what are nuclei

aggregations of nerve cell populations inside the CNS

what are lamina

the same as nuclei aggregations of nerve cell populations but they are called lamina by some when inside the spinal cord

what is the clinical significance of the lumbar cistern

this is where you would take a spinal tap

what happens at the posterolateral sulcus

the posterior root enters

what happens at the anterolateral sulcus

anterior root leaves

what is the denticulate ligament

ligament that anchors the meninges to the spinal cord

what sensory nerve come directly back to the cerebral cortex

olfactory nerves

what is the intergrating center for almost all sensory input

thalmus

what is the difference between the somatic and visceral motor components

somatic = integrates body components and their activity

visceral = maintains internal environment within narrow limits

 at what spinal level does the spinal cord end

L-2

what type of fibers are in the posterior gray horn

sensory afferent fibers

what type of fibers are in the anterior gray horn

motor or efferent fibers

the dorsal root contains which type or types of fibers

sensory only

the anterior root contains which type or types of fibers

motor only

 what order of cell bodies are located within the dorsal root ganglia

1st order cell bodies

anterior and posterior rami contain which type or types of fibers

both contain motor and sensory fibers

 primary rami or spinal nerves contain which type or types of fibers

both types

 what are ganglia

agregations of nerve cell bodies outside the CNS

 what is significant about all motor ganglia

they are all autonomic

what types of rami are contained in limb plexi

anterior rami

what are the two limb plexi

brachial

lumbosacral

what are the spinal levels of the lumbosacral plexus

L2 to S3

what is the anterior division of the lumbosacral plexus

 iliohypogastric

ilioinguinal

gentiofemoral

obturator

what is the posterior division of the lumbosacral plexus

lateral femoral cutaneous

femoral nerve

which nerve has both anterior and posterior divisions from the lumbosacral plexus

sciatic nerve

tibial = posterior

common fibular = anterior

what is the origin of preganglionic neurons in the autonomic nervous system

cell bodies in CNS

Lateral gray horn

what is the location of the postganglionic neurons in the autonomic nervous system

in ganglia

which are myleniated which are not

preganglionic and postganglionic

preganglionic = myelinated

postganglionic = non-myelinated

what types of ganglia are associated with the parasympathetic and sympathetic systems

para = terminal

symp = paravertebral and prevertebral

 what are the characteristics of parasympathetic fibers

pre ganglionic = long

post ganglionic = short

what are the characteristics of sympathetic fibers

pregang = short

postgang = long

what neurotransmitters are associated with the autonomic nervous system

acetylcholine at all autonomic ganglionic sites

and parasympathetic effector sites

norepinephrine at sympathetic effector sites

general refers to what in regards to nerve components

neurons found in brainstem and spinal cord

special refers to what in regards to nerve components

neurons only in brainstem and only associated with cranial nerves

what components are found on the alar plate

 SSA

GSA

SVA

GVA

what components are found on the basilar plate

GVE

SVE

GSE

where are the sensory nuclei generally located on brainstem

more posterior

 where are the motor nuclei generally located on the brainstem

 more anterior

what nuclei is associated with optic nerve, what are the components and what is its function

Nuclei = lateral geniculate (body of thalmus)

Component = SSA

Function = Vision

what is the motor nuclei, components, and functions associated with Occulomotor nerve

Motor nucleus of 3, GSE, Innervation of extraoccular muscles

Edingerwestphal nucleus, GVE, Parasympathetic innervation for accomodation of near vision (ciliary muscles), pupillary constriction

what is the nucleus, components, and function associated with the trochlear nerve

motor nucleus of 4, GSE, innervation of extraoccular muscle (superior obilque m)

what are the nuclei, components, and functions associated with trigeminal

motor nucleus of 5, SVE, innervation of masticatory muscles

Chief sensory nucleus, GSA, Sensations of touch, and pressure

Mesencephalic nucleus, GSA, Proprioception

Spinal nucleus of 5, GSA, sensation of pain and temp

what nerves send proprioreceptive fibers to the mesencephalic nucleus

3, 4, 6, 7, 9

what nucleus, components, and function is associated with abducens nerve

motor nucleus of 6

GSE

Innervation of extroccular muscles

(lateral rectus)

what nuclei, components, and functions are associated with facial nerve

motor nucleus of 7, SVE, innervation of muscles of facial expression

Superior salivatory nucleus, GVE, Parasympathetic secretomotor innervation of lacrimal gland, major salivary glands and mucosal glands

solitary nucleus (upper), SVA, taste sensation anterior 2/3 of tongue and palate

what nuclei components and functions are associated with the vestibulocochlear nerve

