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Medical Terminology ch 6
chapter 6 test 2
121
Medical
Undergraduate 2
03/02/2009

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Term
a-
Definition
without
Term
dys-
Definition
bad/abnormal
Term
hemi-
Definition
one-half
Term
hydro-
Definition
water
Term
pan-
Definition
all, entire
Term
para-
Definition
near alongside
Term
alges
Definition
pain
Term
astheni
Definition
weakness
Term
cephal
Definition
head
Term
cerebell
Definition
little brain
Term
cerebr
Definition
brain
Term
crani
Definition
skull
Term
dur
Definition
hard
Term
embol
Definition
a throwing in
Term
encephal
Definition
brain
Term
esthesi
Definition
sensation perception
Term
gangli
Definition
knot, swelling
Term
gli
Definition
glue
Term
gnos
Definition
knowledge
Term
lys
Definition
break apart, disillusion
Term
mening
Definition
membrane, meninges
Term
ment
Definition
the mind
Term
myel
Definition
spinal chord, bone marrow, medulla, myelin sheath
Term
neur
Definition
synew, chord
Term
phas
Definition
speech
Term
radic
Definition
nerve root
Term
somat
Definition
the body
Term
thalum
Definition
inner chamber
Term
algia
Definition
pain
Term
asthenia
Definition
weakness
Term
-cele
Definition
swelling or hernia
Term
-gram
Definition
recording
Term
-iatry
Definition
treatment, specialty
Term
-lepsy
Definition
seisure
Term
-oid
Definition
resemblance to
Term
-paresis
Definition
slight paralysis
Term
-phagia
Definition
eating
Term
-phasia
Definition
speaking
Term
-plegia
Definition
paralysis
Term
-arachn
Definition
spider
Term
afferent nerves
Definition
nerves that carry impulses toward the sensory nerves
Term
efferent nerves
Definition
away from the sensory nerves
Term
dura mater
Definition
outter meninx
Term
medulla
Definition
the lower part of brain stem that transmits nerve impulses and regulates breathing rhythms
Term
PNS
Definition
main division of nervous system
Term
pia mater
Definition
the inner most meninx, very thin membrane that adheres to surface
Term
pia mater
Definition
inner most meninx. very thin membrane that adheres to the surface of the brain and spinal chord
Term
pons
Definition
the upper part of brain stem that connects medulla and cerebellum
Term
synpase
Definition
tiny gap between axon of one neuron and dendrite of other or cell body of another
Term
ventricle
Definition
membrane enclosed cavities within the brain through which flows cerebral spinal fluid
Term
phasia
Definition
inability to speak
Term
cephalalgia
Definition
pain of the cephal
Term
disphagia
Definition
difficulty speaking
Term
hyperesthesia
Definition
increases sensitivity to a sensation such as touch or pain
Term
neuralgia
Definition
pain in the nerves
Term
neurasthenia
Definition
vague condition of body fatigue often associated with depression
Term
parasthenia
Definition
abnormal sensation, numbness and tingling without an objective cause
Term
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Definition
progressive atrophy of muscle development caused by hardening of nervous tissue on the lateral column of the spinal chord, lou gehrig's disease
Term
cerebellitis
Definition
inflammation of the cerebellum
Term
cerebral annurism
Definition
blood vessel supplying the brain becomes dialated
Term
cerebral atherosclerosis
Definition
build up of flatty plaque on inside wall of the vessel supplying the brain results in reduced blood flow
Term
cerebral embolism
Definition
presence of floating blood clot in vessel supplying the brain
Term
cerebral paulsey
Definition
partial muscle paralysis caused by brain lesion or defect present at birth
Term
cerebral thrombosis
Definition
thrombosis within a vessel supplying the brain. lodged blood clot
Term
cerebra vascular accident
Definition
caused by thrombosis, embolism, or hemorrage, this disrution of blood supply to brain results in functional loss or death, stroke
Term
coma
Definition
a general term describing several levels of decreased consciousness.
