Term
| Cartilage and Bone as Endoskeleton |
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Definition
1. body framework
2. muscle attachments
3. protect organs
4. calcium reserve
5. bones self-repair
6. cartilage in adults does not repair
7. cartilage serves as model for bone growth |
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Term
| Components of Cartilage ECM |
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Definition
1. collagen (Type II)
2. elastin
3. proteoglycans
4. glycoproteins
5. water |
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Term
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Definition
1. collagen (Type I)
2. elastin
3. proteoglycans
4. glycoproteins
5. water
6. hydroxypatite (makes bone hard) |
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Term
| Characteristics of Hyaline Cartilage |
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Definition
1. abundant on articular surface of long bones, ribs, trache, bronci, larynx
2. avascular
3. little elastin
4. cushions, attaches, supports |
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Term
| Characteristics of Elastic Cartilage |
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Definition
1. found in pinna, epiglottis, larynx
2. more elastin and elastic fibers than hyaline
3. indistinguishable from hyaline--need special stain |
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Term
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Definition
-looks like tendon with nests of chondrocytes
-found in intervertebral discs, symphysis pubis, entheses (where tendon inserts to bone)
-meniscus |
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Term
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Definition
1. hyaline cartilage
2. laryngeal cartilage |
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Term
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Definition
1. tensile strength
2. combo of light and strong
3. columns and buttresses
4. mostly calcium hydroxypatite
5. turn over slowly
6. self repairing and changing
7. compartment for hematopoiesis |
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Term
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Definition
1. central diaphysis
2. metaphyses
3. epiphyses
*compact bone forms cortical shell
spongy bone in the middle |
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Term
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Definition
| site for entry of blood entry into deep bone |
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Term
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Definition
1. Haversian system
-lamellae with concentric lacunae
-osteocytes embedded in lacunae
2. Osteocyte processes occupy canaliculi--aqueous canals
3. processes connected into network of cells by gap junctions |
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Term
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Definition
-layer of fibroblast-like osteoprogenitor cells on inside and outside of mature bones
-can form osteoblasts and new bone
-activated during fracture repair and remodeling |
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Term
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Definition
part of mononuclear phagocytic system
degrade bone |
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Term
| Bones and calcium storage |
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Definition
To increase blood Ca2+:
1) when Ca2+ goes down, PTH secreted, osteocytes mobilize matrix, and Ca2+ goes up
2) PTH also increases Ca2+ absorption in gut and phosphate excretion in kidneys
To decrease blood Ca2+:
1) calcitonin antagonist of PTH, inhibits osteolysis and stimulates Ca2+ deposition |
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