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NERVOUS SYSTEM
NERVOUS SYSTEM
71
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
02/10/2011

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Term
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
Definition
BRAIN & SPINAL CORD. STRUCTURAL DIVISION
Term
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
Definition
CRANIAL NERVES & SPINAL CORD. STRUCTURAL DIVISION
Term
SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
Definition
CONTROLLED VOLUNTARILY. EFFECTORS ARE SKELETAL MUSCLE
Term
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
Definition
INVOLUNTARILY. EFFCTORS ARE SMOOTH MUSCLE, CARDIAC MUSCLE, & GLANDS
Term
AUTNOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
Definition
PATHWAYS CONTAIN 2 MOTOR NEURONS. SPINAL CORD TO GANGLION, GANGLION TO EFFECTOR
Term
SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
Definition
RESPONSE TO STRESS. FIGHT OR FLIGHT RESPONSE. STIMULATE, INCREASE, DIALATE
Term
SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
Definition
RELEASE NEUROTRANSMITTER EPINEPHRINE & NOREPINEPHRINE TO THEIR EFFECTORS
Term
CELIAC GANGLION
Definition
SENDS FIBERS MAINLY TO DIGESTIVE ORGANS
Term
UPERIOR MESENTERIC GANGLION
Definition
SENDS FIBERS TO LARGE & SMALL INTESTINES
Term
INFERIOR MESENTERIC GANGLION
Definition
SENDS FIBERS TO DISTAL LARGE INTESTINE, ORGANS OF URINARY, REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS
Term
ADRENERGIC
Definition
ACTIVATED BY ADRENALINE
Term
PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
Definition
RELEASE NEUROTRANSMITTER ACETYLCHOLINE (ACH)
Term
PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
Definition
FIBERS FROM CELL BODIES IN BRAINSTEM & LOWER PART OF SPINAL CORD EXTENDS TO AUTONOMIC GANGLIA NEAR OR WITHIN WALLS OF EFFECTOR ORGANS (TERMINAL GANGLIA). STIMULATE INVOLUNTARY TISSUES
Term
MAIN PORTION OF A NEURON
Definition
CELL BODY
Term
DENDRITES
Definition
FIBERS THAT CONDUCT IMPULSES TO THE CELL BODY. HIGHLY BRANCHED RECEPTORS
Term
AXONS
Definition
FIBERS THAT CONDUCT IMPULSES AWAY FROM THE CELL BODY. TO ANOTHER NEURON, MUSCLE, OR GLAND
Term
AXON
Definition
SINGLE FIBER, MAY GIVE OFF BRANCHES, ENDING IS BRANCHED
Term
WHITE MATTER
Definition
NERVOUS TISSUE COMPOSED OF MYELINATED FIBERS
Term
MYELIN SHEATH
Definition
FATTY MATERIAL THAT INSULATES & PROTECTS SOME AXONS. SPEEDS CONDUCTION ALONG FIBERS
Term
ASTROCYTES
Definition
PROTECTIVE CELLS THAT ATTACH TO CAPILLARIES TO HELP PROTECT THE BRAIN FROM HARMFUL SUBSTANCES
Term
SCHWANN CELLS
Definition
PROTECTIVE CELLS THAT PRODUCE MYELIN LAYERS IN THE PNS
Term
NODES
Definition
SMALL SPACES BETWEEN THE INDIVIDUAL CELLS.
Term
SALUTATORY CONDUCTION
Definition
ACTION POTENTIAL JUMPS NODE TO NODE
Term
NEURILEMMA
Definition
SCHWANN CELLS'OUTERMOST MEMBRANE
Term
SENSORY NEURONS
Definition
AFFERENT NEURONS. IMPULSE TOWARD CNS
Term
MOTOR NEURONS
Definition
EFFERENT NEURONS. IMPULSE AWAY FROM CNS
Term
NERVE BUNDLE IN THE PNS
Definition
NERVE
Term
NERVE BUNDLE IN THE CNS
Definition
TRACT
Term
ENDONEURIUM
Definition
AROUND INDIVIDUAL FIBER
Term
PERINEURIM
Definition
AROUND A FASCICLE
Term
EPINEURIUM
Definition
AROUND THE WHOLE NERVE
Term
NEUROGLIA
Definition
DOES NOT CONDUCT
Term
NEUROGLIA
Definition
PROTECT & NOURISH NERVOUS TISSUE
Term
NEUROGLIA
Definition
