Term
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Definition
| An unpleasant emotional state consisting of psychological % physiological responses to anticipation of unreal or imagined danger |
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Term
| What is barbiturates poor for? |
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Definition
| Anxiolytics but good sedatives |
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Term
| What is given to relieve anxiety prior to operation? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Anxiolysis, sedation, and hypnosis |
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Term
| What is amnesia used for? |
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Definition
prior to an unpleasant or uncomfortable procedure.
it's is intrinsic part of GA |
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Term
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Definition
| Unpleasant sensation associated with urge to vomit |
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Term
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Definition
| Forceful expulsion of gastric contents |
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Term
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Definition
| Labored rhythmic activity of respiratory muscles |
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Term
| What are patient factors in PONV? |
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Definition
Nonsmokers
Women>men
High levels of anxiety
Previous PONV or motion sickness |
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Term
| What are anesthetic factors in PONV? |
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Definition
Opioid, especially postoperatively
Anticholinesterases for reversal of NMB (neostigmine) |
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Term
| What are the drug for drying secretions: antisialogogues? |
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Definition
| Receptor of PSNS cholinergic terminals blocked by: anticholinergic drugs: antihistamines, phenothiazines, butyrophenones |
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Term
| Where is muscarinic receptors located for acetylcholine binding? |
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Definition
| Heart, salivary, glands, smooth muscle |
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Term
| Where is nicotinic located? |
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Definition
| ANS ganglia, and neuromuscular junction |
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Term
| What is atropine indication? |
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Definition
Increase heart rate
Bronchodilation
Antisialagogue |
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Term
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Definition
sedate or cause excitation, associated with hallucinations, especially when used with meperidine
Antiemetic
Antisialagogue |
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Term
| What is Glycopyrrolate indicated for? |
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Definition
Increase HR
Does not cross blood-brain barrier: does not cause central cholinergic syndrome
Bronchodilation
Antisialogogue |
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Term
| What are the medication to prevent allergic reaction? |
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Definition
H1 and H2 antagonists
and corticosteroids: prevent histamine release, facilitate epinephrine |
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Term
| What is Benedryl indicated for? |
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Definition
Histamine H1 blocker
causes sedation
does not affect respiration |
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Term
| What is Ranitidine indicated for? |
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Definition
H2 blocker like cimetidine, famotidine
Decrease stomach acid secretion
Role in prevention and treament of allergic reaction unclear |
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Term
| What is aspiration prophylaxis? |
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Definition
H2 blocker to decrease production of gastric acid
Gastropropulsive agent: metoclopramide
Non-particulate antacid: Bicitra or Sodium Citrate buffer |
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Term
| What is the premed to decrease anesthesia requirements? |
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Definition
Alpha 2-adrenergic agonists: act in CNS to decrease sympathetic outflow and used for treatment of HTN and provide postop analgesis
Given pre-op to decrease anesthesia requirement by up to 40% |
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Term
| What are alpha2 clinical uses? |
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Definition
Reduce withdrawal symptoms in opioid tolerant and alcoholic pts
Preinduction of HTN pts
Aid induced hypotension
Preindcution administration for postoperative sedation |
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Term
| What is Clonidine used for? |
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Definition
treament of HTN
CNS action on alpha2 receptors and provide analgesia
Notable postanesthesia Lethergy |
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Term
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Definition
| More specific alpha-2 agonist |
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Term
| What is oral and rectal midazolam for? |
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Definition
patients sleepy for a long period
Usually little effect on respiration |
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