Term
Linear Organizing Concept |
|
Definition
Series of spaces/rooms that are placed in a single line |
|
|
Term
Do all spaces have to be identical in a Linear Organizing Concept? |
|
Definition
| No they can be identical but can be different sizes/shapes as well |
|
|
Term
| Where should spaces in a linear organizing concept always relate to? |
|
Definition
| A unifying line, usually a path of circulation |
|
|
Term
| What are the advantages of a linear organizing concept? |
|
Definition
| Very adaptable & easily expandable |
|
|
Term
| Example of how the linear organizing concept is adaptable: |
|
Definition
| Can be straight, bent, or curved to work within existing architectural space |
|
|
Term
| Example of how the linear organizing concept is easily expandable: |
|
Definition
| Can be planned in a modular configuration if desired |
|
|
Term
| Axial Organizing Concept: |
|
Definition
| Have 2 or more major linear segments about which spaces & rooms are place |
|
|
Term
| What may be growing out of the primary axes of an axial organizing concept? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What angle do major linear segments connect to each other? |
|
Definition
| Can be right angle or some other angle |
|
|
Term
| Describe the axial organizing concept in more detail: |
|
Definition
| Usually have a featured termination @ 1 or more end axis or the axis is a mjor design element in itself |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 2 sets of spaced elements |
|
|
Term
| How are elements spaced in a grid organizing concept? |
|
Definition
| May be regularly spaced & perpendicular to each other or irregularyly space & at angles to each other or to architectural space |
|
|
Term
| What are the benefits of a grid organizing concept? |
|
Definition
Partitions can be subtracted, added or modified
Size of grid can be changed to creat different sizes or spaces to define special areas |
|
|
Term
| What is the negative aspect of a grid organizing concept? |
|
Definition
| Can be monotonous & confusing if not used properly |
|
|
Term
| How are spaces usually defined in a grid organizing concept? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is the grid organizing concept most appropriate? |
|
Definition
| Very large spaces or in buildings where a lot of circulation is required |
|
|
Term
| What is an example of a grid organizing concept? |
|
Definition
| Open plan workstations or restaurant tables |
|
|
Term
| Central organizing concept: |
|
Definition
| Based on 1 space or point about which 2ndary elements are placed |
|
|
Term
| Where does the central organizing concept place primary emphasis on? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An example of a place where the central organizing concept is used: |
|
Definition
A hotel lobby
-Usually a very formal method of organizing interiors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When more than 1 linear organization extends from a centralized point |
|
|
Term
| Features of radial organization: |
|
Definition
Have a central focus but also extend outward to connect with other spaces/rms
Can be circular or assume other shapes |
|
|
Term
| What is a common space planning mistake: |
|
Definition
| Letting adjacency requirements dictate the arranging of rms/spaces in the preliminary planning & then to connect rooms with a circulation path as an after thought |
|
|
Term
| What can happen if the circulation path is an after thought? |
|
Definition
| Left with a maze of awkward corridors & circulation routes that decrease efficiency & leave you with dead-end corridors or other exiting problems |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1 of primary ways of organizing a room, open space, or entire project |
|
|
Term
| Why are circulation patterns an important part of space planning? |
|
Definition
| vital to the efficient organization of space & provide people with the strongest orientatino within an environment |
|
|
Term
| What is circulation directly related to? |
|
Definition
The organization pattern/concept but it doesn't have to mimic it
ex: major circulation path can cut diagonally across a grid pattern |
|
|
Term
| Hierarchy of paths used in circulation: |
|
Definition
| Major routes connect major rms/spaces OR are spaces themselves & have 2ndary paths branching from them |
|
|
Term
| Why are different sizes & types of circulation important? |
|
Definition
| For accommodating varying capacities & for providing an orientation device for people |
|
|
Term
| Although all circulation paths are linear by nature, what are the 3 common variaties? |
|
Definition
1) Linear Dumbell Layout
2) Doughnut
3) Radial |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Simplest & one of most flexible
Spaces are laid out along a straight path that connects 2 major elements @ ends usually the entrance to the space or group of rooms @ one end & exit/other access point @ other end |
|
|
Term
| Where do primary entrances occur in a linear dumbell layout? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where are spaces lined out in a linear dumbell layout? |
|
Definition
| Along the spine as required |
|
|
Term
| How can the path in a linear dumbell layout accommodate fixed architectural spaces? |
|
Definition
| The path can be straight, bent, or curved |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Makes a complete loop
Provides a double-loaded corridor & automatically makes a continuous exitway, so 2 exits are always available if required by building coes |
|
|
Term
| Where are entries, doorways, & exits located in a doughnut layout? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where are doughnut layouts appropriate? |
