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Medical terminology
main terms for meical terminology final
196
Medical
Undergraduate 3
12/12/2011

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Term
pulmonary parechyma consists of
Definition
alveoli and bronchioles
Term
P in DPT stands for
Definition
Pertussis
Term
pertussis-DEFINE
Definition
Pertussis is a highly contagious bacterial disease that causes uncontrollable, violent coughing
Term
pulmonary abscess
Definition
localized area of pus formation in the lungs
Term
pleural effusion
Definition
A pleural effusion is a buildup of fluid between the layers of tissue that line the lungs and chest cavit
Term
Adenoids
Definition
are a mass of lymphoid tissue situated posterior to the nasal cavity, in the roof of the nasopharynx, where the nose blends into the throat.
Term
Hemoptysis
Definition
coughing up blood
Term
Atelectasis
Definition
collapsed lung
Term
thoracotomy
Definition
incision into the pleural space of the chest
Term
Tracheoesophageal fistula
Definition
is a disorder of the digestive system in which the esophagus does not develop properly
Term
Phren/o means
Definition
Diaphragm
Term
Anosmia
Definition
lack of function in olfaction. cant smell right
Term
Cor pulmonale
Definition
failure of the right side of the heart brought on by long-term high blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries and right ventricle of the heart.
Term
Diphtheria
Definition
acute infectious disease caused by the bacteria Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Term
Paranasal sinuses
Definition
four paired air-filled spaces that surround the nasal cavity (maxillary sinuses), above and between the eyes
Term
apex
Definition
top portion of the lung
Term
hilum
Definition
Above and behind the cardiac impression is a triangular depression
Term
voice combing form
Definition
phon/o
Term
straight combining form
Definition
osmia
Term
voice box combining form
Definition
phon/o
Term
atelectasis
Definition
Lung or portion of a lung is collapsed
Term
asbestosis (lol ASBESTOS!!!)
Definition
Type of pneumoconiosis; dust particles are inhaled
Term
cystic fibrosis
Definition
Inherited disease of exocrine glands leading to airway obstruction
Term
Aplastic anemia
Definition
Failure of blood cell production due to absence of formation of cells in the bone marrow is known as
Term
Hemolytic anemia
Definition
is a condition in which there are not enough red blood cells in the blood, due to the premature destruction of red blood cells
Term
Thalassemia
Definition
is a blood disorder passed down through families (inherited) in which the body makes an abnormal form of hemoglobin,
Term
Pernicious anemia
Definition
is a decrease in red blood cells that occurs when the body cannot properly absorb vitamin B12 from the gastrointestinal tract
Term
Iron deficiency anemia
Definition
common anemia when iron loss of lack of iron absorption occurs
Term
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
Definition
enous blood is collected in an anti-coagulant and the distance cells fall in a period of time is determined.
Term
Hematocrit
Definition
of the concentration of red blood cells in blood. It
Term
Acute lymphocytic leukemia
Definition
Symptoms of pallor, shortness of breath, infection, bleeding gums, predominance of immature and abnormally functioning leukocytes, and low numbers of mature neutrophils in a young child
Term
Hemoglobinopathy
Definition
s a kind of genetic defect that results in abnormal structure of one of the globin chains of the hemoglobin molecule
Term
Hemostasis
Definition
process that clots blood
Term
Red blood cell morphology
Definition
blood smear is examined to determine the shape or form of the cells
Term
Iron-deficiency anemia
Definition
sideropenia occurs causing deficient production of hemoglobin
Term
Bilirubin
Definition
pigment produced from hemoglobin when red blood cells are destroyed
Term
Tonsils
Definition
oropharyngeal lymph tissue
Term
Kaposi sarcoma
Definition
cancer arising from the lining cells of capillaries, producing bluish-red skin nodules
Term
Cryptococcus
Definition
genus of fungus that grows in yeast
Term
toxoplasmosis
Definition
infection due to the parasite Toxoplasma gondii
Term
protozoan (parasitic) infection associated with AIDS. It produces pneumonitis, hepatitis, and encephalitis
Definition
Toxoplasmosis
Term
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
Definition
is a fungal infection of the lungs. usually associated with AIDS
Term
Cytotoxic cells are a type of
Definition
T cell lymphocytes
Term
Eosinophils
Definition
are white blood cells that are one of the immune system components responsible for combating multicellular parasites and certain infections in vertebrate
Term
B cell lymphocytes
Definition
B cells are lymphocytes that play a large role in the humoral immune response
Term
IgA, IgG, IgE are example of what?
