Outermost electron shell of an atom

Used for predicting the shapes of individual molecules

s,p,d,f

Describes the wave-like behavior of an electron in an atom

Bond formed by sharing electrons between atoms that have unequal attraction for the electrons

Strong bond

Ability of an atom to attract electrons toward itself in a covalent bond

(Increases to the right and up --> Fluorine)

Weak Bond

Bond formed by the attraction of positively charged atoms or molecules to negatively charged ones

Weak Bond

Weak attraction between a postively-charged hydrogen atom of one compound and a negatively charged atom of another compound; the charges of the two atoms are due to polar covalent bonds

Weak Bond

An electronegative atom regardless of whether it is bonded to a hydrogen atom or not

Weak Bond

 the attractive or repulsive force between molecules (or between parts of the same molecule) other than those due to covalent bonds or to the electrostatic interaction of ions with one another or with neutral molecules

Type of van der Waals interaction

Weak bonds formed between molecules as a result of their mutual repulsion of water molecules

Molecules stick together via H-bonds

The intermolecular attraction between like-molecules

Allows evaporative cooling

The measure of the heat energy required to increase the temperature of an object by a certain temperature interval

An aggregate of surfactant molecules dispersed in a liquid colloid

Has hydrophillic heads on the outside and hydrophobic tails on the inside (sphere)

Concentration of H⁺ and OH^- in a solution

-log[H⁺]

or

-log [OH^-]

  Chemical compound that, when dissolved in water, gives a solution with a hydrogen ion activity greater than in pure water

pH < 7

Aqueous substance that accepts protons

pH > 7

When the concentration of hydronium ions and hydroxide ions are equivalent

pH = 7