Term
Type I
Familial Hyperchylomicronemia |
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Definition
-massive fasting hyperchylomicronemia following normal dietary intake
-->high levels if TGs
-Deficiency in LPL or Apo CII(rare)--> an LPL activator
-symptoms: eruptive xanthomas, pancreatitis
-not assoc. with increased CHD
-treatment: low fat diet, no effective drug therapy |
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Term
Type IIA
Familial Hypercholesterolemia |
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Definition
- elevated LDL bc degradation blocked bc increased serum cholesterol
- normal VLDL
- genetic defect in synthesis/processing/function in LDL receptor
- ischemic heart disease greatly increased
- treatment: low cholesterol, saturated fat diet
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Term
Type IIB
Familial Combined Hyperlidpidemia |
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Definition
- similar to IIA except VLDL also increased bc elevated serum TG & cholesterol
- caused by hepatic overproduction of VLDL (common)
- treatment: low cholesterol,saturated fat & alcohol
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Term
Type III
Familial Dysbetalipoproteinemia |
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Definition
- serum IDL increase bc increased TG & cholesterol
- caused by overproduction/underutilization of IDL bc mutant ApoE that faciliate chylomicron & VLDL remnant uptake by liver
- symptoms: xanthomas, accelerated CHD, peripheral vascular disease develop by middle age
- treatment: weight loss, dietary restriction of cholesterol & alcohol, drug therapy with niacin & clofibrate/statin
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Term
Type IV
Familial Hypertriglyceridemia |
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Definition
- VLDL levels increased
- caused by overproduction and/or decreased removal of VLDL TGs in serum
- patients frequently obese, diabetic, hyperuricemic, undergoing estrogen therapy, pregnant, alcoholic
- common disease w/ few clinical manifestations other than accelerated CHD
- treatment: weight loss very important, dietary restriction of carbs, fat, and low alcohol
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