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personality disorders and mental retardation |
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Psychosocial and Environmental Problems |
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Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) ranges from 1-100 |
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happiness control over behavior appraisal of reality healthy self concept |
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Early History of Mental Health Nursing |
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insanity associated with sin mental illness thought to be incurable treatment of mentally ill was sometimes inhumane and brutal |
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Middle Ages of Mental Health Nursing |
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- Mentally ill often imprisoned - depended on charity of religious groups - First Mental Hospital; St Mary of Bethleham |
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15th-17th Centuries of MH nursing |
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skepticism was rampant -conditions of asylums were deplorable -insane were treated like animals --thought not to have feelings --were believed to lack understanding --men&women not given separate quarters |
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--plight of mentally ill recognized by legistlative community --led to establishment of state hospitals |
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20th Century: Era of Psychiatry |
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Adolph Meyer and Sigmund Freud |
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Psychoanalysis psychosexual theories neurosis |
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-gave authority to US Public Health Service
-National mental Health Act of 1946 passed
-Nations attitude about mentally ill began to change
-President Eisenhowers Commission on Mental Illness and health (1961) established |
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21st Century: Neuroscience & Genetics |
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- Information Systems: the internet and cyberspace -Complementary Therapies --Aromatherapy --Acupuncture --massage therapy |
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-social changes abroad -societal demands -rising cost of health care -deteriorating social structures -global aids epidemic -increased violence -inadequate access to health care -rising poverty levels |
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- diverse practice setting - intensive community programs - home health - mobile crisis unit - respite care |
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Freud's levels of awareness |
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Conscious Preconcious Unconscious |
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intellectual, emotional, and interpersonal aspects of behavior in awareness at a given time |
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experiences, thought, feelings or desires not in immediate awareness, but able to recall |
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memories, thoughts, feelings or wishes not available to conscious mind. repressed, not logical |
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