Term
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Definition
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Term
| Name the parasites found in the abomasum. |
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Definition
Haemonchus contortus
Ostertagia ostertagi
O./Telodorsagia circumcincta
Trichostrongylus axei |
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Term
| List the DF that allow ID. |
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Definition
H. contortus:
- striped red & white when fresh;
- largest (20-34 mm);
- M has asymmetrical dorsal lobe and barbed spicules;
- F has a linguiform vulval flap;
Ostertagia species:
- Brown when fresh;
- Medium size (7-12 mm);
- Have a vulval flap;
- Tail striations are seen on T. circumcincta;
- T. circumcincta is more common in S & G;
T. axei:
- smallest (5-8 mm);
- excretory pore in obvious notch;
- M has short spicules which are equal and dissimilar;
- F will have less than 12 eggs in uterus; |
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Term
| Name the parasites found in the SI. |
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Definition
Trichostrongyloidea:
- Trichostrongylus colubriformis, vitrinus;
- Nematodirus spathiger, filicollis, battus, abnormalis;
- Cooperia curticei, oncophora, punctata, mcmasteri;
Ancylostamoidea:
- Bunostomum trigonocephalum;
Rhabditoidea:
- Strongyloides papillosus;
Trichinelloidea:
- Capillaria bovis, longipes, brevipes; |
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Term
| List the DF that allow ID to Superfamily level. |
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Definition
Trichostrongyloids will be small, hairlike, slender, have few cuticular appendages, b.c. is vestigial, simple mouth.
Ancylostomatoids will have a dorsally bent buccal end, large b.c. with cutting plates and teeth.
Rhabditoids will be very small worms, with small b.c. and no copulatory bursa.
Trichinelloids will have a stichosome oesophagus, be whip-like and have no copulatory bursa. |
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Term
| List the DF that allow ID of different Trichostrongyloids. |
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Definition
Trichostrongylus species:
- small (5-8 mm);
- excretory pore in obvious notch;
- F will have less than 12 eggs in uterus;
- M spicules will be short and T. colubriformis will have slipper shaped spicules, while T. vitrinus will have smoothly pointed spicules;
Nematodirus species:
- large (10-25 mm);
- cephalic dilation;
- large eggs;
- wider posteriorly, anterior end will be coiled and convoluted;
- F will have a truncated tail with spine;
- M will have long, thin spicules joined at the tip;
- N. battus not found in NZ;
- N. abnormalis not found in G, and is uncommon in S;
- N. spathiger and filicollis both commonly found in S;
Cooperia species:
- small (4.5-9mm);
- cephalic dilation;
- F have pointed tails;
- M have short spicules;
- C. curticei commonly found in sheep, oncophora, punctata and mcmasteri more often found in C; |
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Term
| List the DF that allow ID of Ancylostomatoids. |
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Definition
There is only one.
Bunostomum trigonocephalum:
- 12-26 mm;
- b.c. has 2-4 teeth at base;
- cutting plates are smooth edged; |
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Term
| List the DF that allow ID of Rhabditoids. |
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Definition
There is only one.
Strongyloides papillosus:
- Only females in host;
- Long, narrow oesophagus;
- Eggs have L1;
- No ovijector;
- Intestine/Uterus entwined;
- Blunt tail; |
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Term
| List the DF that allow ID of different Trichinelloids. |
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Definition
There are none, they all have the same characteristics.
Capillaria bovis, longipes, and brevipes:
- 5-50 mm;
- Thin, delicate, stichosome oesophagus;
- Eggs similar to Trichuris (lemon-shaped); |
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Term
| Name the parasites found in the LI. |
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Definition
Strongyloidea:
- Chabertia ovina;
- Oesophagostomum venulosum, columbianum;
Trichinelloidea:
- Trichuris ovis, globulosa; |
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Term
| List the DF that allow ID to Superfamily level. |
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Definition
Strongyloids will have large b.c., with leaf crowns and teeth usually present.
