distinguish ex. statements from questions |
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Term
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Definition
| varying pitch to hear different lexical contrasts between vowels to distinguish words from each other. |
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Term
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Definition
all syllables have a nucleus, typically a vowel.
ex. the nucleus of {klonz] is [o] |
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Term
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Definition
follows the nucleus.
ex. coda of [klonz] is [nz] |
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Term
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Definition
| nucleus + coda (if there is a coda) |
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Term
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Definition
| any phones before the rime (aka the head) |
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Term
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Definition
| phonemes are capable of distinguishing two words in a given language ( p and k are lexically contrastive in English but not hawaiian) |
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Term
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Definition
| different words that are identical in all but one pair oh phones. Since the phones are all that distinguishes the two words, proves that they are different phonemes (paet and paek, so t and k are different phonemes) |
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Term
| ridiculously dissimilar phones |
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Definition
| always different phonemes (like h and p) |
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Term
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Definition
| two phones are allophones if the choice between the two sounds NEVER makes any different in the meaning of ANY word in the language. speakers may choose freely between the two (t and k in hawaiian) |
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Term
| Complementary Distribution |
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Definition
| Two phones are allophones of the same phoneme if they are used in two different phonetic environments. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| plosive first, fricative second |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of adding a grammatical morph to a word (ex. walkED) |
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Term
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Definition
| aka derivational affixes, can make a new part of speech and turns base into a new lexeme |
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