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| Mesolithic rock-painting from Castellon (eastern spain) |
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| Human Skull with added features, Jericho, 7th Millennium |
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| Clay Statuette of Birthing goddess, Catal Huyuk |
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| Wall-Paintings from Catal Huyuk, 7th Millennium |
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| Susa A ware goblet, 4000-3500 |
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| head of Inanna from Uruk 3500-3000. Sculpted from marble with attention to detail and expression. |
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| Ritual Alabaster Vase from Uruk, with Sacred Image of Inanna, 3500-3000 |
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Protoliterate cylinder seal with "King" feeding sacred flock
-gods are killing each other.
-evoke the world of imagination, instead of history.
-a darker side of akkadianism, sense of terror and mystory. |
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Lion-Hunter stele with "King" feeding sacred flock 3,200-3000, Uruk Late protoliterate period.
-testimony to the kings strength. |
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statues from temple of Abu, Tell asmar, Early dynastic (2750-2600)
-The two tallest statues abu and his wife/ the base of where he stands is a lion and eagle=symbol of Samarian gods.
-the rest of figure are mortal figures/ they hold cups or they devoutly hold their hands, representing humility.
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Standard of Ur, peace side. early Dynastic (c. 2550)
- was found in the Royal Cemitary of Ur
-peace and war side of the standard of Ur might represent a single Narrative.
- bottom men are possibly carrying war booty
-middle men bringing animals or spoils of war
- top most layer is a possible victory celebration. |
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standard of Ur war panel
early dynastic sumer
Star from the bottom then we read up
“continuous narration”
when you have the same figure represented more than once, it refers to a continuous narration.
In the middle section the war is over, in ancient art size means power.
The other side is called the peace panel.
They are carrying on their backs spoils of war/ middle piece animals are going to sacrificed. On the top most zone they are being entertained.
Glory of battle won
We don’t know which king the standard of ur represents.
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Stele of Eannatum or Stele of The Vulturs, Early dynastic 3560
-celebrating a victory of the city-state of Lagash over its neighbour Umma.
-stele is a stone carved piece of rock that is meant to represent a historical event or, in some cultures, are used to mark a grave.
-Eannatum is leading his trops into battle in a chariot.
-the top part is Eanatum leading his trops into battle, the troops are standing on dead bodies.
Eannatun is larger than anyone else, except for Ningirsu, who is on the opposite side of the steele. |
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| stele of Eannatum of Ningirsu |
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| Bronze head of Akkadian Ruler (sargon) 2300 |
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Stele of Naramsin 2220-2184 one of the first landscapes.
The defeat of the Lullubi, iranian mountain tribe.
Naramsin, the grandson of Sargon, is becoming a god.
-this is a true landscape, real tree, representing the landscape in Mesopotamian is rare.
-man holding a horn, who is defeated.
-two stars that represent Akkadian gods, looking down upon Naramsin.
-ultimate in empyreal propaganda.
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Gudea of Lagash (22140-2120)
Neo-sumarian
he never claimed devine authority like akkadian emperers.
very calm a tranquil.
- he considerd his self servant
-he built temples
-he was considered an architetict when he is sitting down. |
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Stele of Ur-nammu, Neo-Sumerian. 2100
-top gets orders to build from the gods.
-measuring tools
-carrying building tools
the ziggurat is under contruction.
-is the largest of stele
-its about ur-nammu service to the gods.
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| The Lower Mesopotamian Valley between the tigris and Euphrates river (The Fertile Crescent), where formal religion is born. |
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| what did Sumerians invented the |
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| wagon wheel, the plow, and writing (cuneiform) they invented the casting of bronze and copper. |
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| Humans become much more important in Mesolithic art |
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| Mound of Jericho (8000 BCE) earliest stone monument that was planned/ organized. |
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| plastered skulls were the only real forms of art in Jericho |
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| • They were the first to make pottery • Pottery allows to analyze, date culture. • Neolithic • They did not do art on caves, they did art on man made walls. • Female figurines(like Venus figurines) • Birthing goddess statue, possibly crowning |
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| (white temple) Ziggurat at Ur, A mud brick temple built by King Uranammu, dedicated to the moon god Nanna (2100-2050 BCE) dedicated to Anu, the sky god. |
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| Big on pottery (Use the animals to contribute to decoration) |
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-Protoliterate was the very first period in the Mesopotamian civilization. a lot of transformation was going on. architecture.
-theme one the contract of blessing and service between gods and mortals.
-theme 2-the glorification of kings. |
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| -Alabaster vase from Uruk. -represented the sacred marriage between Inanna and Dumuzi. (Late Prololiterate period) 3200-3000 -the marriage was reenacted by people on earth every year. -bottom represents water either the tigris or euphrates. -second is either wheat or barley. the two bottom parts represents the natural world. -middle part is naked men bringing gifts; representing humility. - the top most part is the divine event, making sure the crops would grow and they had animals to eat. |
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| Inanna or ishtar is the god of. |
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| Sexual love, fertility, and Warfare. |
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Akkadian Cylinder seals 2200 BC
-depicts gods great and are killing each other.
-they were widely used in Mesopotamia to identify and secure gods. |
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| Eshnunna Statuettes, sculptures that were buried beneath the floor of temple of Eshnunna. -they all represent mortals instead of deities. |
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| 3300 to 3000 BCE more art was about gods instead of kings. instead of the Lion hunter Steele. |
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