Definition
immunoglobulins
Term
Monocytes
Definition
type of white blood cell and are part of the innate immune system of vertebrates including all mammal
Term
Lymphopoiesis
Definition
Formation of lymph is referred to as
Term
Eat, swallow combing form
Definition
phag/o
Term
protein combining form
Definition
-globin
Term
manu; Much
Definition
poly-
Term
groin combining form
Definition
inguin/o
Term
poison combining form
Definition
tox/o
Term
protection cominbing form
Definition
-phylaxis
Term
resembling, dervied from combing form
Definition
-oid
Term
The projection of the temporal bone is the
Definition
mastoid process
Term
laminectomy
Definition
surgical procedure performed to relieve the symptoms of a slipped disk
Term
patellapexy
Definition
Fixation of the patella to the lower end of the femur to stabilize the join
Term
osteoclassis
Definition
Surgical fracture of a bone, performed to correct a deformity
Term
means wating away
Definition
atrophy
Term
myositis
Definition
Myositis is inflammation of your skeletal muscles
Term
Myasthenia gravis
Definition
autoimmune neuromuscular disease leading to fluctuating muscle weakness and fatiguability
Term
myalgia
Definition
muscle pain
Term
Comminuted fx
Definition
fx by splintered or crushed bone
Term
Greenstick fx
Definition
a fracture in a young, soft bone in which the bone bends and partially breaks
Term
Impacted
Definition
fracture in which one broken end is wedged into the other broken end
Term
Condyle
Definition
The knuckle-like process at the end of a bone
Term
Cranium
Definition
Mandible, vomer, maxilla, and zygomatic are all bones of the
Term
Olecranon
Definition
large, thick, curved bony eminence of the forearm that projects behind the elbow
Term
Periosteum
Definition
outer lining of all bones
Term
Osteoclast
Definition
removes bone
Term
Leiomyosarcoma
Definition
malignant tumor of smooth muscle
Term
Myorrhaphy
Definition
suture of a muscle
Term
Uterine fibroids (Leiomyoma)
Definition
noncancerous (benign) tumors that develop in the womb (uterus), a female reproductive organ
Term
rhabdomyoma
Definition
is a benign tumor of striated muscle
Term
Vitamin D deficiency leads to softening of bone, which is known as
Definition
Osteomalacia
Term
Lumbago
Definition
general lower back pain
Term
Osteogenesis imperfecta
Definition
a condition causing extremely fragile bones
Term
Smooth muscle coming form
Definition
leiomy/o
Term
ischium combining form
Definition
leiomy/o
Term
lower jaw bone combining form
Definition
mandibul/o
Term
pronation
Definition
turning palm backwards
Term
Soft spot between the skull bones of an infant
Definition
fontanelle
Term
Narrow, slit-like opening in or between bones
Definition
fissure
Term
Opening or passage in bones where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave
Definition
foramen
Term
Paronychia
Definition
flammation of the soft tissue around a nail
Term
onychomycosis
Definition
Fungal nail infectio
Term
epidermolysis
Definition
inherited connective tissue disease causing blisters in the skin and mucosal membranes
Term
erythema
Definition
redness of the skin, caused by hyperemia of the capillaries in the lower layers of the skin
Term
histiocyte
Definition
cell that is part of the mononuclear phagocyte system
Term
Keratosis
Definition
growth of the keratin on the skin
Term
Seborrhoeic dermatitis
Definition
an inflammatory[2] skin disorder affecting the scalp, face, and torso
Term
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Definition
inflammatory disease of the joints and collagen of the skin which can affect other body organs
Term
Impetigo
Definition
common skin infection
Term
