Term
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Definition
| Time period between 4,600 to 600 million years ago. Marked by the oldest fossile of prokaryotes and eukaryotes. |
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Term
| (Date) Oldest fossils of eukaryotic cells |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
439 - 430
First jawed fish appear |
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Term
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Definition
543 - 510
Radiation of most modern animal phyla |
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Term
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Definition
510 - 439
Marine algae abundant; colonization of land by plants and arthropods |
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Term
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Definition
409-363
Diversification of bony fishes; first amphibians and insects |
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Term
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Definition
363 - 290
Forests of vascular plants; first seed plants; origin of reptiles; amphibians dominant |
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Term
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Definition
290-245
Extinction of many marine and terrestrial organisms (Permian mass extinction); radiation of reptiles; origins ofmammal-like reptiles and most modern orders of insects |
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Term
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Definition
245-206
Cone-bearing plants (gymnosperms) dominate landscape; radiation of dinosaurs |
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Term
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Definition
206-141
Gymosperms continue as dominant plants; dinosaurs abundant and diverse |
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Term
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Definition
| Flower plants (angiosperms) appear; many groups of organisms, including dinosaur, become extinct at end of period (cretacious extinction) |
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Term
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Definition
| Cenozoic - Mesozoic - Paleozoic - Precambrian |
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Term
| Which is the longest era? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which era has the most periods? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
65-57
Major radiation of mammals, birds, and pollinating insects |
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Term
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Definition
57-35
Angiosperm dominance increases; continued radiation of most modern mammalian orders |
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Term
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Definition
35-23
Origins of many primate groups, including apes |
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Term
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Definition
23-5
Continued radiation of mammals and angiosperms |
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Term
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Definition
5-1.8
Apelike ancestors of humans appear |
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Term
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Definition
1.8-0.01
Ice ages; humans appear |
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Term
| What is the purpose of science? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does the process of elimination play into science? |
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Definition
| Hypotheses are eliminated through science |
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Term
| How do we know something is living? |
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Definition
It can reproduce
It grows
It metabolizes (in some way)
It moves |
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Term
| What process maintains the sun? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do most mutations affect a species? |
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Definition
| Most are neutral and have low impact. |
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Term
| Why we do we suspect that all organisms came from one ancestor? |
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Definition
| Genetic code similarities. |
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Term
| Where is the oldest ancestor located on a taxonomical chart? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the five genera? |
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Definition
Mamalia
Amniota
Tetrapoda
Gnathostomata
Vertebrata |
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Term
| What is the taxonomical classification order? |
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Definition
| species|genus|families order class phylum kingdom |
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Term
| What is the importance of two species being related? |
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Definition
| They have a common ancestor. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| When did life start evolving? |
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Definition
| 3.9 to 3.5 billion years ago. |
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Term
| What is a paraphyletic group? |
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Definition
| A group descended from the same ancestor, but not necessarily all the descendants. |
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Term
| What are some differences between bacteria and archae? |
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Definition
Archae live in more extreme climates.
Bacteria have the greatest biomass on earth.
Archae have only RNA, Bacteria evolved from archae.
They are genetically similar, however. |
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Term
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Definition
| simple celled, bacteria/archae, plasmid DNA, prokaryotes don't have ribosomes or mitochondria. |
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Term
| What did archaens use to gain hydrogen, versus bacteria? |
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Definition
| Archae used H2S whereas Bacteria used H2O. |
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Term
| Why is seaweed important? |
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Definition
| First multi-celled organism. NOT a plant. |
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Term
| Approximately when was a huge supercontinent (Pangea) formed? |
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Definition
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Term
| When was the "snowball" earth period? |
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Definition
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Term
| During what period do the first traces of animal life come to exist? |
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Definition
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Term
| The vendium period spans how long? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are some hypothesized reasons that shells evolved? |
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Definition
| more calcium around, protection from other organsims, |
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Term
| From what period do we have fossils from every phylum? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the order of periods during the paleozoic era? |
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Definition
COSDCP
cambrian
ordovician
silurian
devonian
carboniferous
permian |
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Term
| What is Sageman's hypothesis? |
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Definition
| The hypothesis that during the Devonian period, the forests were the first polutants of the oceans which led to extinction. |
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Term
| During what period was the first egg laid on dry land? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are synapsids? How are they different from reptiles? |
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Definition
| Ancestor of the mammal. Cranium differentiation. |
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Term
| How much of the earth's population went extinct during the permian mass extinction? How long did it take to rebuild from this extinction? |
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Definition
| 95% and 50 million years. |
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Term
| What was distinct about synapsids of the triassic period? |
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Definition
| Large eyes, dwarfed, lived in burrows. |
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Term
| When did dinosaurs first appear? |
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Definition
| 1/3 into the Triassic period |
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Term
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Definition
| 65 million years ago at the end of the Cretaceous period. |
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Term
| When did angiosperms first appear? |
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Definition
| During the late Jurassic period |
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Term
| When did marsupials appear? |
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Definition
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Term
| What composed the dust of the asteroid that hit the earth (presumably) and led to the extinction of the dinosaurs |
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Definition
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Term
| Where did the T-rex reside? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of water animals survived? |
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Definition
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Term
| What types of animals survived the cretaceous period extinction? |
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Definition
| Those that ate seeds, scavengers, decomposers, water, those not dependant on photosynthesis or plant life. |
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Term
| What is the largest mammal? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the smallest mammal? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the only mammal that can fly? |
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Definition
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Term
| When did the eras start and end? |
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Definition
Precambrian - 4600 to 543 million years ago
Paleozoic - 543 to 245
Mesozoic - 245 to 65
Cenozoic - 65 to present |
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