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Definition
| A form of organization that seeks to maximize internal efficiency. |
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| An organizational form that emphasizes flexibility. |
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| A formal relationship created among independent organizations with the purpose of joint pursuit of mutual goals. |
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| An organization skilled at creating, acquiring, and transferring knowledge, and at modifying its behavior to reflect new knowledge and insights. |
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| High-Involvement-Organization |
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| A type of organization in which top management ensures that there is consensus about the direction in which the business is heading. |
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| Economies in which materials and processes employed in one product can be used to make other, related products. |
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| The planned elimination of positions or jobs. |
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| A successful effort to achieve an appropriate size at which the company performs most effectively. |
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| Loss of productivity and morale in employees who remain after downsizing. |
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| Customer Relationship Management |
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| A multifaceted process focusing on creating two-way exchanges with customers to foster intimate knowledge of their needs, wants, and buying patterns. |
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| The sequence of activities that flow from raw materials to the delivery of a good or service, with additional value created at each step. |
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| An integrative approach to management that supports that attainment of customer satisfaction through a wide variety of tools and techniques that result in high-quality goods and services. |
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| A series of quality standards developed by a committee working under the International Organization for Standardization to improve total quality in all businesses for the benefit of producers and consumers. |
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| The systematic application of scientific knowledge to a new product, process, or service. |
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| Technologies that produce goods and services in low volume. |
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| Technologies that produce goods and services in high volume. |
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| A process that is highly automated and has a continuous production flow. |
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| The production or varied, individually customized products at the low cost of standardized, mass-produced products. |
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| Computer-Integrated Manufacturing |
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Definition
| The use of computer-aided design and computer aided manufacturing to sequence and optimize a number of production processes. |
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| Manufacturing plants that have short production runs, are organized around products, and use decentralized scheduling. |
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| An operation that strives to achieve the highest possible productivity and total quality, by eliminating unnecessary steps in the production process and continually striving for improvement. |
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| Strategies aimed at reducing the total time needed time needed to deliver a good or service. |
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| The movement of the right goods in the right amount to the right place at the right time. |
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Definition
| A system that calls for sub-assemblies and components to be manufactured in very small lots and delivered to the next stage of the production process just as they are needed. |
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| A design approach in which all relevant functions cooperate jointly and continually in a maximum effort aimed at producing high-quality products that meet customer's needs. |
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