Mycosis fungoides
Definition
is the most common form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
Term
Eczema
Definition
chronic skin disorder that involves scaly and itchy rashes
Term
Actinic keratosis
Definition
small, rough, raised area found on skin that has been exposed to the sun over a long period of time
Term
dermis is which layer of skin
Definition
middle layer of skin
Term
Collagen
Definition
naturally occurring proteins found in animals, especially in the flesh and connective tissues of mammals
Term
Cerumen
Definition
earwax
Term
another word for pustule
Definition
small abscess
Term
cyst
Definition
small sac containing fluid or some other stuff
Term
pruitus
Definition
sensation which causes you to scratch
Term
urticaria
Definition
hives
Term
xero/o means
Definition
dry
Term
Keloid is a type of
Definition
thickened scar. collagen over grows
Term
Comedo
Definition
blackhead
Term
ciliary combing form
Definition
cycl/o
Term
Phak/o
Definition
lens of eye
Term
Dacry/o
Definition
tears, crying mech or w/e of eye
Term
Irid/o
Definition
iris of eye
Term
Myopia
Definition
nearsightedness
Term
Farsightedness is another word for
Definition
hyperopia
Term
disorder in which the two eyes do not line up in the same direction
Definition
strabismus
Term
astigmatism
Definition
refractive error of the ey
Term
glaucoma
Definition
eye conditions that lead to damage to the optic nerve
Term
conjunctivities
Definition
pinkeye
Term
Dacryoadenitis
Definition
inflammation of the tear-producing gland
Term
Uveitis
Definition
welling and irritation of the uvea, the middle layer of the ey
Term
The meaning of palpebr/o is:
Definition
Eyelid
Term
The combining form for cornea is:
Definition
Kerat/o
Term
Choroid/o
Definition
combing form of the choriod layer of eye
Term
Suppurative otitis media
Definition
bacterial infection of the middle ear
Term
Myring/o means:
Definition
Tympanic membrane
Term
The channel between the middle ear and the nasopharynx is the
Definition
Eustachian tube
Term
sweat combing form
Definition
hidr/o
Term
scaly, fish like
Definition
ichyth/o
Term
burning combinging form
Definition
caus/o
Term
surgical repair combing form
Definition
-plasty
Term
eyelid combining form
Definition
blephar/o
Term
pupil (cornea)
Definition
cor/o
Term
eustachian tube, auditory tube combining form
Definition
salping/o
Term
darkness combing form
Definition
scot/o
Term
what is a descirption of tetany
Definition
constant muscle contraction
Term
Hypernatremia
Definition
high Na+ levels in blood
Term
Exophthalmos is a symptom of which endocrine disorder
Definition
gravis disease
Term
endemic goiter
Definition
Endemic goiter is defined as thyroid enlargement that occurs in more than 10% of a population
Term
nodular goitors
Definition
An enlargement of the thyroid gland characterized by one or more nodules
Term
thymosin
Definition
from thalamus and other tissues
Term
Euthyroid is the sate of...
Definition
the state of having normal thyroid gland function
Term
what is associated with neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy
Definition
Secondary complications of diabetes mellitus
Term
Panhypopituitarism
Definition
growth whoremoan deficiency. un proportional growth of body tissues and bones
Term
Acromegaly
Definition
to much GH after epiphyseal disc has closed
Term
group of symptoms produced by excess of cortisol from the adrenal cortex.
Definition
Cushing syndrome
Term
Myxedema
Definition
hypothyroidism. marked by always feeling cold, collection of fat on chest and back, low BMR
Term
what is a hormone secreted by the ovary and adrenal cortex?
Definition
extrogen
Term
oxytocin secreted from where?
