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mckenzie history vocab
vocab for midterms 2012
73
History
9th Grade
01/20/2012

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Term
Polis
Definition
A Greek city-state in ancient greece
Term
acropolis
Definition
marble structures on a hill for worshipping gods
Term
citizens
Definition
free resident of a city state
Term
monarchy
Definition
a government in which a hereditary ruler excercises certain power
Term
aristocracy
Definition
rule by a hereditary, landholding elite
Term
oligarchy
Definition
a form of government in which power is in the hands of a small and wealthy elite.
Term
Phalanx
Definition
a massive tactical formation of which daily life was ruled by military discipline
Term
Sparta
Definition
a city-state built by the Darians in which daily like was ruled by military discipline
Term
Athens
Definition
A greek city-state that moved slowly towards democracy
Term
democracy
Definition
government by the people
Term
tyrant
Definition
a ruler who gained power by force
Term
legislature
Definition
a lawmaking body
Term
alliance
Definition
formal agreement between two or more nations or powers to cooperate and come to one anothers defense
Term
pericles
Definition
athenian statesman
Term
stipend
Definition
a sum of money allotted on a regular basis;usually for some specific purpose
Term
jury
Definition
a body of citizens sworn to give a true verdict according to the evidence presented in court
Term
ostracism
Definition
the state of being banished or excluded from society by general consent
Term
Alexande the great
Definition
macedonian leader who conquered the persian empire and spread greek culture during the 300 BC
Term
Philip 2
Definition
Father of alexander the great. macedonian leader who conquered greece
Term
assassination
Definition
the murder of a public figure, usually for political reasons
Term
assimilate
Definition
absorb into another culture
Term
Alexandria
Definition
a dry in Egypt that stood at the heart of the Hellenistic world 
Term
Pythagora
Definition
a greek mathematician who derived a formula to calculate the relationship between the sides of a right triangle
Term
Heliocentric
Definition
sun centered
Term
archimedes
Definition
a hellenistic scientist who applied principles of physics to make practical inventions
Term
Hippocrates
Definition
a greek physician who studied the causes of illneses, looked for cures and had an oath attributed to him that set ethical standards for doctors
Term
philosopher
Definition
"lover of wisdom"
Term
logic
Definition
rational thinking
Term
Socrates
Definition
an Athenian stonemason and philosopher
Term
plato
Definition
One of socrates students 
Term
aristotle
Definition
platos most famous student who wrote about politics, ethics, logic and more
Term
mercodotus
Definition
"father of history". He retold ancient legends
Term
parthenon
Definition
a temple dedicated to the godess Athena
Term
tradegy
Definition
a play that told a story of human suffering.
Term
comedy
Definition
a humorous play that mocked people or customs
Term
imperialism
Definition
establishing control over foreign lands and people
Term
latifundia
Definition
huge farming estates
Term
tiberius gracchus
Definition
young plebian that was among the first to attempt reform
Term
gaius gracchus
Definition
young plebian that was among the first to attempt reform
Term
julius ceasar
Definition
amitious military commander
Term
augustus
Definition
exalted one
Term
census
Definition
pop. count
Term
Hadrian
Definition
codified roman law
Term
virgil
Definition
a roman poet who wrote Aeneid 
Term
Saturize
Definition
to make fun of
Term
mosiac
Definition
a picture made from chips of colored stone or glass
Term
engineering
Definition
the application of science and mathematics to develope useful structures and machines
Term
aqueducts
Definition
bridge like structures that carried water from the hills into roman cities
Term
plebians
Definition
the farmers and merchants and artisans who made up most of the pop.
Term
veto
Definition
to block laws
Term
tribunes
Definition
officials elected by the people
Term
dictator
Definition
ruler
Term
legion
Definition
basic military unit
Term
fuedalism
Definition
a loosely organized system of rule in which powerful local lords divided their landholding among lesser lords
Term
vessel
Definition
a lesser lord in the system of fuedalism
Term
fuedal contract
Definition
an exchange of pledges that created the political and economical relationship between lords and vassals
Term
knight
Definition
a mounted warrior
Term
fief
Definition
an estate
Term
tournament
Definition
A mock battle fought by knights 
Term
chivalry
Definition
a code of conduct adopted by knights
Term
manor
Definition
a lord's estate
Term
serf
Definition
peasant on manor
Term
messiah
Definition
anointed king sent by god
Term
apostles
Definition
a person sent forth
Term
Paul
Definition
a jew from asia minor
Term
martyrs
Definition
people who suffer or die for their beliefs
Term
constantine
Definition
an emperor of rome
Term
clergy
Definition
group of people who conduct christina services
Term
heresies
Definition
beliefs said to be contrary to official church teachings
Term
inflation
Definition
rapid rise of prices
Term
constantinople
Definition
a capitol
Term
huns
Definition
a nomadic people
Term
mercinaries
Definition
foreign soldiers
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