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Mrs. Gunn vocab
bio
27
Biology
9th Grade
02/24/2009

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Term
Genetics
Definition
The scientific study of heredity
Term
Trait
Definition
A physical characteristic that can be passed on from parent to offspring
Term
Purebred
Definition
Offspring that recieves the same trait from both parents
Term
Hybrid
Definition
Offspring that recieves different traits from each parent
Term
Genes
Definition
Sections of a chromosome that have the DNA code used for particular traits
Term
Allele
Definition
a distinct form or version of a gene
Term
Genotype
Definition
The genetic makeup or combination of alleles that make up a trait
Term
Dominant
Definition
Form of a gene that is fully expressed when 2 different alleles are present
Term
Recessive
Definition
Form of a gene that is not expressed when 2 different alleles are present
Term
Homozygous
Definition
A genotype in which the allele pair are both dominant or both recessive
Term
Heterozygous
Definition
A genotype in which the allele pair are split one of each
Term
Phenotype
Definition
The actual physical charactersistic expressed
Term
P generation
Definition
original material and paternal alleles
Term
F1 First Filial generation
Definition
created by cross-pollinating the P generation
Term
F2 second filial generation
Definition
created by cross-pollinatin the F1
Term
Segregation
Definition
Gene pairs found on homologous pairs of chromosomes seperate during meiosis when the gametes are formed.
Term
Independent Assortment
Definition
Traits are inherited independently when sister chromatids align on the equatorial plate during metaphase 1
Term
Dominance
Definition
Dominant traits will always be expressed and recessive always hidden
Term
Laws of inheritance
Definition
Segregation, Independent assortment, dominance
Term
Laws of inheritance
Definition
Segregation, Independent assortment, dominance
Term
Punnet Square
Definition
A grid for organizing information
Term
Test cross
Definition
used to find out the unknown genotype of a trait knowing the phenotype
Term
Incomplete Dominance
Definition
2 alleles for the same trait combine. affects phenotype only not genotype
Term
Polygenetics
Definition
traits uncontrolled by more than one gene or allele pair.
Term
Pleiotropy
Definition
one gene controls many unrelated traits
Term
Multiple alleles
Definition
trait that has 1 gene with more than 2 allele forms
Term
Codomincance
Definition
both alleles are expressed fully
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