Definition
PVN in the supraoptic region of the hypothalamus
Term
gonadotropins
Definition
protein hormones secreted by gonadotrope cells of the pituitary gland. the ANTERIOR LOBE!
Term
Kal/i is a combining form for which substance
Definition
Potassium
Term
Advanced hypothyroidism in adulthood is known as
Definition
Myxedema
Term
thirst combining form
Definition
dips/o
Term
female combining form
Definition
estr/o
Term
mucus
Definition
myx/o
Term
enlargement
Definition
-megaly
Term
hormone that stimulates water reabsorbtion by kidney tublues
Definition
ADH
Term
aldosterone
Definition
stims uptake of sodium
Term
horemoan that is Sympathomimetic; elevates heart rate, blood pressure
Definition
EPI!!!
Term
Secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland; stimulates contraction of the uterus during childbirth
Definition
oxytocin
Term
Secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; stimulates ovulation
Definition
luteinizing hormone
Term
Secreted by the parathyroid glands; increases blood calcium
Definition
parathormone
Term
Secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; promotes milk secretion
Definition
prolactin
Term
Which term includes sessile and pedunculated types of growths
Definition
Polypoid
Term
Verrucous
Definition
charcacterized by warty leisons
Term
Medullary refers to what
Definition
middle of something
Term
fulguration means what
Definition
destruction of tissue by electric sparks
Term
papillary forms what kind of projections
Definition
small nippley ones
Term
aspiration biopsy
Definition
biopsy in which tissue is obtained by application of suction through a needle attached to a syringe.
Term
description of scirrhous type tumors
Definition
Hard, densely packed tumor cells
Term
Myelosuppression
Definition
hypoplasia of bone marrow
Term
hypoplasia
Definition
incomplete development of bonemarrow
Term
alopecia
Definition
hair is lost from some or all areas of the body
Term
Carcinoma in situ
Definition
ocalized tumor growth
Term
fibrosis
Definition
excess fibrous connective tissue in an organ or tissue in a reparative or reactive process
Term
Pleomorphism
Definition
means to exist in a number of morphological forms in response to environmental conditions
Term
anaplasia
Definition
reversion of differentiation in cells and is characteristic of malignant neoplasms
Term
definition of a radioresistant tumor
Definition
Tumor requires large doses of radiation to produce death of cells
Term
Which term describes an x-ray test to show an organ in depth
Definition
Tomography
Term
fluroscopy
Definition
real-time moving images of the internal structures of a patient through the use of a fluoroscope.
Term
Which of the following best characterizes an MRI
Definition
Sagittal, frontal, and cross-sectional images are produced using magnetic and radio waves
Term
Uses ionizing x-rays and a computer to produce a transverse image of the body organs
Definition
characterizes a CT scan
Term
Interventional radiologists perform all of the following except
Definition
Administration of radiation therapy
Term
Cirrhosis and splenomegaly due to abscess or tumor is detected by a scan of what organs
Definition
liver ans spleen scans
Term
DICOM
Definition
Protocol for transmission between imaging devices
Term
what is true of a radiopaque substance
Definition
absorbs most of the radiation it is exposed to
Term
Anticonvulsants
Definition
are drugs used to treat epilepsy
Term
Sedatives, also same as what
Definition
meant to put you to sleep, the same as a tranquilizer
Term
Anesthetics
Definition
causes anesthesia, which is a reversible loss of sensation
Term
Ampicillin-generic or not
Definition
GENERIC!!!
Term
Finding proper antidotes to the harmful effects of drugs is part of the specialty of
Definition
Toxicology
Term
pharmacodynamics
Definition
as what the drug does to
Term
pharmacokinetics
Definition
what the body does to the drug
Term
Analgesics
Definition
drugs used to relieve pain, induce sleep, and suppress cough
Term
sensitivity to pain combining form
Definition
alges/o
Term
stupor combining form
Definition
nacr/o
Term
genetic change combining form
Definition
mut/a
Term
hard combining form
Definition
scirrh/o
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