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Med Terminology
n/a
328
Medical
Undergraduate 1
09/08/2012

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Term
Arthr
Definition
joint
Term
hepat
Definition
liver
Term
ven
Definition
vein
Term
oste
Definition
bone
Term
intra
Definition
within
Term
sub
Definition
under
Term
itis
Definition
inflammation
Term
ic
Definition
pertaining to
Term
pathy
Definition
disease
Term
megaly
Definition
enlargement
Term
cell
Definition
basic unit of all living things. the human body is composed of trillions of cells, which vary in size and shape according to function
Term
cell membrane
Definition
forms th eboundary of the cell
Term
cytoplasm
Definition
gel-like fluid inside the cell
Term
nucleus
Definition
largest structure withing the cell , usally spherical and centrally located , it contains chromosomes for cellular repoduction and is the control center of the cell.
Term
chromosomes
Definition
located in the nucleus of the cell. there are 46 chromosomes in all normal human cells, with the exception of mature sex cells, which have 23.
Term
genes
Definition
regions withing the chromosome. several thousand determine hereditary characteristics.
Term
DNA(deoxyribonucleic acid)
Definition
comprises each gene; is a chemical that regulates the activities of the cell
Term
tissue
Definition
group of similar cells that performs a specific task
Term
muscle tissue
Definition
composed of cells that have a special ability to contract , usally producing movement
Term
nervous tissue
Definition
found in the nerves , spinal cord, and brain. it is responsible for coordinating and controlling body activities
Term
connective tissue
Definition
connects , supports , penetrates, and encases various body structures. adipose tissue(fat),oseous(bone) tissue, and blood are type of connective tissue
Term
epithelial tissue
Definition
the major covering of the external surface of the body; forms membranes that line the body cavities and organs and is the major tissue in glands
Term
organ
Definition
2 or more kinds of tissues that together perform special body functions. for example, the skin is an organ composed of epitheal, connective,muscle, and nerve tissue.
Term
system
Definition
group of organs that work together to perform complex body functions. for ex: the cardiovascular sys consist of heart , blood vessels and blood. its function is to transport nutrients and oxygen to the cells and remove co2 and other waste
Term
aden/o
Definition
gland
Term
cyt/o
Definition
cell
Term
epitheli/o
Definition
epithelium
Term
fibr/o
Definition
fiber
Term
hist/o
Definition
tissue
Term
kary/o
Definition
nucleus
Term
lip/o
Definition
fat
Term
my/o
Definition
muscle
Term
neur/o
Definition
nerve
Term
organ/o
Definition
organ
Term
sarc/o
Definition
flesh,connective tissue
Term
system/o
Definition
system
Term
viscer/o
Definition
internal organs
Term
chlor/o
Definition
green
Term
chrom/o
Definition
color
Term
cyan/o
Definition
blue
Term
erythr/o
Definition
red
Term
leuk/o
Definition
white
Term
melan/o
Definition
black
Term
xanth/o
Definition
yellow
Term
dia
Definition
through , complete
Term
dys
Definition
painful,abnormal,difficult,labored
Term
hyper
Definition
above,excesive
Term
hypo
Definition
below,incomplete,deficient
Term
meta
Definition
after,beyond,change
Term
neo
Definition
new
Term
pro
Definition
before
Term
al,ic,ous
Definition
pertaining to
Term
cyte
Definition
cell
Term
gen
Definition
substance or agent that produces or causes
Term
genisis
Definition
origin,cause
Term
genic
Definition
producing,originating,causing
Term
logist
Definition
one who studies and treats(specialist,physician)
Term
logy
Definition
study of
Term
oid
Definition
resembling , like
Term
osis
Definition
abnormal condition(means increase when used with blood cell word roots)
Term
pathy
Definition
disease
Term
plasia
Definition
condition of formation,development,growth
Term
plasm
Definition
growth , substance, formation
Term
sarcoma
Definition
malignant tumor
Term
sis
Definition
state of
Term
stasis
Definition
control,stop,standing
Term
adenocarcinoma
Definition
cancerous tumor of glandular tissue
Term
adenoma
Definition
tumor composed of glandular tissue
Term
carcinoma(Ca)
Definition
cancerous tumor(malignant)
Term
chloroma
Definition
tumor of green color(malignant,arising from myeloid tisue)
Term
epithelioma
Definition
tumor composed of epithelium(may be benign or malignant)
Term
fibroma
Definition
tumor composed of fiber(fibrous tissue)
Term
fibrosarcoma
Definition
malignant tumor composed of fiber(fibrous tissue)