|
Definition
| Larger groups of spaces because ratio of the circulation area to unusable area should be kept as low as possible |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Oriented on 1 major space with paths extending from central area |
|
|
Term
| Where are radial layouts generally used? |
|
Definition
When there is a major space that serves as a focal point for 2ndary spaces
-Like a hotel lobby |
|
|
Term
| Where must the ends of linear routes extending from the central space lead in a radial layout? |
|
Definition
| To an exit or loop around to the central space since building codes in commercial construction require @ least 2 paths ot an exit |
|
|
Term
| When is a corridor allowed not to terminate in an exit |
|
Definition
| Only if building code allows dead-end corridors not exceeding 20' |
|
|
Term
| What are some of the 1st steps in furnishing layout |
|
Definition
| determine overall context of rm/space where furniture will be placed and determine types & # of individual pieces (often uncovered in programming) |
|
|
Term
| What are fixed items that must be determined before starting the furniture layout? |
|
Definition
| window locations & structural elements |
|
|
Term
| Why is good door placement important to the furniture layout? |
|
Definition
| So it doesn't create awkward circulation paths through area best used for furniture grouping |
|
|
Term
| Grouping creates planning module consisting of 3 elements: |
|
Definition
| individual pieces of furniture, space around them, access points to get to the grouping |
|
|
Term
| What are a couple of considerations for a furniture layout? |
|
Definition
The space between the pieces & their orientation to each other
General access to grouping & its relationship to existing elements wi/ room |
|
|
Term
| What is one of the first code restrictions/regulatons to consider in space plan? |
|
Definition
| Verify that you have required # of exits from individual rooms & entire space |
|
|
Term
| How many doors are required for smaller/non assembly spaces? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many doors are required for larger occupant loads |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When 2 exits are required, what are the separation requirements? |
|
Definition
| must be separated by distance @ least 1/2 of diagonal distance of room or area they serve |
|
|
Term
| What size should exit doors be? |
|
Definition
| 3' wide and swing in the direction of travel |
|
|
Term
| What is the minimum corridor exit width? |
|
Definition
| usually 36"w for residential & 44"wide for commercial |
|
|
Term
| What is the best adequate width to plan for corridors? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of corridors should you try to avoid planning altogether? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tips for corridor planning: |
|
Definition
plan for efficient layout so total length is maximized
verify that corridor widths, turns, & other clearances meet requirements for accessibility for physically disabled |
|
|
Term
| Where is adequate clearance especially needed to relationship to doors for accessibility considerations? |
|
Definition
| in front of & side of door openings |
|
|
Term
| What do bubble diagrams or matricies help manage? |
|
Definition
| Record adjacencies & varying levels of connections |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 connections of adjacencies? |
|
Definition
| mandatory, desired, not important |
|
|
Term
| Where should mandatory adjacencies be placed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How are spaces with less important adjacencies situated if they can't be abutted? |
|
Definition
| often separated & usually with corridors |
|
|
Term
| How can mandatory adjacencies be maintained? |
|
Definition
| by translating roughly scaled bubble diagrams to scale |
|
|
Term
| What can be used as a starting point for locating partitions & other area separations? |
|
Definition
| The bubble diagram can be laid over the base floor plan |
|
|
Term
| How does a good space plan recognize the need for different levels of privacy? |
|
Definition
| Base on type of occupany & function of space |
|
|
Term
| What can be used to separate different levels of privacy? |
|
Definition
| Barriers, distance, sequencing |
|
|
Term
| How can you recognize what level of openness a space plan requires? |
|
Definition
| Could be specified in program or implied based on the type of space or function |
|
|
Term
| What are the advantages of an open floor plan? |
|
Definition
| Encourages communication, improves appearance of space, reduces cost by making hard construction unnecessary |
|
|
Term
| How can an open floor plan be fostered/created? |
|
Definition
| By low partitions, systems furniture, freestanding panels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A floor plan drawing of the existing space within which the new design will be placed |
|
|
Term
| Why will the entire floor of the existing building be used, even if the tenant will use only a portion of the floor? |
|
Definition
| To show the position of the tenant on the floor, the extent of the public corridors, the location of the entry or elevator lobby, service entrances, the location of the exits, the location of public restrooms, & other public/semipublic spaces |
|
|
Term
| What should be used whenever possible for sustainable design? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Doors must not encroach by how much into an exit space when fully open? |
|
Definition
|
|