Trichinelloids will have a stichosome oesophagus, be whip-like and not have a copulatory bursa. |
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Term
| List the DF that allow ID of different Strongyloids. |
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Definition
Chabertia ovina:
- larger (1.5-2.0cm);
- have a large bell-shaped b.c. with no teeth;
Oesophagostomum species:
- 8-20 mm;
- Oe. columbianum not found in NZ, but has a wide cervical alae;
- Oe. venulosum is common in S & G, and has a narrow cervical alae; |
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Term
| List the DF that allow ID of different Trichinelloids. |
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Definition
There are none that differ between species.
Trichurus species:
- 3-8 cm;
- Anterior part narrow, posterior wide;
- Stichosome oesophagus;
- M will have 1 spicule and sheath;
- F have lemon shaped eggs, with yellow/brown bipolar plugs. |
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Term
| Name the parasites found in the Respiratory System. |
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Definition
Trichostrongyloidea:
- Dictyocaulus filaria
Metastrongyloidea:
- Muellerius capillaris |
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Term
| List the DF that will allow ID of different parasites. |
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Definition
Dictyocaulus filaria:
- longer (up to 10cm);
- Eggs contain L1;
- Short, brown spicules;
Muellerius capillaris:
- Up to 5cm;
- Thin, delicate; |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Name the parasites found in the abomasum. |
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Definition
Haemonchus contortus, placei.
Ostertagia ostertagi
O./T. circumcincta
Trichostrongylus axei |
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Term
| List the DF that allow ID. |
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Definition
Haemonchus species:
- striped red & white when fresh;
- largest (20-34 mm);
- M has asymmetrical dorsal lobe and barbed spicules;
- F has vulvar flap, is contortus this is linguiform, in placei it is knob like;
- H. contortus is common in NZ, placei is not found here;
- H. placei is more commonly found in C than contortus usually would be;
Ostertagia species:
- Brown when fresh;
- Medium size (7-12 mm);
- Have a vulval flap;
- Tail striations are seen on T. circumcincta;
- O. ostertagi is more common in cattle than circumcincta;
T. axei:
- smallest (5-8 mm);
- excretory pore in obvious notch;
- M has short spicules which are equal and dissimilar;
- F will have less than 12 eggs in uterus; |
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Term
| Name the parasites found in the SI. |
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Definition
Trichostrongyloidea:
- Trichostrongylus colubriformis, vitrinus, longispicularis.
- Nematodirus spathiger, filicollis, abnormalis, helvetianus.
- Cooperia curticei, oncophora, punctata, mcmasteri, pectinata.
Ancylostomatoidea:
- Bunostomum phlebotomum;
Rhabditoidea:
- Strongyloides papillosus;
Trichinelloidea:
- Capillaria bovis, longipes, brevipes. |
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Term
| List the DF that allow ID to Superfamily level. |
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Definition
Trichostrongyloids are small, hairlike, slender, have few cuticular appendages, b.c. vestigial and a simple mouth.
Ancylostomatoids are bent dorsally at the buccal end, have a large b.c. with cutting plates and teeth.
Rhabditoids are very small worms, with small b.c. and no copulatory bursa.
Trichinelloids have a stichosome oesophagus, are whip-like and have no copulatory bursa. |
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Term
| List the DF that allow ID of different Trichostrongyloids. |
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Definition
Trichostrongylus species:
- small (5-8 mm);
- excretory pore in obvious notch;
- F will have less than 12 eggs in uterus;
- M will have short spicules. In T. colubriformis these are equal, similar and slipper shaped, in T. vitrinus they are equal, similar and smoothly pointed, in T. longispicularis they are relatively larger, slender and subequal.
Nematodirus species:
- larger (10-25 mm);
- cephalic dilation;
- large eggs;
- wider posteriorly, anterior end coiled and convoluted;
- F have a truncated tail with spine;
- M have long thin spicules that join at the tip;
- Most likely to be N. helvetianus as it is common in C, spathiger and filicollis occasionally parasitise C, and abnormalis is uncommon.
Cooperia species:
- mid-size (4.5-9mm);
- cephalic dilation;
- F have pointed tails;
- M have short spicules;
- C. pectinata not in NZ;
- C. punctata, oncophora and mcmasteri common in C in NZ, while curticei only occurs occasionally; |
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Term
| List the DF that allow ID of Ancylomastoids. |
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Definition
There is only one.
