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Natural Selection
9th Grade Ms. Wilking Biology study guide part 2
21
Biology
9th Grade
05/31/2009

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Term
Who created the theory of Natural Selection?
Definition
Charles Darwin
Term
The 4 major points of Darwin's Theory of natural Selection include...
Definition
Overproduction, Variation, Competition, Fitness
Term
Overproduction is when...
Definition

Organisms produce more offspring than can survive

Term
Variation occurs in a...
Definition
Population and can be inherited 
Term
Competition is when...
Definition

Organisms compete with each other in a struggle to survive, not all can survive

 

Term
Fitness is when..
Definition

Organisms that are the best fit for their environment will survive, mate, and pass on their traits to their offspring

 

Term
Adaptation is an...
Definition

Inherited trait that provides a selective advantage

 

Term
Natural Selection is the...
Definition

Process in nature that results in only the most fit    (best adapted) organisms survive, reproduce, and pass on their genes to the next generation

 

Term
Vestigial Organs are...
Definition
Structures that have reduced function or no function at all but were once used by ancestors 
Term
Examples of Vestigial Organs include...
Definition
Appendix, Whale Femur
Term
Analogous Structures are...
Definition
Body parts that have a similar function but are not from a common ancestor 
Term
Homologous Structures are...
Definition
Similar structures and embryonic development but with different functions suggesting a common ancestor 
Term
Evolution is...
Definition
Change in a kind of organism over time 
Term
Phylogeny is the...
Definition
Evolutionary history of a species 
Term
Relative Dating is when the...
Definition

Position of fossils in rocks gives an idea of the age; assumes top layers are the youngest

 

Term
Absolute Dating determines the age by...
Definition
Looking at the amount of radioactive decay 
Term
Behavioral Isolation =>
Definition
Reproductive Isolation
Term
Behavioral Isolation is...
Definition
Any mechanism that prevents two 2 different populations from successfully interbreeding 
Term
Geographic Isolation is...
Definition
Often the original factor separating two populations from interbreeding 
Term
Camouflage is an...
Definition
Adaptation that enables species to blend in with their surroundings 
Term

Organisms that are not closely related will have... 

Definition

Many differences in their amino acids

 

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