Term
leiomyoma
Definition
tumor composed of smooth muscle(benign)
Term
leiomyosarcoma
Definition
malignant tumor of smooth muscle
Term
lipoma
Definition
tumor composed of fat(benign tumor)
Term
liposarcoma
Definition
malignant tumor of fat
Term
melanocarcinoma
Definition
cancerous black tumor(malignant)
Term
melanoma
Definition
black tumor(primarily of the skin)
Term
myoma
Definition
tumor composed of muscle(benign)
Term
neoplasm
Definition
new growth(of abnormal tissue or tumor)
Term
neuroma
Definition
tumor composed of nerve(benign)
Term
rhabdomyoma
Definition
tumor composed of striated muscle(benign)
Term
rhabdomyosarcoma
Definition
malignant tumor of striated
Term
sarcoma
Definition
tumor of connectivee tissue(such as bone or cartilage)(highly malignant)
Term
cytogenic
Definition
producing cells
Term
cytoid
Definition
resembling a cell
Term
cytology
Definition
study of cells
Term
cytoplasm
Definition
cell substance
Term
dysplasia
Definition
abnormal development
Term
epithelial
Definition
pertaining to epithelium
Term
erythrocyte
Definition
red blood cell
Term
erythrocytosis
Definition
increase in the number of red blood cells
Term
histology
Definition
study of tissue
Term
hyperplasia
Definition
excessive development (number of cells)
Term
hypoplasia
Definition
incomplete development (of an organ or tissue)
Term
karyocyte
Definition
cell with a nucleus
Term
karyoplasm
Definition
substance of a nucleus
Term
leukocyte
Definition
white blood cell
Term
leukocytosis
Definition
increase in number of white blood cell
Term
lipoid
Definition
resembling fat
Term
myopathy
Definition
disease of the muscle
Term
neuroid
Definition
resembling a nerve
Term
somatic
Definition
pertaining to the body
Term
somatogenic
Definition
originating in the body(organic as opposed to psychologic)
Term
somatopathy
Definition
disease of the body
Term
somatoplasm
Definition
body substance
Term
systemic
Definition
pertaining to a (body) system(or the body as a whole)
Term
visceral
Definition
pertaining to the internal organs
Term
cancerous
Definition
pertaing to cancer
Term
carcinogen
Definition
substance that causes cancer
Term
carcinogenic
Definition
producing cancer
Term
carcinogenic
Definition
producing cancer
Term
cyanosis
Definition
abnormal condition of blue(bluish discoloration of the skin caused by inadequate supple of oxygen in the blood)
Term
diagnosis(Dx)
Definition
state of complete knowledge(identifying a disease)
Term
etiology
Definition
study of causes(of disease)
Term
iatrogenic
Definition
produced by a physician( the unexpected results from a treatment prescribed by a physician)
Term
iatrology
Definition
study of medicine
Term
metastasis(mets)
Definition
beyond control (transfer of disease from one organ to another, as in the transfer of malignant tumors)
Term
neopathy
Definition
new disease
Term
oncogenic
Definition
causing tumors
Term
oncologist
Definition
a physician who studies and treats tumors
Term
oncology
Definition
study of tumors ( malignant tumors)
Term
pathogenic
Definition
producing disease
Term
pathologist
Definition
physician who studies diseases ( examines biopsies and performs autopsies to determine the cause of disease or death)
Term
pathology
Definition
study of disease( cause of disease and death)
Term
prognosis(Px)
Definition
state of before knowlege(prediction of outcome of disease)
Term
xanthochromic
Definition
pertaining to the color yellow
Term
xanthosis
Definition
abnormal condition of yellow (discoloration)
Term
benign
Definition
not malignant, nonrecurrent, recoverable
Term
carcinoma in situ
Definition
cancer in the early stage before invading surrounding tissue
Term
chemotherapy(chemo)
Definition
treatment of cancer with drugs
Term
encapsulated
Definition
enclosed in a capsule , as with benign tumors exacerbation- increase in the severity of a disease or its symptoms
Term
idiopathic
Definition
pertaining to a disease of unkown origin
Term
inflammation
Definition
response to injury or destruction of tissue characterized by redness,swelling,heat and pain
Term
in vitro
Definition
withing a glass,observable within a test tube
Term
in vivo
Definition
within the living body
Term
malignant
Definition
tening to become progresively worse and to cause death , as in cancer
Term
radiation therapy (XRT)
Definition
cancer treament with radiation , radiation
Term
remission
Definition
improvement or absence of signs of disease
Term
Ca
Definition
carcinoma
Term
chemo
Definition
chemotherapy
Term
Dx
Definition
diagnosis
Term
mets
Definition
metastasis