Bunostomum phlebotomum:
- 12-26 mm;
- b.c. has 2-4 teeth at base;
- cutting plates are smooth-edged; |
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Term
| List the DF that allow ID of Rhabditoids. |
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Definition
There is only one.
Strongyloides papillosus:
- Only females in host;
- Long, narrow oesophagus;
- Eggs with L1;
- No ovijector;
- Intestine/Uterus entwined;
- Blunt tail; |
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Term
| List the DF that allow ID of different Trichinelloids. |
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Definition
There are none. Capillaria species have similar characteristics.
Capillaria bovis, longipes, brevipes:
- 5-50 mm;
- thin, delicate, stichosome oesophagus;
- eggs lemon-shaped; |
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Term
| Name the parasites found in the LI. |
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Definition
Strongyloidea:
- Chabertia ovina;
- Oesophagostomum venulosum, radiatium.
Trichinelloidea:
- Trichuris globulosa; |
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Term
| List the DF that allow ID to Superfamily level. |
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Definition
Strongyloids have large b.c., leaf crowns and teeth are usually present.
Trichinelloids have a stichosome oesophagus, are whip-like worms and have no copulatory bursa. |
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Term
| List the DF that allow ID of different Strongyloids. |
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Definition
Chabertia ovina:
- larger (1.5-2.0cm);
- have a large bell-shaped b.c. with no teeth;
Oesophagostomum species:
- smaller (8-20mm);
- Oe. radiatum is more common in C than venulosum. It has no external leaf crown; |
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Term
| List the DF that allow ID of Trichinelloids. |
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Definition
There is only one.
Trichuris globulosa:
- 3-8 cm;
- Anterior narrow, posterior wide;
- Oesophagus stichosome;
- M has 1 spicule and sheath;
- F has lemon shaped eggs with yellow/brown bipolar plugs; |
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Term
| Name the parasites found in the Respiratory System. |
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Definition
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Term
| List the DF that allow ID of this parasite. |
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Definition
Dictyocaulus viviparus:
- Up to 10 cm long;
- Long, thin, white;
- Eggs contain L1;
- Short brown spicules; |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Name the parasites found in the Stomach. |
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Definition
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Term
| List the DF that allow ID of this parasite. |
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Definition
Capillaria erinacei:
- 5-50 mm;
- Thin, delicate, sticohosome oesophagus;
- eggs lemon-shaped; |
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Term
| Name the parasites found in the Small Intestine. |
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Definition
Ancylostomatoidea:
- Uncinaria stenocephala
- Ancylostoma caninum
Rhabditoidea:
- Strongyloides stercoralis
Ascaridoidea:
- Toxocara canis
- Toxascaris leonina |
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Term
| List the DF that allow ID to Superfamily level. |
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Definition
Ancylostomatoids will be bent dorsally at the buccal end, have large b.c. with cutting plates and teeth.
Rhabditoids are very small worms, with a small b.c. and no copulatory bursa.
Ascaridoids are large, white, opaque worms, with no b.c., no copulatory bursa, and have a mouth surrounded by 3 lips. |
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Term
| List the DF that allow ID of different Ancylostomatoids. |
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Definition
Uncinaria stenocephala:
- 5-12 mm;
- b.c. with 2 teeth at base;
- smooth edged cutting plates;
Ancylostoma caninum:
- 10-16 mm;
- b.c. with 4 teeth at base;
- cutting plates divided into 3 teeth; |
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Term
| List the DF that allow ID of different Rhabditoids. |
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Definition
There is only one.
