• A cultural movement that began around the early 1920s and is most known for its visual works of art and writings of the group members. 

Poet Andre Breton, Manifesto of Surrealism, 1924: “Pure psychic automatism”
=

• Key idea of surrealism is unleashing the innner unconscious 
• There is a element of suprrise, unexpecte djuxtapositions, and non sequitur. A lot of the Surrealists viewed their work as an expression of the philosophiocal movement primarily with the works being an artifact of some sort. 
• Andre Breton's "Manifesto of Surrealism" which he creaated in 1924 said "Psychic automatism in its pure state, by which one proposes to express–verbally, by means of the written word, or in any other thought. Dictated by the thougght, in the absence of any control exercised by reason, exempt from any aesthetic or moral concern."
• Breton, the movement's leader, stressed teh concept that Surrealism was above all else a revolutionary mvoement.  

2 Surrealist Artists

1.  Man Ray, Gift replica of 1921 original
2. . Max Ernst- Two Children threatened by a Nightingale", 1924
3. Andre Breton Exquisite Corpse, c. 1930 
4. Joan Miro "The Harlequin's Carnival" 1924-25
5. Pablo Picasso "Girl before a Mirror," 1932 MoMa
6. Salvador Dali - "The Persistance of Memory"
7. Rene Magritte "Time Transfixed," 1938
8. Yves Tanguy "Mama, Papa is Wounded!,"1927

'DEPTH IS ALL

 artwork t look "real", though it does contain emotion.

Dada is french for wooden horse.

According to Hans Arp, " we were seeking an art based on fundamentals, to cure the madness of the age. We aspired to a new order that might restore the balance between heaven and hell." 

Hans Arp also defined the movement as the following: "Dada is like your hopes: nothing. 

Like your paradise:nothing. 

Like your idols: nothing.

Like your heroes:nothing.

Like your artists:nothing.

Like your religions: nothing."

2 Abstract Expressionist artists  

very poor, sometimes only black and white paintings

-focus on women, inspired by very old goddesses of fertility

-never covers older versions, can see previous faces of paintings

-later in life he painted landscapes

1. Kurt Schwitters notfounder of Dada, but wanted to be part of the movement

-collage built up of randomly found materials from the street

-chaotic, fragmented look but coming together around ’31’

-built up carefully to show ‘building up from the chaos, starting over again’

-also performances, poetic composition (“Ursonate”)

-”merz”: word he made up and used for his work

-also made buildings, transformed his house into a 3-dimensional collage

1. Barnet Newman  

2. Mark Rothko 

Color Field painting

• were inclined to use clean and bright colors that they then laid on in fields taht held a dialogue with the canvas' surface, influenced by Matisse. 
• work comes impulsively, focusing on that single moment which was removed from work to work and no longer did artists aspire to universality[
• wanted to focus in an image that was intense and of a unique moment of life and expression. 

Color Field Artists

1. Barnet Newman 

2. Reinhardt