Term
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Definition
TRADE NAME: Proventil, Ventolin
INDICATIONS: Bronchospasm and asthma in COPD
CONTRADINCATIONS: Hypersensitivity to the drug, history of cardiac disease, heart rate >150 in adults, heart rate >200 in pediatrics
SIDE EFFECTS: Increased pulse rate (tachycardia), anxiety, nausea, cough, wheezing, tremors and/ or dizziness
DOSAGE/ROUTE: Adult: 2.5-5.0 mg (3cc) via nebulizer continuously, x3 doses, if no history of cardiac disease and heart rate<150
Pediatric: 2.5mg (3cc) via nebulizer continuously, x3 doses, if no history of cardiac disease and heart rate<200
ACETAMINOPHEN
TRADE NAME: Tylenol, Anacin-3
INDICATIONS: For pain and fever control
CONTRADINCATIONS: Hypersensitivity, children under 3 years
SIDE EFFECTS: When used appropriately, side effects with acetaminophen are rare. The most serious side effect is liver damage due to large doses
DOSAGE/ROUTE: Adult: 1000mg PO
Pediatric: 10mg/kg PO |
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Term
| ASPIRIN (Acetylsalicylic Acid) |
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Definition
TRADE NAME: Alka-Seltzer, Bayer, Emperin, St Joseph Children’s
INDICATIONS: Chest pain suggestive of an MI
CONTRADINCATIONS: Hypersensitivity to salicylates, active ulcer disease, asthma
SIDE EFFECTS: Nausea, vomiting, heartburn, bleeding, bronchopasm and wheezing if patient is allergic
DOSAGE/ROUTE: Adult: chewable baby asperin (81mg each) PO
Pediatric: Not indicated |
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Term
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Definition
TRADE NAME:
INDICATIONS: Organophosphate poisoning (insecticides, pesticides, cyanide, mustard gas, Sarin)
CONTRADINCATIONS: None in an emergency setting
SIDE EFFECTS: Dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention, tachycardia, constipation, decreased sweating
DOSAGE/ROUTE: Adult: 1 to 2 mg IM otherwise as directed by medical control
Pediatric: Per medical control only
NOTE: All EMS personnel may self-administer or administer to a patient, by protocol and under medical direction, nerve agent kits containing Atropine and Pralidoxime through an auto-injector system. |
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Term
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Definition
TRADE NAME: Actidose
INDICATIONS: Acute ingested poisoning
CONTRADINCATIONS: An airway that cannot be controlled; ingestion of cyanide, mineral acids, caustic alkalis, organic solvents, iron, ethanol, menthanol.
SIDE EFFECTS: Constipation, diarrhea, temporary, darkening of the stool, vomiting
DOSAGE/ROUTE: Adult: 50 gms PO
Pediatric: 1g/kg PO, max 25 gms |
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Term
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Definition
TRADE NAME: Benadryl
INDICATIONS: Anaphylaxis and allergic reactions
CONTRADINCATIONS: Asthma and other lower respiratory disease
SIDE EFFECTS: Diphenhydramine can commonly cause sedation, tiredness sleepiness, dizziness, disturbed coordination, drying and thickening of oral and other respiratory secretions and stomach distress.
DOSAGE/ROUTE: Adult: 50Mg PO
Pediatric: NO PO dose indicated
NOTE: EMT Basics can administer Diphenhydramine in oral over-the-counter form as allowed by protocol and medical control |
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Term
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Definition
TRADE NAME: Adrenalin
INDICATIONS: Severe allergic reactions
CONTRADINCATIONS: Hypersensitivity to sympathomimetic amines, narrow angle glaucoma, hemorrhagic, traumatic, or cardiac shock; coronary insufficiency; dysrhythmias; organic brain or heart disease; or during labor.
SIDE EFFECTS: Increased heart rate, pallor, dizziness, chest pain, headache, nausea, vomiting, excitability, anxiety.
