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total energy expenditure - includes energy required for basal metabolism, physical activity, the thermic effect of food, growth, milk production in lactating women, and maintenance of bay temperature in cold environment. |
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non exercise activity thermogenesis - accounts for 15 to 30% of energy expenditure. |
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thermic effect of food - energy required for the digestion of food and the absorption, metabolism, and storage of nutrients. |
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carbohydrate calories per gram |
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protein calories per gram |
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alcohol calories per gram |
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Glycogen stores are located in the: |
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liver and muscle and fill when dietary carbohydrate is adequate. |
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The latest revision of the Exchange Lists divides foods into three main groups based on their macronutrient content: |
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Definition
the carbohydrate group, the meat and meat-substitute group, and the fat group. |
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Definition
150 minutes per week of moderate activity, which includes cardiorespiratory and muscle-strenghtening exercise. |
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During the first 10 to 15 seconds of exercise _____ and ______ stored in the muscle provide energy to fuel activity. |
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During 2 to 3 minutes of exercise, ATP is generated by the _______metabolism of glucose. After a few minutes, the delivery of oxygen at the muscle increases, and ATP can be generated by __________metabolism. |
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Definition
anaerobic (without O2), aerobic (with O2) |
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Term
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Definition
a relative deficiency of sodium in the blood. |
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Definition
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lungs, trachea, air passageways |
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kidneys - get rid of electrolytes (Na, K) Nitrogen |
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Definition
testes, ovaries and associated structures |
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Definition
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nodes/vessels Lymph - white blood cells "transports fat soluble nutrients" |
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Definition
skeletal muscles - smooth muscle - involuntary heart GI system |
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pituitary, adrenal, thyroid, pancreas, ductless glands "chemical messengers" - secreted |
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Definition
skin, hair, nails, sweat glands |
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mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestines, pancreas, liver and gallbladder. |
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Definition
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protein digestion also (trypsin/chymotrypsin - proteases) |
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Definition
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breaks down starches (CHO) |
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Definition
maltase, lactase, sucrase absorbed into blood |
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Definition
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stomach mucosa HCl pepsinogen (inactive) increases mobility and emptying |
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Definition
stimulates pancreas and gallbladder |
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Definition
inhibits stomach secretion "shutting of digestion" pancreas "inhibits" |
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Definition
stimulates gallbladder, tells pancreas to make enzymes. |
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Definition
Gastric inhibitory peptide |
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Definition
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Definition
1 kg = 2.21 lbs. 1 inch = 2.54cm = .025 meters |
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activated into pepsin in presence of HCl |
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What stays in stomach longer? |
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Definition
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Definition
pushes 1 tsp of food into small intestine |
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Parts of small intestine: |
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Definition
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Bananas, rice, apples and toast |
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water, proteins, and minerals |
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Definition
water, nitrogen and protein |
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Term
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Definition
Cardiovascular Muscular strength flexibility |
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Definition
lower is better, 60bpm pretty fit |
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Definition
stress or overload
unused muscle with go through atrophy |
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lower intensity uses fat with carbs can be sustained longer (10min to 24 hours) most efficient use of fuel produces littler or no lactic acid |
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Definition
intense uses CHO no FAT short term - 10 seconds to 10 minutes not efficient by product - lactic acid |
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Definition
make more/bigger mitochondria store more glycogen more capillaries aerobic capacity more oxygen |
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Definition
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are used to plan individual diets that provide specific amounts of energy, carbohydrate, protein and fat. |
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