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Medical Terminology Root Words
Definitions for root words in medical terminology
52
Other
Undergraduate 2
04/28/2010

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Term
dermatos
Definition

skin

 

dermat/tis: inflammation of the skin

Term
nephros
Definition

kidney

 

nephr/oma: tumor of the kidney

Term
stoma
Definition

mouth

 

stomat/o/pathy: any disease of the mouth

Term
cutis
Definition

skin

 

sub/cutane/ous: beneath the skin

Term
oris
Definition

mouth

 

or/al: pertaining to the mouth

Term
renes
Definition

kidney

 

ren/al: pertains to the kidney

Term
cyt/o
Definition

cell

 

cyt/o/logist: specialist in the study of the structure, function, and formation of cells.

Term
hist/o
Definition

tissue

 

hist/o/logy: study of microscopic structures of tissues

Term
nucle/o
Definition

nucleus

 

nucle/ar: pertaining to the nucleus

Term
kary/o
Definition

nucleus

 

kary/o/lysis:  destruction of the nucleus resulting in cell death

 

Term
anter/o
Definition

anterior, front

 

anter/ior:  pertaining to the front of the body, organ, or stucture

Term
caud/o
Definition

tail

 

caud/ad: toward the tail; in a posterior direction

Term
crani/o
Definition

cranium (skull)

 

crani/al: pertaining to the cranium

Term
dist/o
Definition

far, farthest

 

dist/al: pertaining to a point further from the center (trunk of the body) or from the point of attachment

Term
dors/o
Definition

back (of body)

 

dors/al:pertaining to the back of the body

Term
infer/o
Definition

lower, below

 

infer/ior: pertaining to the undersurface of a structure; underneath, beneath

Term
later/o
Definition

side

 

later/al: pertaining to a side

Term
medi/o
Definition

middle

 

medi/al: toward the middle or center

Term
poster/o
Definition

back (of body); behind, posterior

 

poster/ior: pertaining to the back of the body

Term
proxim/o
Definition

near, nearest

 

proxim/al: nearer to the center (trunk of the body) or to the point of attachment to the body

Term
ventr/o
Definition

belly, belly side

 

ventr/al:  pertaining to the belly side or front of the body

Term
abdomin/o
Definition

abdomen

 

abdomin/al: pretaining to the abdomen

Term
cervic/o
Definition

neck; cervix uteri (neck of the uterus)

 

cervic/al: pertaining to the neck

Term
gastr/o
Definition

stomach

 

hypo/gastr/ic:  pertaining to beneath or below the stomach

Term
ili/o
Definition

illium (lateral, flarring portion of the hip bone)

 

ili/al: pertaining to the ilium

Term
inguin/o
Definition

groin

 

inguin/al:  pertaining to the groin, the depression located between the thigh and trunk

Term
lumb/o
Definition

loins, lower back

 

lumb/ar: pertaining to the loins, the lower back

Term
umbilic/o
Definition

navel

 

umbilic/al:  pertaining to the naval region

Term

pelv/i

 

pelv/o

Definition

pelvis

 

pelv/i/meter: instrument for measuring the perlvis

 

pelv/ic: pertaining to the pelvis

Term
spin/o
Definition
spine
Term
thorac/o
Definition
chest
Term
albin/o
Definition

white

 

albin/ism: partial or total lack of pigment in skin, hair, and eyes

Term
leuk/o
Definition

white

 

leuk/o/cyte: white blood cell

Term
chlor/o
Definition

greem

 

chlor/opia: disorder in which viewed objects appear green

 

Term
chrom/o
Definition

color

 

hetero/chrom/ic: having different colors, especially of the iris or sections of the iris of both eyes

Term
cirrh/o
Definition

yellow

 

cirrh/osis: abnormal yellowing, especially of skin and mucous membranes

Term
jaund/o
Definition

yellow

 

jaund/ice: yellow discoloration of the skin, mucous membrane, and sclera of the eye

Term
xantho/o
Definition

yellow

 

xanth/o/cyte: cell containing yellow pigment

Term
cyan/o
Definition

blue

 

cyan/o/tic:  pertaining to bluesness, especially of the skin and mucous membranes

Term
erythr/o
Definition

red

 

erythr/o/cyte: red blood cell

Term
melan/o
Definition

black

 

melan/oma:  malignant tumor of the melanocytes

Term
acr/o
Definition
extremity

acr/o/cyan/osis: blueness of the extremities
Term
eti/o
Definition
cause

eti/o/logy: study of the causes of disease
Term
fasci/o
Definition
band, fascia (fibrous membrane supporting and separating muscles
Term
idi/o
Definition
unknown, peculiar

idi/o/path/ic: pertaining to conditions without clear pathogenesis, or disease without recognizable cause
Term
morph/o
Definition
form, shape, structure

morph/o/logy: study of form, shape, and structure, especially of cells
Term
path/o
Definition
disease

path/o/logist: physician specializing in examining tissues, cells, and body fluids for evidence of disease.
Term
radi/o
Definition
radiation, x-ray; radius

radi/o/logist: physician specializing in imaging techniques for diagnosis and treatment of disease
Term
somat/o
Definition
body

somat/ic: pertaining to the body
Term
son/o
Definition
sound

son/o/graphy: process of recording an image or photograph of an organ or tissue using ultrasound
Term
viscer/o
Definition
internal organs

viscer/al: pertaining to the viscera, or internal organs, in the abdominal cavity
Term
xer/o
Definition
dry

xerosis: abnormal dryness of the skin, mucous membransm, or conjunctiva
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