Term
| What are two characteristics of an ideal solution? |
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Definition
- Solute molecules are completely separated by solvent molecules such that no interaction occurs between them.
- Solute & solvent-similar size bonding properties & size
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Term
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Definition
| Weak intermolecular bonds between nonpolar molecules resulting from instantaneous dipole moments |
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Term
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Definition
| Compound that produces ion in aqueous solution |
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Term
| What are the three steps of the formation of solution? |
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Definition
- Breaking of intermolecular bonds between solute molecules
- Breaking of intermolecular bonds between solvent molecules
- Formation of intermolecular bonds between the solvent and solute molecules
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Term
| What is indicated by the heat of solution? |
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Definition
- Positive-weaker intermolecular bonds formed
- Negative-stronger intermolecular bonds formed
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Term
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Definition
| Pressure needed to bring liquid and gas phases of a compound to equilibrium |
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Term
| What is the difference between a volatile and nonvolatile solute? |
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Definition
- Nonvolatile solute-solute without vapor pressure
- Volatile solute-solute with vapor pressure
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Term
| How is vapor pressure tied to heat of solution? |
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Definition
- Negative-lower vapor pressure (stronger bonds)
- Positive-higher vapor pressure (weaker bonds)
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Term
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Definition
| Equilibrium constant of a solvation reaction |
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Term
| What factor affects the solubility product? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Maximum number of moles of the solute that can dissolve in solution |
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Term
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Definition
| Disturbance to equilibrium resulting from the addition of an ion in the equilibrium expression |
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Term
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Definition
- Chlorates
- Acetates
- Sulfates-except Ca, Ba, Sr (CBS)
- Halogens-except CBS + Hb, Ag, Pb (HAPpy)
- Nitrates
- Group IA metals
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Term
How does increasing temperature affect the solubility of salts and gases? |
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Definition
- Salt-increase
- Gases-decrease
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Term
| How do Raoult's Law and Henry's Law apply to an ideally dilute solution? |
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Definition
- Raoult's Law-describes solvent
- Henry's Law-describes solute
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