SUPPORT NERVOUS TISSUE & BIND IT TO OTHER STRUCTURES
Term
NEUROGLIA
Definition
AID IN REPAIR OF CELLS
Term
EUROGLIAACT AS PHAGOCYTES TO REMOVE PATHOGENS & IMPURITIES
Definition
Term
NEUROGLIA
Definition
REGULATE THE COMPOSITION OF FLUIDS AROUND & BETWEEN CELLS
Term
MYOSIN
Definition
PULL ACTIN STRANDS CLOSER TOGETHER
Term
CALCIUM
Definition
MOVES TROPONIN AND TROPOMYYOSIN AWAY FROM BINDING SITES ON ACTIN FILAMENTS
Term
ACTION POTENTIAL
Definition
POTENTIAL ACTION
Term
DEPOLARIZATION
Definition
SODIUM CHANNELS OPEN, SODIUM IONS (Na+) RUSHES IN, REGION OF POSITIVE CHARGE WITHIN
Term
REPOLARIZATION
Definition
POTASSIUM CHANNELS OPEN & POTASSIUM IONS (K+)EXIT, CHARGE IS BROUGHT BACK TO RESTING POTENTIAL
Term
SYNAPSE
Definition
POINT AT WHICH NERVE IMPULSES ARE TRANSFERED FROM ONE CELL TO ANOTHER
Term
SYNAPTIC CLEFT
Definition
TINY GAP BETWEEN PRESYNAPTIC & POSTSYNAPTIC CELL
Term
RECEPTORS
Definition
IN THE POSTSYNAPTIC CELL RESPOND (OR NOT) TO SPECIFIC NEUROTRANSMITTERS
Term
RECEPTORS
Definition
IN THE POSTSYNAPTIC CELL RESPOND (OR NOT) TO SPECIFIC NEUROTRANSMITTERS
Term
EFFECTOR
Definition
MUSCLE OR GLAND THAT RESPONDS TO A STIMULUS
Term
ACETYLCHOLINE
Definition
NEUROTRANSMITTER RELEASED AT SYNAPSE OF NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION
Term
NMJ
Definition
POINT WHICH NERVE FIBER CONTACTS MUSCLE CELL
Term
MOTOR END PLATE
Definition
MUSCLE CELL MEMBRANE THAT RECEIVES THE NEUROTRANSMITTER FROM THE NEURON
Term
ELECTRICLE SYNAPSE
Definition
SMOOTH MUSCLE, CARDIAC MUSCLE, ALSO IN CNS
Term
GRAY MATTER
Definition
TWO PAIRS OF COLUMNS, DORSAL & VENTRAL HORNS, SURROUNDED BY A LARGER AREA OF WHITE MATTER
Term
GRAY COMMISSURE
Definition
BRIDGE OF GRAY MATTER THAT CONNECTS RIGHT & LEFT HORNS
Term
CENTRAL CANAL
Definition
SMALL CHANNEL IN THE CENTER OF GRAY COMMISSURE. CONTAINS CEREBROSPINAL FLUID
Term
POSTERIOR MEDIAN SULCUS
Definition
DIVIDES RIGHT & LEFT PORTIONS OF POSTERIOR WHITE MATTER
Term
ANTERIOR MEDIAN FISSURE
Definition
SEPARATES RIGHT & LEFT PORTION OF ANTERIOR WHITE MATTER
Term
ASCENDING TRACTS
Definition
SENSORY AFFERENT IMPULSES ENTER THE SPINAL CORD, TRANSMITTED TOWARD THE BRAIN
Term
DECENDING TRACTS
Definition
MOTOR EFFERENT IMPULSES TRAVELING FROM THE BRAIN
Term
REFLEX ARC
Definition
COMPLETE PATHWAY THROUGH THE NERVOUS SYSTEM FROM STIMULUS TO RESPONSE
Term
SIMPLE REFLEX
Definition
RAPID AUTOMATIC RESPONSE INVOLVING VERY FEW NEURONS
Term
SPINAL NERVES
Definition
31 PAIRS
Term
GANGLION
Definition
COLLECTION OF NERVE CELL BODIES LOCATED OUTSIDE THE CNS
Term
PLEXUS
Definition
SPINAL NERVES THAT FORM BRANCHES TO BODY PARTS
Term
CERVICAL PLEXUS
Definition
NECK, BACK OF HEAD, DIAPHRAGM
Term
BRACHIAL PLEXUS
Definition
SHOULDER ARM, FOREARM, WRIST & HAND
Term
LUMBOSACRAL PLEXUS
Definition
NERVES TO THE PELVIS & LEGS. LARGEST BRANCH IS SCIATIC NERVE
Term
DERMATOMES
Definition
SENSORY NEURONS FROM ALL OVER THE SKIN
Term
CHOLINERGIC RECEPTORS BIND
Definition
Ach
Term
NICOTINIC RECEPTORS ARE ON
Definition
SKELETAL MUCLE CELLS
Term
MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS ARE ON
Definition
CELLS OF PNS. Ach CAN EITHER STIMULATE OR INHIBIT RECEPTORS DEPENDING ON THE EFFECTOR ORGAN
Term
WHICH DIVISION OF THE ANS HAS GANGLIA CLOSER TO THE EFFECTOR ORGAN
Definition
PARASYMPATHETIC DIVISION
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