vestibular nuclei, SSA, Equilibrium

Cochlear nuclei, SSA, Hearing

what are the nuclei, components, and functions associated with the glossopharyngeal nerve

nucleus ambiguus, SVE, innveration of palatoglossus and stylopharyngus mm

inferior salivatory nucleus, GVE, secretomotor innervation of parotid gland parasympathetic

solitary nucleus (upper), SVA, taste sensation posterior 1/3 of tongue

spinal nucleus of 5, GSA, pain sensation posterior 1/3 of tongue and temp

what are the nuclei, components, and functions associated with the vagus nerve

Nucleus ambiguus, SVE, Innervation of pharyngeal and laryngeal mm

Dorsal vagal Nucleus, GVE, Parasympathetic innervation of heart, bronchioles, gut

Solitary nucleus (upper), SVA, taste sensation posterior root of tongue

Solitary nucleus (lower), GVA, Carotid sinus and carotid bodies (baro and chemo receptors)

Spinal nucleus of 5, GSA, pain sensation posterior root of tongue and lower pharynx

what are the nuclei, components, and function associated with the spinal accessory nerve

nucleus ambiguus, SVE, innervation of trapezius and sternocleomastoid mm

Accessory nucleus, GSE > SVE

what is the nucleus, components, and function associated with the hypoglossal nerve

 hypoglossal nucleus, GSE, innervation intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue

what are the sensory cranial nerve ganglia

1 = olfactory bulb

2 = ganglionic layer of retina

5 = trigeminal ganglion

7 = geniculate ganglia

8 = vestibular, spiral

9 = superior ganglion, inferior ganglion

10 = superior ganglion, inferior ganglion

 what are the motor cranial nerve ganglia

3 = ciliary

7 = pterygopalatine, submandibular

9 = Otic

10 = terminal

all GVE and parasympathetic

 SSA

1, 2, 8

GSA

5, (3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12)

 SVA

1, 7, 9, 10

GVA

9, 10

GVE

 3, 7, 9, 10

SVE

5, 7, 9, 10, 11

GSE

3, 4, 6, 12

what is the name, location and functional role of lamina 1

name: posterior marginal nucleus

location: entire spinal cord

functional role: perception of light touch, pain and temperature stimuli

what is the name, location, and functional role of lamina 2

name: substantia gelatinossa (pain gate)

location: entire spinal cord

functional role: relay nuclei for pain and temperature, and modulation of pain

what is the name, location and functional role of laminae 3 and 4

 name: nuclues proprius

location: entire cord

functional role: proprioception and referred pain, temperature

what it the name, location, and functional role of lamina 5

name: reticular nucleus

location: entire cord

functional role: pain temperature and light touch

what is the name location and functional role of lamina 6

name: comissural nucleus

location: C4 - T1 and L2 - S3

functional role: conscious proprioception

what is the number, location and functional role of the nucleus dorsalis of clarke

number: 7

location: C8 - L3

functional role: unconscious proprioception

what is the number, location and functional role of intermediomedial cell column

number : 1

location: T1 - L3 and S2 - S4

functional role: visceral sensations

what is the number, location, and functional role of intermediolateral cell column

number: 7

location: T1 - L3

functional role: visceral motor

(preganglionic sympathetic)

what is the number, location, and functional role of nucleus of onufrowicz

number: 7

location: S2 - S4

functional role: visceral motor

(preganglionic parasympathetic)

what is the name, location, and functional role of lamina 10

name: periependymal gray matter

location: entire cord

functional role: autonomic integration area

what is the name location and functional role of lamina 8

name: interneuron pool

location: entire cord

functional role: motor control and integration

what is the number, location and functional role of dorsomedial and vetromedial

number: 10

location: entire cord

functional role: axial motorneurons

trunk flexors and extensors

what is the number location and functional role of ventrolateral

 number:9

location: C5 - C8 and L2 - S2

functional role: appendicular motor neurons

arm and thigh flexors and extensors

what is the number location and functional role of dorsolateral

number: 9

location: C6 - C8 and L3 - S3

functional role: appendicular motorneurons

forearm and leg flexors and extensors

what is the number location, and functional role of retrodorsolateral

number: 9

location: C8, T1, S1 - S2

functional role: appendicular motorneurons

hand and foot flexors and extensors

what is the number location and functional role of central

number: 9

location: C3 - C5

functional role: motor control

diaphragm

what is the number location and functional role associated with spinal accessory

 number: 9

location: C1 - C6

functional role: motor control

lower sternocleomastoid and trapezius