DOSAGE/ROUTE: Adult: 0.3 mg of 1: 1,000 if age <50 years
0.15 mg of 1: 1,000 if age >50 years
Pediatric: 0.15 mg of 1: 1,000
NOTE: EMT-Basics give Epinephrine through an auto-injector pen (Epi-Pen or Epr-Jr). |
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Term
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Definition
TRADE NAME: Glutose, Insta-Glucose
INDICATIONS: Patients with altered mental status and known history of diabetes mellitus
CONTRADINCATIONS: Unconsciousness; known diabetic who has not taken insulin for days; patient who is unable to swallow
SIDE EFFECTS: None when given properly; may be aspirated by the patient without a gag reflex
DOSAGE/ROUTE: Adult: One tube or packet; repeat based on BGL
Pediatric: One tube or packet; repeat based on BGL – minimum age 3 yrs |
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Term
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Definition
TRADE NAME: Advil, Motrin, Nuprin, Excedrin IB
INDICATIONS: Reduce fever and relieve minor to moderate pain
CONTRADINCATIONS: Allergies to aspirin or other NSAIDs; patients with history of GI bleeding (ulcers); renal insufficiency; patients currently taking anticoagulants such as Coumadin
SIDE EFFECTS: The most common side effects from Ibuprofen are rash, ringing in the ears, headaches, dizziness, drowsiness, abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, constipation and heartburn. NSAIDs reduce the ability of blood to clot and therefore increase bleeding after injury
DOSAGE/ROUTE: Adult: 400-800 mg PO
Pediatric: 10 mg/kg PO |
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Term
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Definition
TRADE NAME: Narcan
INDICATIONS: Narcotic and synthetic narcotic overdose, coma of unknown origin
CONTRADINCATIONS: Hypersensitivity to the drug, non-narcotic-induced respiratory depression
SIDE EFFECTS: Abrupt reversal of narcotic depression may result in nauseas, vomiting, sweating, tachycardia, increased blood pressure, tremulousness, seizures and cardiac arrest
DOSAGE/ROUTE: Adult: 1-2 mg nasally via atomizer
Pediatric: 0.1 mg/kg nasally via atomizer (max 2 mg), repeated in 5 minutes if no effect
NOTE: EMT administration of Naloxone is limited to the intra-nasal route (spray). |
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Term
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Definition
TRADE NAME: Afrin
INDICATIONS: Epistaxis (nose bleed), nasal intubation
CONTRADINCATIONS: Significant hypertension
SIDE EFFECTS: Sneezing or burning, stinging, dryness, or irritation of the nose. These side effects are usually mild and temporary
DOSAGE/ROUTE: Adult: 2 sprays in affected nostril
Pediatric: 1-2 sprays in affected nostril |
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Term
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Definition
TRADE NAME: Nitrostat
INDICATIONS: Chest pain associated with angina and acute myocardial infarction
CONTRADINCATIONS: Hypersensitivity, tolerance to nitrates, severe anemia, head trauma, hypotension, increased ICP, patient taking sildenafil (Viagra), glaucoma, and shock
SIDE EFFECTS: Hypotension (lowers blood pressure), head ache, pulse rate changes
DOSAGE/ROUTE: Adult: 1 tablet or spray (0.4 mg) SL every 5 minutes until pain free or 3 doses---if SBP <100, contact medical control
Pediatric: Not indicated
NOTE: EMT-Basic administration of nitroglycerin is restricted to patients who are under doctor’s orders with a prescription for the drug |
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Term
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Definition
INDICATIONS: Hypoxia or anticipated hypoxia, or in any medical or trauma patient to improve respiratory efficiency.
CONTRADINCATIONS: There are no contraindications to oxygen therapy
DOSAGE/ROUTE: Adult: 1-6 LPM via NC; 10-15 LPM via NRB; 15 LPM via BVM
Pediatric: 1-6 LPM via NC; 10-15 LPM via NRB; 15 LPM via BVM |
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Term
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Definition
TRADE NAME: 2-PAM
INDICATIONS: Organophosphate poisoning
CONTRADINCATIONS: Carbamate insecticides (Sevin), inorganic phosphates, and organophosphates having no anticholienesterase activity, asthma, peptic ulcer disease, severe cardiac disease or patients receiving aminophylline, theophylline, morphine, succinlycholine, reserpine, or phenothiazines.
SIDE EFFECTS: Blurred or double vision, difficulty in focusing eyes, difficulty in speaking, difficult or rapid breathing, dizziness, fast heartbeat muscle stiffness or weakness, pain at place of injection (after injection into a muscle)
DOSAGE/ROUTE: Adult: 600 mg IM
Pediatric: Per medical control only
NOTE: All EMS personnel may self-administer or administer to a patient, by protocol and under medical direction, nerve agent kits containing Atropine and Pralidoxime through an auto injector system |
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