Term
Diamaeter of following
a. Aorta
b. medium artery
c. arteriole
d. pre-capillary sphincter
e. true capillary |
|
Definition
a. 24 mm
b. 4mm
c. 30 um
d. 30um
e. 6 um |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Three layers of blood vessels?
b) which type is an exception? |
|
Definition
1) tunica intimia, media, adventitia
b) capillaries have only initmate endothelial layer, resting on basal lamina |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
single layer of endothelial cells connected via tight junctions
SITS on top of subendothelial Loose CT w. scattered smooth muscle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Vena Vacava
also has the smallest diameter to thickness ratio |
|
|
Term
| role of endothelial cells in tunica INTINMA? |
|
Definition
1) metabolic functions
2) regulate immune response
3) ECM
4) BP |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Concentric smooth muscle which can contract to regulate flow-->bp
INterspersed are
elastic fibers
collagen Type III
proteoglycans
|
|
|
Term
| Are there fibroblast in the tunica media? |
|
Definition
| NO all collagen and elastin is synthesized by smooth muscle. |
|
|
Term
tunica adventitia
VasaVasorum |
|
Definition
mostly fibroblast collagen type I
longitundinally oriented elastin fibers
continuous with surrounding CT
B) vessels within vessels found in adventita. supplys to outer vascular walls of thick vessels (media and adventitia).
conatin arteries , capillaries and venules themselves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Largest Arteriers... closer to heart
Elasticity is to handle high bp from heart and then to keep blood moving during diastole (Windkessel) |
|
|
Term
describe tunica media of
a) ELASTIC
|
|
Definition
a) Layers of smooth muscle NO Fibroblast intercalated by elastic laminas. internal elastic lamina is hard to see may be seen as stacks on slides)
|
|
|
Term
describe tunica media of
muscular arteriers
|
|
Definition
Smooth muscle with no fibroblast
obvious internal elastic lamina which appears scrunchy
may contain an external elastic lamina.
regulates BP |
|
|
Term
describe tunica media of
arterioles |
|
Definition
1-2 layers of smooth muscle
no elastic lamina
may have gap junctions btwn s.m and endothelial cells |
|
|
Term
| in elastic arteriers what is true with regards to the tunica adventitia compared to the media |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
where is the internal elastic lamina found?
|
|
Definition
IN ARTERIES Never veins
more visibile in muscular arteries
seperates intima from media |
|
|
Term
| if there are any muscle cells around the vessel what should you think? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Distinguishing feature between media of arterieies and veins?
adventitia? |
|
Definition
INTINMA AND MEDIA OF arteries are more developed.
adventitia of veins has more smooth muscle |
|
|
Term
approximately what percent of arterioles are open for maximal flow at any given time?
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
what causes smooth muscle of arteroles to relax?
b) constrict? |
|
Definition
vasodilating agent ie nitric oxide
b) NE |
|
|
Term
| when precapillary shpincter are constricted how does blood by pass true capillaries? |
|
Definition
| via thoroughfare channels |
|
|
Term
| location and purpose of pericyte |
|
Definition
| found on capilaries. takes the place of tunica media. can CONTRACT to move blood through |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
found in muscle tissue, CT, exocrine gland and nervous tissue
* contain PINOCYTIC VESICLES and INTERCELLULAR CLEFT |
|
|
Term
What feature of capilary tight junctions make them more leaky than epithelial cells?
what does this allow for? |
|
Definition
they have less strands of zonula occludens
diapedesis of leukocytes and movement of other shit. |
|
|
Term
sinusoidal capilary where are they found?
unique features? |
|
Definition
liver bone marrow, spleen. conform to the shape of the sturcture where they are located
discountinous basal lamina, no diaphram
WHOLE CELLS can pass through |
|
|
Term
| types of pores found in capilaries? |
|
Definition
Small for simple diffusion
Large have pores fenestrae, pinocytic vesicles and caveolae |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| via clathrin coated pits via receptor mediated endocytosis |
|
|
Term
| astrocyte roll in tight junctions |
|
Definition
| astrocytes can secret a factor which increases number of tight junctions |
|
|
Term
arterio venous anastamoses
where is is found?
what is happening here |
|
Definition
| erectile tissue of penis and vagina, direct communication between arterioles and venules |
|
|
Term
arterial portal system
where is it found?
basic components? |
|
Definition
found in kidney glomeulus
arteriloe -> capilary -> arteriole |
|
|
Term
veinous portal system
where is it found?
components |
|
Definition
found in liver
venule-> capilary-> venule |
|
|
Term
| how do leukocytes get out of capillaries? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
expressed on the cell surface of wbc. bind to carbohydrates and mediate ca2+ dep cell to cell adhesion
so it is a type of cell adehesion molecule HETEROPHILIC binding.
HOW WBC MOVES OUT OF CAPILLARY |
|
|
Term
| in response to growth factors, these cells can proliferate and repair the intima |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Where are fenestrated capilaries found,
how are their pores bridged? |
|
Definition
High flow areas ie.; kidney, intestine, and endocrine gland.
pores are bridged by ultra thin diaphram except in renal glomerulus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1) endothelium is continous with the tunica intima of blood vessels perfusiong heart.
2) subendothelium- dense ct, contains nerves, blood vessels and purkinje fibers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| where mycocytes are found. largest of 3 layers. Origin for impulse generating cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| aka the visceral layer of the pericardium. contains coronary vessels, nerves and ganglia and FAT |
|
|
Term
| arteriosclerosis compared with atherosclerosis |
|
Definition
1) thickening and hardening of arterial walls. results in dec in elasticity-->"hardening"
2) arteriosclerosis as a result of deposition of fatty substances. can see a yellow swelling on the endothelial surface.
both affect the intima layer |
|
|
Term
what causes atherosclerosis?
it is an accumulation of what?
future events related?
|
|
Definition
HIGH BP, Smoking, toxic substances in enviornment.
2) LDL accumulates at site of damage. platelets form a "FIBROUS CAP" over the fatty core
May calcify
may rupture exposing highly prothrombic material which can casu a thrombus |
|
|
Term
| what are foam cells and why are they significant? |
|
Definition
| macrophages or SMOOTH MUSCLE which have injested LDL. |
|
|
Term
| where does fibrous cap form? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
where does lymph dump back into veins?
|
|
Definition
| THORACIC DUCT and RIGHT LYMPATIC DUCT |
|
|
Term
what holds open lymphatic capillaries?
features of lymphatic vessels? |
|
Definition
anchoring fibrils
overlapping endothelial cells, discontinous basal lamina and anchoring fibrils |
|
|