Term
Px
Definition
prognosis
Term
RBC
Definition
red blood cell
Term
XRT
Definition
radiation therapy
Term
WBC
Definition
white blood cell
Term
anter/o
Definition
front
Term
caud/o
Definition
tail downward
Term
cephal/o
Definition
head (upward)
Term
dist/o
Definition
away(from the point of attachment of a body part)
Term
dors/o
Definition
back
Term
infer/o
Definition
below
Term
later/o
Definition
side
Term
medial
Definition
middle
Term
poster/o
Definition
back , behind
Term
proxim/o
Definition
near(the point of attachment of a body part)
Term
super/o
Definition
above
Term
ventr/o
Definition
belly(front)
Term
bi
Definition
two
Term
uni
Definition
one
Term
ad toward
Definition
Term
ior
Definition
pertaining to
Term
caudad
Definition
toward the tail (downward)
Term
cephalad
Definition
toward the head (upward)
Term
lateral(lat)
Definition
pertaining to side
Term
medial(med)
Definition
pertaing to middle
Term
unilateral
Definition
pertaining to one side (only)
Term
bilateral
Definition
pertaining to two sides
Term
mediolateral
Definition
pertaining to the middle and to the side
Term
distal
Definition
pertaining to away(from the point of attachment of a body part)
Term
proximal
Definition
pertaining to near(to the point of attachment of a body part)
Term
inferior(inf)
Definition
pertaining to below
Term
superior(sup)
Definition
pertaining to above
Term
caudal
Definition
pertaining to the tail ( similar to inferior in most instances related to human anatomy)
Term
cephalic
Definition
pertaining to the head
Term
anterior(ant)
Definition
pertaining to the front
Term
posterior
Definition
pertaing to the back
Term
dorsal
Definition
pertaining to the back
Term
ventral
Definition
pertaining to the belly(front)
Term
anteroposterior(AP)
Definition
pertaining to the front and to the back
Term
posteroanterior(PA)
Definition
pertaining to the back and to the front
Term
frontal or coronal
Definition
vertical field passing throught the body from front to back , dividing the body into right and left sides
Term
midsagittal
Definition
divides the body into right and left halves
Term
transverse
Definition
horizontal field dividing the body into upper and lower portions
Term
umbilical region
Definition
around the navel
Term
epigastric region
Definition
above the umbilical region
Term
hypogastric region
Definition
below the umbilical region
Term
hypochondriac regions
Definition
to the right and left of the epigastric region
Term
lumbar regions
Definition
to the right and left of the umbilical region
Term
illiac regions
Definition
right and left of the hypogastric regions
Term
RUQ
Definition
(r)lobe of liver,gallbladder,part of pancreas,right kidney, portions of sm & lg intestine
Term
LUQ
Definition
Left lobe of liver, stomach , spleen, part pancrease, left kidney and portion of sm & lg intestines
Term
RLQ
Definition
appendix, R ureter , r ovary uterine tube or R spermatic duct and sm & lg intestines
Term
LLQ
Definition
L ureter , L ovary uterine tube or L spermatic duct sm & lg intestines
Term
ant
Definition
anterior
Term
AP
Definition
anteroposterior
Term
inf
Definition
inferior
Term
lat
Definition
lateral
Term
PA
Definition
posteroanterior
Term
sup
Definition
superior
Term
med
Definition
medial
Term
Eti/o
Definition
cause (of disease)
Term
latr/o
Definition
physician,medicine(also means treatment)
Term
Lei/o
Definition
smooth
Term
dys
Definition
painful,abnormal,difficult,labored
Term
Meta
Definition
after,beyond,change
Term
pro
Definition
before
Term
oma
Definition
tumor,swelling
Term
plasia
Definition
condition of formation,development , growth
Term
genic
Definition
producing,originating,causing
Term
viscer/o
Definition
internal organs
Term
sarc/o
Definition
flesh,connective tissue
Term
aden/o
Definition
gland
Term
stasis
Definition
control , stop, standing
Term
sis
Definition
state of
Term
osis
Definition
abnormal condition
Term
pathy
Definition
disease
Term
dist/o
Definition
away(from point of attachment)
Term
logy
Definition
study of
Term
logist
Definition
one who studies and treats ( specialist physcian)
Term
dors/o
Definition
back
Term
caud/o
Definition
tail (downward)
Term
sarcoma
Definition
malignant tumor
Term
anter/o
Definition
front
Term
ventr/o
Definition
belly (front)
Term
bi
Definition
two
Term
super/o
Definition
above
Term
proxim/o
Definition
near(closest point of attachment)
Term
medi/o
Definition
middle
Term
infer/o
Definition
below
Term
poster/o
Definition
back , behind
Term
later/o
Definition
side
Term
ior
Definition
pertaining to
Term
ad
Definition
toward
Term
cephal/o
