Term
|
Definition
Two-lobed pouch that houses the testes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Serve as a physical barrier to the environment - Regulate temperature - Move testes closer or away from the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Inner: Parietal tunic Outer: Visceral tunic |
|
|
Term
Tunica dartos = light pink; tunics are white. What do tunics allow for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Spermatic Cors Functions: |
|
Definition
- Functions primarily to suspend the testes - Extends from the inguinal ring to its attachments on the dorsal pole of the testis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Vas deferens (ductus deferens) - Cremaster Muscle - Pampiniform Plexus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Transport sperm to ejaculation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A striated muscle that raises the testis for short period of time during "flight or fight" moments |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A vasuclar network that plays an essential role in the thermoregulation of the testis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Male gonads that function to: produce male gametes (spermatozoa), and produce male hormones (androgens) - testosterone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Consists of the outer two layers (visceral vaginal tunic and tunica albuginia) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The region of the testes containing the seminiferous tubules and interstitial tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The testicular compartment that houses the seminifrous tubules. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Highly tortuous tubules within the testes that produce spermatazoa; consists of only two cell types, gametes and Sertoli cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Somatic cells that respond to the hormone FSH that function to govern spermatogenesis and produce a variety of hormones and materials |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The compartment of the testes that immediately surrounds the seminiferous tubules; consists of connective tissue, blood vessels, lymphatics, nerves, and Leydig cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Respond to the hormone LH to produce testosterone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
connective tissue core of the testes that houses the rete tubules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Tubules that transport spermatozoa (not yet motile) and fluid from the seminiferous tubules to the efferent ducts |
|
|
Term
Descent of the testes from the body cavity into the scrotum occurs during late gestation and is essential for the proper thermoregulation of the testes and development of the spermatozoa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Responsible for pulling the testis from the abdominal cavity, through the inguinal ring, and into the scrotum. |
|
|
Term
Cryptorchidism = highly heritable triat |
|
Definition
Failure of the testes (one or both) to descend |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
When one of the testis does not descent into the scrotum. The testis that descends into the scrotum is fertile; however, reduced sperm concentrations usually result. Descended testis overcompensates. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
When neither testis descends into the scrotum. This results in sterility due to the elevated temperature. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Everything not in the middle white area of the testis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Middle white area of the testis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Thermoregulation of the testis is essential for spermatogenesis. What temp do the testis need to be? |
|
|
Term
Pampiniform Plexus Tunica Dartos Sebaceous (or sweat) glands Thermosensory neurons |
|
Definition
Various structures in evolved in thermoregulation of the testes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Specialized venous plexus consisting of testicular vein that elaborately intertwines around the testicular arty in order to provide a consenter current heat exchange mechanism. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A layer of smooth muscle that controls contraction and relaxation of the scrotum - Contracts during period of cold temperatures to bring testes closer to the abdominal cavity - Relaxes during periods of hot temperature to increase the surface area for heat exchange |
|
|
Term
Sebaceous (or sweat) glands |
|
Definition
Secrete an oily substance onto the scrotum for an evaporative cooling system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Govern both the degree of scrotal sweating and the respiratory rate of the animal - An increase in scrotal temperature will result in increased respiration Note: Adipose tissue is not found in large animals around the testes; however, increased amounts of adipose tissue result in increased temperature of the testes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Process whereby spermatozoa are formed; occurs in the seminiferous tubules - The developing gametes are interacting directly with Sertoli cells throughout development. |
|
|
Term
Spermatagonia - most immature Spermacytes Spermatids - most mature |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The release of spermatids from the Sertoli cells in to the lumped of the seminiferous tubules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Head Neck Mid-piece Principle Piece End Piece |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Vas Efferens (efferent ducts) |
|
Definition
Ducts that connect the rete testis to the head of the epididymis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The duct connecting the vas efferens to the vas definers and serves as a concentration, transport, maturation, and storage site for spermatozoa - Head (caput) - Body (corpus) |
|
|
Term
Vas deferens (ductus deferens) |
|
Definition
The duct that connects the tail of the epididymis to the ampulla and transport sperm to the pelvic urethra |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A ligation of the vas deferens to prevent spermatozoa from entering the pelvic urethra |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The glands of the male reproductive system that surround the pelvic urethra and function to produce seminal plasma |
|
|
Term
Ampullae Vesicular Glands (seminal vesicles) Prostate Bulbourethral glands (Cowper's glands) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
* Site of fluid respiration (concentration of spermatozoa) - Not motile - Not fertile - Proximal cytoplasmic droplet - Low disulfide crosslinking |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
* Site of spermatozoa maturation -Some expression of motility after dilution - Some expression of fertility - Translocating cytoplasmic droplet - Moderate to high degree of disulfide cross linking - Can bind to oocyte |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
* Serves as a reservoir of spermatozoa - Expression of normal motility after dilution - Fertile potential - Distal Droplet - High degree of disulfide cross linking - Can bind to oocytes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Enlargements in the vas definers that open direct into the pelvic urethra - absent in boars |
|
|
Term
Vesicular glands (seminal vesicles) |
|
Definition
Function to secrete a large portion of the ejaculate in bulls and rams and a smaller portion of the ejaculate in boars and stallions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Secretes an alkaline fluid into the seminal plasma |
|
|
Term
Bulbourethral Glands (Cowper's Glands) |
|
Definition
Produces the gel fraction of boar and stallion seminal plasma - very prominent in boar. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Organ of copulation in male |
|
|
Term
Root (crus penis) Body or Shaft (corpus) Glans Penis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A cavernous erectile tissue making up a majority of the interior penile shaft that allows for an influx of blood during erection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The spongy erectile tissue directly surrounding the urethra and extends to the glans penis - Very prominent in stallion for belling of the glans penis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Penis that is corkscrew in shape to correlate with sow's corkscrew shaped cervix |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Penis that has a filirrom appendage, which sprays the inside of the female tract with semen during copulation to accommodate for a low ejaculate volume |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Penis known to bell out during erection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Composed of a fibrous elastic type tissue that extends in length to create an erection rather than in diameter - Bull, ram, and boar |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Engorges the Corpus Cavernous and corpus spongiosum with blood to cause the penis to grow in diameter when becoming erect - Stallion |
|
|
Term
Retractor Penis Ischiocavernosus Bulbospongiosus Urethralis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Is in a contracted state when an erection is not occurring and is in a related state during erection to allow for extension of the sigmoid flexure (in bull, ram, and boar) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Insterts on crus penis and is important in erection as it compresses crus penis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Overlaps root of penis and covers bulbourethral glands |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Encloses pelvic urethrea and covers bulbourethral glands |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Pendulous testicles - Epididymis is vertically and normally oriented - Fibroelastic penis - Sigomoid flexure is present |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Similar to bull exception of glans penis - Pendulous testicles - Epididymis is vertically and normally oriented - Firboelastic penis - Filiform appendage located on glans penis (due to low volume of sperm, but high concentration) - Sigmoid flexure present |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Non pendulous testicles - Epididymis is vertically oriented but inverted (tail is on top) - Fibroelastic penis - Glans penis is corkscrew shaped - Sigmoid flexure is present - Lacks ampullae but has prominent bulbourethral glands |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Non-pendulous testicles - Epididymis is horizontally oriented - Vascular Penis - No sigmoid flexure present |
|
|