Term
| What are the five components of the basal ganglia? |
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Definition
1. Caudate (“tail”) nucleus
2. Putamen
3. Globus Pallidus
4. Substantia Nigra
5. Subthalamic nuclei |
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Term
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Definition
| Refers to the caudate nucleus and the putamen together |
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Term
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Definition
| Refers to the globus palidus and the putamen together |
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Term
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Definition
• basal nuclei do not send information directly to the spinal cord but correspond with the cerebral cortex
• selectively facilitates some movement and suppresses others
• compares commands for movements from precentral motor cortex (areas four and six) with proprioceptive feedback from the evolving movement
• involved in the initiation of internally generated movements |
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Term
| Huntington’s Disease symptoms |
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Definition
• severe choreiform movements
• decrease in muscle tone
• reflexes and sensations are unaffected
• athetosis
• progressive, inherited, onset 35-40 years, sometimes earlier |
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Term
| Cause of Huntington’s Disease |
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Definition
| • caused by atrophy of corpus striatum |
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Term
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Definition
| No control over motor movements, random and often continuous |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Parkinson’s Disease symptoms |
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Definition
• alternating (resting) tremor; “pill rolling”
• plastic rigidity, increase in tone in all muscles
• flexed posture because of increase in muscle tone
• difficulty moving (akinesia, hypokinesia)
• extreme cases lead to loss of movement and facial expression
• mask-like expression, absence of arm movements when walking
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Term
| What alleviates the symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease? |
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Definition
| • Large doses of dopamine |
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Term
| What are the causes of Parkinson’s Disease |
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Definition
| • caused by massive degeneration of substantia nigra, corpus striatum, frontal cortex |
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Term
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Definition
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