Definition
head upward
Term
uni
Definition
one
Term
system/o
Definition
system
Term
cyt/o
Definition
cell
Term
neur/o
Definition
nerve
Term
fibr/o
Definition
fiber
Term
epitheli/o
Definition
epithelium
Term
kary/o
Definition
nucleus
Term
hist/o
Definition
tissue
Term
lip/o
Definition
fat
Term
my/o
Definition
muscle
Term
organ/o
Definition
organ
Term
Gno/o
Definition
knowledge
Term
cancer/o carcin/o
Definition
cancer
Term
onc/o
Definition
tumor,mass
Term
path/o
Definition
disease
Term
somat/o
Definition
body
Term
cyan/o
Definition
blue
Term
erythr/o
Definition
red
Term
melan/o
Definition
black
Term
leuk/o
Definition
white
Term
xanth/o
Definition
yellow
Term
dia
Definition
through complete
Term
hyper
Definition
above , excess
Term
hypo
Definition
below , incomplete, deficient
Term
gen
Definition
substance or agent that produces or causes
Term
cyte
Definition
cell
Term
al,ic,ous
Definition
pertaining to
Term
neo
Definition
new
Term
plasm
Definition
growth , substance , formation
Term
oid
Definition
like ressembling
Term
rhabd/o
Definition
rod-shaped , striated
Term
chlor/o
Definition
green
Term
DNR
Definition
do not resuscitate
Term
Ad lib
Definition
Abbreviation for the Latin "ad libitum" meaning "at pleasure" and "at one's pleasure, as much as one desires, to the full extent of one's wishes." Sometimes seen on a prescription or doctor's order. For example, during an overnight fast when the patient is not to eat any food but can have water, the doctor's order might read: "Water ad lib" (water as desired).
Term
A-P
Definition
Anterior and Posterior
Term
b.i.d.
Definition
bis in die (twice a day)
Term
BM
Definition
bowel movement;
Term
bpm
Definition
beats per minute
Term
BP
Definition
blood pressure
Term
c/o
Definition
care of , complain of
Term
DOB
Definition
date of birth
Term
gtt
Definition
glucose tolerance test - test of the body's ability to metabolize carbohydrates; used in the diagnosis of hypoglycemia and diabetes mellitus
Term
GU
Definition
of or related to the genital and urinary organs or their functions; "genitourinary infections"
Term
HCT
Definition
Hematocrit, a measure of the proportion of blood volume that is occupied by red blood cells
Term
HGB
Definition
Hemoglobin on a blood test.
Term
HTN
Definition
Hypertension
Term
Hx
Definition
medical history
Term
i&O
Definition
inputs and outputs
intake and outputs
Term
IM
Definition
intramuscular
Term
kg
Definition
kilogram
Term
lb
Definition
pound
Term
LE
Definition
lower extremity (human leg)
Term
LLE
Definition
left lower extremity
Term
LLL
Definition
left lower lobe
Term
lmp
Definition
last menstrual period—first day of the menstrual period prior to conceiving, used to calculate expected date of delivery (EDD
Term
LOC
Definition
loss of consciousness (see unconsciousness)
level of consciousness (e.g., "altered LOC from head trauma")
Term
LUE
Definition
left upper extremity
Term
LUL
Definition
left upper lobe (of lung)
Term
MDI
Definition
metered dose inhaler
Term
mEq
Definition
milliequivalents (mEq or meq), the prefix milli denoting that the measure is divided by 1000
Term
MVA
Definition
motor vehicle accident
Term
NKA
Definition
no known allergies
Term
Noct.
Definition
nocturnal , give at night
Term
NPO
Definition
(nothing by mouth)
Term
OOB
Definition
out of bed
Term
OR
Definition
operating room (aka operating theatre)
odds ratio
Term
O.S.
Definition
L eye
Term
otc
Definition
over the counter drugs
Term
P
Definition
pulse
Term
PCA
Definition
patient-controlled analgesia
Term
PICC
Definition
peripherally inserted central catheter
Term
PMH
Definition
past medical history
Term
post.
Definition
posterior
Term
p.o.
Definition
by mouth, that is, orally
Term
p.r.
Definition
per rectum
Term
Prn
Definition
as necessary (from Latin pro re nata) (if used in chronic pain control, sometimes disparagingly termed "pain relief nil")
as needed
Term
Pt.
Definition
patient
Term
q
Definition
each, every
Term
ROM
Definition
range of motion
Term
s
Definition
without ?
Term
SOB
Definition
shortness of breath
Term
stat
Definition
immediately
Term
sx
Definition
surgery symptoms
Term
T
Definition
thoracic vertebrae
Term
R
Definition
calculated unit representing vascular resistance in the cardiovascular system
Term
t.i.d.
Definition
three times a day
Term
tx
Definition
therapy
transplant
treatment
Term
UA
Definition
urinalysis
unstable angina
Term
URI
Definition
upper respiratory infection
Term
WNL
Definition
within normal limits (also: we never looked)
Term
wt.
Definition
weight
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