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NASM Chapter 3 - Key Terms
The Cardiorespiratory System
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12/21/2010

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Term
Cardiorespiratory system
Definition
A system of the body composed of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems.
Term
Cardiovascular system
Definition
A system of the body composed of the heart, blood, and blood vessels.
Term
Heart
Definition
A hollow muscular organ that pumps a circulation of blood through the body by means of rhythmic contraction.
Term
Mediastinum
Definition
The space in the chest between the lungs that contains all the internal organs of the chest except the lungs.
Term
Atrium
Definition
The superior chamber of the heart that receives blood from the veins and forces it into the ventricles.
Term
Ventricle
Definition
The inferior chamber of the heart that recieves blood from its corresponding atrium and, in turn, forces blood into the arteries.
Term
Blood
Definition
Fluid that circulates in the heart, arteries, capillaries, and veins, which carries nutrients and oxygen to all part of the body and also rids the body of waste products.
Term
Blood vessels
Definition
Network of hollow tubes that circulates blood throughout the body.
Term
Arteries
Definition
Vessels that carry blood away from the heart.
Term
Veins
Definition
Vessels that carry blood from the capillaries toward the heart.
Term
Arterioles
Definition
Small terminal branches of an artery, which end in capillaries.
Term
Capillaries
Definition
The smallest blood vessels, which connect venules with arterioles.
Term
Venules
Definition
The very small veins that connect capillaries to the larger veins.
Term
Respiratory system
Definition
A system of organs (the lungs and respiratory passageways) that collects oxygen from the external environment and transports it to the bloodstream.
Term
Inspiration
Definition
The process of actively contracting inspiratory muscles to move air into the body.
Term
Expiration
Definition
The process of actively or passively relaxing inspiratory muscles to move air out of the body.
Term
Aerobic
Definition
Requires oxygen.
Term
Anaerobic
Definition
Does not require oxygen.
Term
Bioenergetics
Definition
The biology of energy transformations and exchanges within the body, and between it and the environment.
Term
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
Definition
A cellular structure that supplies energy for many biochemical cellular processes by undergoing enzymatic hydrolysis.
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