Strongyloides sterocoralis:
- only females in host;
- long, narrow oesophagus;
- eggs with L1;
- no ovijector;
- Intestine/Uterus entwined;
- Blunt tail; |
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Term
| List the DF that allow ID of different Ascaridoids. |
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Definition
Toxocara canis:
- M up to 10cm, F up to 18cm;
- Oesophagus with posterior bulb;
- eggs pitted outside, round or oval;
- M has finger like process on tail;
Toxascaris leonina:
- M up to 6cm, F up to 10cm;
- Oesophagus without posterior bulb;
- Eggs smooth, oval;
- M - no tail process; |
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Term
| Name the parasites found in the LI. |
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Definition
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Term
| List the DF that allow ID of this parasite. |
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Definition
Trichuris vulpis:
- 3-8 cm;
- Anterior narrow, posterior wide;
- Oesophagus stichosome;
- M - 1 spicule and sheath;
- F - lemon shaped eggs with yellow/brown bipolar plugs; |
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Term
| Name the parasites found in the Respiratory System. |
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Definition
Metastrongyloidea:
- Filaroides osleri
Trichinelloidea:
- Capillaria aerophila |
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Term
| List the DF that allow ID of these different parasites. |
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Definition
Filaroides osleri:
- small b.c.;
- is very rare;
Capillaria aerophila:
- 5-50mm;
- Thin, delicate, stichosome oesophagus;
- eggs lemon-shaped;
- also not common; |
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Term
| Name the parasites found in the Heart. |
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Definition
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Term
| List the DF that allow ID of this parasite. |
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Definition
Dirofilaria immitis:
- 20-30cm long;
- long, thin;
- no bursate;
- not in NZ; |
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Term
| Name the parasites found in the S/C and IM CT. |
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Definition
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Term
| List the DF that allow ID of this parasite. |
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Definition
Dipetalonema reconditum:
- Long, thin;
- non-bursate;
- uncommon; |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Name the parasites found in the Stomach. |
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Definition
Trichostrongyloidea:
- Ollulanus tricuspis
Trichinelloidea:
- Capillaria erinacei |
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Term
| List the DF that allow ID of each of these parasites. |
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Definition
Ollulanus tricuspis:
- small, slender, simple mouth, small b.c.;
- up to 1mm;
- F has divided tail and is larviparous;
- M has small copulatory bursa;
Capillaria erinacei:
- stichosome oesophagus, whip-like, non-bursate;
- 5-50mm;
- thin, delicate;
- eggs lemon shaped; |
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Term
| Name the parasites found in the SI. |
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Definition
Rhabditoidea:
- Strongyloides sterocoralis
Ascaridoidea:
- Toxocara cati
- Toxascaris lenonina |
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Term
| List the DF that allow ID of the different parasites. |
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Definition
Strongyloides sterocoralis:
- v. small;
- only females in host;
- long, narrow oesophagus;
- Eggs with L1;
- no ovijector;
- Intestine/Uterus entwined;
- blunt tail;
Ascaridoids will be large, white, opaque, have no b.c. or copulatory bursa, mouth is surrounded by 3 lips.
Toxocara cati:
- M up to 10cm, F up to 18cm;
- Oesophagus with posterior bulb;
- Eggs pitted outside, round or oval;
- M has finger like process on tail;
- broad cervical alae;
Toxascaris leonina:
- M up to 6cm, F up to 10cm;
- narrow cervical alae;
- oesophagus without posterior bulb;
- Eggs smooth, oval;
- M has no process on tail;
- uncommon; |
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Term
| Name the parasites found in the Respiratory System. |
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Definition
Metastrongyloidea:
- Aelurostrongylus abstrusus
Trichinelloidea:
- Capillaria aerophila |
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Term
| List the DF that allow ID of these parasites. |
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Definition
Aelurostrongylus abstrusus:
- small b.c.;
- 7.5-10mm;
- thin, fragile;
- common;
Capillaria aerophilia:
- stichosome oesophagus;
- whiplike worms;
- non-bursate;
- 5-50 mm;
- thin, delicate;
- eggs lemon shaped;
- not common; |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Name the parasites found in the Stomach. |
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Definition
Trichostrongyloidea:
- Trichostrongylus axei
Habronematoidea:
- Habronema (and Draschia) |
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Term
| List the DF that allow ID of these parasites. |
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Definition
Trichostrongylus axei:
- small, slender, simple mouth;
- 5-8 mm;
- excretory pore in obvious notch;
- M has short spicules that are equal and dissimilar;
- F has less than 12 eggs;
Habronema:
- Probably not in NZ;
- 2.5-5 cm;
- non-bursate;
- small b.c.;
- Elongate eggs with thin-shells; |
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Term
| Name the parasites found in the SI. |
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Definition
Rhabditoidea:
- Strongyloides westeri
Ascaridoidea:
- Parascaris equorum |
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