Term
dementia
Definition
literally not in the mind, mental impairment characterized by memory loss, disorientation and confusion
Term
duritis
Definition
inflammation of the dura mater
Term
encephalitis
Definition
inflammation of the brain by bacterial or viral infection
Term
encephelomalasia
Definition
softening of the brain tissue caused by decreased blood flow
Term
epilepsy
Definition
brain disorder characterized by recurrent seizures
Term
ganglitis
Definition
inflammation of the ganglion
Term
glioma
Definition
a tumor of neuroglial cells
Term
hemiplasia
Definition
paralysis of one side of the body
Term
hydrocephalus
Definition
increased CSF in the brain ventricles of a child before cranial sutures are sealed causing enlargement of the brain
Term
meningioma
Definition
benign tumor of the meninges
Term
meningitis
Definition
inflammation of the meninges caused by bacterial or viral
Term
meningocele
Definition
protrusion of the meninges through an opening caused by an opening in the skull of the spinal column
Term
meningomyelocele
Definition
protrusion of the meninges through the spinal cord and the spinal column
Term
monoplegia
Definition
paralysis of one limb
Term
multiple sclerosis
Definition
deterioration of myelin sheath covering axons in the brain exhibited by episodes of localized functional losses
Term
myelitis
Definition
inflammation of the spinal cord
Term
myel
Definition
spinal cord
Term
narcolepsy
Definition
sleep disorder characterized by sudden uncontrollable attacks of sleep, paralysis, and hyynogongic hallucinations.
Term
narc
Definition
numbness
Term
neuritis
Definition
inflammation of a nerve
Term
neuroarthropathy
Definition
disease resulting in pain in one or more joints
Term
neuroma
Definition
any tumor originating from nervous tissue
Term
nerosis
Definition
emotional disorder involving a counterproductive way of dealing with stress.
Term
palsy
Definition
paralysis of localized areas
Term
paraplegia
Definition
paralysis from the waist down
Term
parkinson's disease
Definition
chronic degenerative disease of the brain indicated by hand tremors rigidity, expressionless face and shuffling gait
Term
poliomyelitis
Definition
inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord cased by one of several of the polio viruses that often lead to paralysis
Term
polyneuritis
Definition
inflammation of many nerves at once
Term
psychopathy
Definition
a disease of the mind
Term
psychosis
Definition
an incapacitating disease mental disorder indicated by a gross disorder of emotions.
Term
psycosomatic
Definition
pertaining to both the mind and the body
Term
quadraplegia
Definition
paralysis of all four limbs
Term
ridiculitis
Definition
inflammation of the spinal nerve roots
Term
ridiculopathy
Definition
disease of the nerve or spinal nerve roots
Term
sciatica
Definition
inflammation of the sciatic nerve producing pain that extends from the thigh to the toes
Term
shingles
Definition
viral infection of the peripheral nerves that erupts as painful skin blisters
Term
syncope
Definition
fainting usually caused by sudden loss of blood to the brain
Term
transient eschemic attack
Definition
a brief episode of loss of blood flow to the brain that results in the temporary loss of function and proceeds a CVA
Term
analgesic
Definition
an angent that relieves pain
Term
anesthesia
Definition
without feeling or sensation
Term
cerebral angiography
Definition
x-ray photograph of blood vessels in the brain taken after the addition of a contrast dye.
Term
computer tomography
Definition
CT scan
Term
craniectomy
Definition
incision of part of the skull to approach the brain
Term
craniotomy
Definition
incision into the skull
Term
ecoincephalography
Definition
use of ultrasound to record brain structures
Term
ganglionectomy
Definition
excision of ganglion
Term
lumbar puncture
Definition
aspiration of CSF for analysis
Term
myelogram
Definition
x-ray photograph of the spinal cord
Term
neurectomy
Definition
excision of a nerve
Term
neurology
Definition
study of nervous system
Term
neurolysis
Definition
separating a nerve by removing adhesions
Term
neurorrhaphy
Definition
suture of a nerve
Term
neurotomy
Definition
incision into a nerve
Term
ridicotomy
Definition
incision into a nerve root
Term
subdural
Definition
pertaining to below the dura mater
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