Term
| In cold therapy, does heat move toward or away from the body? |
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Definition
| Heat moves from the body to the cooling agent |
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Term
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Definition
Inflammation Control
Decrease Edema formation
Decrease pain
Decrease spasticity |
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Term
| An example of cold therapy conduction is... |
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Definition
Ice packs
Ice massage
Ice baths |
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Term
| Amount of cooling & depth correlates with... |
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Definition
Time of exposure
Amount of body exposure
Type of cooling agent |
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Term
T or F
Cold affects temperatures of tissues to a greater depth than superficial heat |
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Definition
| True, Cold affects temperatures of tissues to a greater depth than superficial heat |
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Term
| does cold or heat take longer to return to baseline? |
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Definition
| cold takes longer to return to baseline. |
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Term
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Definition
cyclical vasoconstriction/vasodilation
Occurs primarily in the distal extremities and apical areas
Circulatory anatomoses |
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Term
| Test muscle strength before or after cold therapy? |
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Definition
| Test strength BEFORE cryotherapy |
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Term
| How soon do you do cold treatment and for how long? |
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Definition
First 24-48 hours
Apply up to 20 mins, at least 1 hour apart |
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Term
| cold pain relief is for how long? |
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Definition
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Term
With cold...
Control inflammation and edema...
pain...
spasticity... |
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Definition
...about 20 mins
...about 10-15 mins for 1-2 hrs of relief
...about 30 mins about 1hr of decrease spasticity |
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Term
| cold pack are at a temp between.. |
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Definition
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Term
| Cold packs cooling units are at a temp of... |
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Definition
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Term
| Cool packs ______ between use (_______ prior to initial use) |
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Definition
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Term
| Superficial heat heats up what part of the body? |
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Definition
primarily heats up skin & subcutaneous tissues
Many times used for shoulder and back. Relaxes, more blood flow, metabolic rate. 1-2 |
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Term
| Deep heat therapy increases temp of what? |
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Definition
| Deep—increase temperature of deeper tissues. Generally reach depth of about 5 cm. 3-5 |
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Term
| The First Law of Thermodynamics states... |
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Definition
- Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another
- During transformation heat is released (Thermal Energy) |
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Term
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Definition
Amount of energy required to raise the temperature a given number of degrees
-different materials used as thermal agents & different body tissues have different specific heats. For example, thermal agents w/a HIGH specific heat (H20) are applied at lower temperatures than air-based thermal agents due to specific heat differences. |
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Term
Superficial heat modalities
- Penetrate only 1-3 cm
- Common forms of superficial heat modalities; |
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Definition
-1-3 cm
-Moist hot packs
-Paraffin bath
-Fluidotherapy
-Warm whirlpool
-Microwavable or air-activated hot packs
-Electric heating pads-(Ots don’t recommend.
Want to see temp go up then down |
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Term
Deep heat modalities
- Penetrate up to ___ deep |
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Definition
-5 cm
-Ultrasound
-Diathermy |
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Term
T or F
Heat transfer is always transferred from higher to lower temperature molecules? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
- Method of heat transfer as a result of energy exchange between 2 materials at different temperatures
- Direct interaction of the molecules in the warmer area with those in the cooler area leading to the speed of molecular movement of both materials becoming equal.
This process takes time so it is a slow process |
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Term
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Definition
- Heat transfer occurs as a result of DIRECT contact between a circulating medium and another material of a different temperature.
-During heating or cooling by convection the thermal agent is in MOTION, so new parts of the agent at the initial treatment temperature keep coming into contact with the patient’s body part.
Examples:
Fluidotherapy
Whirlpool |
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Term
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Definition
-A material must absorb energy in order to evaporate and thus change form from a liquid to a gas or vapor.
-This energy is absorbed in the form of heat, either from the material itself or from an adjoining material, resulting in a decrease in temperature.
Example:
sweating
vapocoolant sprays |
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Term
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Definition
- Heating by radiation involves the DIRECT transfer of energy from a material with a higher temperature to one with a lower temperature withOUT the need for an intervening medium or contact.
- Radient energy can be propagated through space or matter in all directions. The rate of temperature increase caused by radiation depends of the intensity of the radiation, the relative sizes of the radiation source and the area being treated, the distance of the source from the treatment area, and the angle of the radiation to the tissue.
All objects (above absolute zero temp) can give off or take on thermal energy through the process of radiation.
Example:
Infrared Heat Lamp |
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Term
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Definition
Mild dosage: 99-101 °F (1-3 degree change)
- Subtherapeutic
- Warmth
2. Moderate dosage: 102 -106 °F (4-7 degree change)
- Beginning to reach therapeutic range
- Hot
3. Vigorous dosage: 107 – 113 °F (7- 13 degree change)
- End of therapeutic range
- Above 113 °F, tissue damage can occur |
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Term
| The overall therapeutic range is ___ to ___ °F for using heat modalities. |
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Definition
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Term
| Van't Hoff's Law (or van't Hoff's effect) |
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Definition
| If tissue temperature rises 10 degrees, there is a two- or three-fold increase in metabolism. |
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Term
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Definition
Pain Control
Gating
Activation of cutaneous thermoreceptors
Indirect pain control
Improve healing
Decrease muscle spasm
Decrease Ischemia-blood pooling
Increase Tissue Extensibility
Increase ROM
Decrease Joint stiffness
Max benefit when heat plus stretch (104-113F maintained for 5-10 min
Low load prolonged stretch – while heating or immediately after
Accelerates Healing
Increase circulation
Increase enzymatic activity
Increase blood to tissue
Increase oxygen, nutrients
Decrease waste products
Beneficial during the proliferative or remodeling stage
Acute vs Chronic inflammation
Heat not typically used during acute inflammation |
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Term
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Definition
is a secondary analysis of original individual studies.
The goal is to draw a conclusion based upon the cumulative weight of the evidence about an intervention |
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Term
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Definition
| is a systematic review that uses a quantitative method for drawing conclusions. Meta analyses pool data from individual studies, thereby creating larger sample sizes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sound with frequency greater than 20,000 cycles per second that when applied to the body produces thermal and non-thermal effects |
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Term
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Definition
| distance between 2 successive peaks |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Penetrates to about 5 cm (deeper) (using less energy superficial)
Bigger, slower waves. |
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Term
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Definition
Penetrates 1-2 cm (more
superficial) (using more energy
superficial)
Faster or smaller wave |
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Term
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Definition
| as sound waves travel through tissue it gradually decreases in intensity |
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