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Nutrition 740
Essential HTN
110
Other
Graduate
04/17/2008

Additional Other Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Problems with the DASH diet
Definition

No EFA's

 

lots of dairy

 

too much wheat

Term
aldosterone Effect theory
Definition

High No in diet - average US  8 gm day- should be 2 gm day

low potassium

high refined CHO and sat fat diet

insulin reistance

food allegies

Term
metabolic syndrome is also know as
Definition
Insulin Resistance
Term
High caffeine intake raises
Definition
systolic  -- not diastolic
Term
magnesium deficiency is the
Definition
main deficiency in our culture
Term
High homocystein have a negative affect on
Definition
endothelial system
Term
HTN tests
Definition

heavy metal

Fasting and Post-prandial glucose/insulin

Lipids/VAP?homocysteine/Fibrinogen/CRP

food allergy

H.Pylori

Term
vegans historically have a low incidence of (2)
Definition

1.  HBP

2.  Cardiovascular dz

Term
what diet has a very low capacity to induce HTN?
Definition
raw food diet
Term
Ovo-lacto vetetarians acn have elevtd lipids due to
Definition
overeating cheese/dairy
Term
key dietary points (7)
Definition

1.  avoid refined CHO and sugar

2.  Increase good oils - avoid trans fat and sat fat

3.  use salt alternatives

4.  avoid caffeine products

5.  increase vegies and fruits

6.  protein variety to decrease meat/poultry intake

7.  grass fed animal products

Term
HTN supplements
Definition

Calcium  1200 mg

Magnesium  250-750 mg

Potassium  only 99 mg/supplement

coQ10   90-300 mg

EPA  1000 gm-3000 gm

Flax seed or oil  1 TBS of eitherBonito peptides

arginine

garlic, onions, ginger

celery

vit c

l-carnitine

B6

Term

HTN supp

potassium dose

Definition

only 99 mg/supplement dose

 

salt substitutes contain 530 mg K+ per 1/6th teaspoon!!

Term

HTN supp

 

garlic, onions, ginger have what in them?

Definition
sulphur
Term

HTN supp

 

argine

 

Definition

500-2000  TID max 6000/day

 

needed for nitric oxide formation

 

prevents ADMA from lowering N.O. formation

Term

HTN  supp

 

vit c

Definition

1000 mg or higher a day

 

lowers BP

Term

HTN supp

 

Vit B6

Definition

needed for calcium channel blockrs to work

 

diuretic

 

birth control pills reduce vit B 6

Term

birth control pills do what to Vit B 6 levels?

Definition
reduce
Term
CHF supplements (7)
Definition

1.  magnesium

2.  Thiamin

3.  CoQ10

4.  Taurine

5.  B6

 6.  L-carnitine or ALCAR

7.  Arginine

 

Term

CHF supp

 

magnesium

Definition

increases survival rates in patients with CHF

 

helps HT functioing, blood flow, decreased risk MI

 

250 - 750 mg/day

 

 

Term

CHF supp

 

thiamin

Definition

50 - 250 mg/day

 

can be low in thiazide diuretics

 

Etoh pts with CHF - "wet beriberi"

Term

CHF supp

 

CoQ10

Definition

90-300 mg/day

 

decreased levels assoc with edema, cyanosis, venous cong, SOB, insomnia

 

take with fat at meal

Term

CHF supp

 

taurine

Definition

#1 amino acid in Ht tissue

cheep and it works!

 

500 mg TID

 

main amino acid in ht muscle

Term

CHF supp

 

Vit B6

 

Definition

mild diuretic

 

50-200 mg/day

Term
Ribose
Definition

sugar moiety of ATP;  5 carbon sugar

 

inc high energy phosphates

Term
What can Ribose be used for?  (5)
Definition

1.  Ischemic CVD

2.  CHF

3.  chronic fatigue syndrome

4.  cardiomyopathy

5.  angina

Post-MI recovery

Term
obesity
Definition

BMI >25  overweight

 

BMI > 30  obese

 

WHR:  >.88 females: > 1 Men

Term
Obesity risks
Definition

cancers

hard onjoints

pro-inflammatory

 

relateed to prediabetes and diabetes develompent

elevated lipid panels

HTN

Term
obesity hormonal imbalances
Definition

high or low cortisol,

low testosterone

high insulin

low IGF

high estrogens

Insulin resistasnce

 

Term
causes  of obesity
Definition

eating too much, too many CHO, too many sat fats

too much sugar, fructose corn syrup

 

diet def in EFA, B vit, Mag, Zn, Chr

drinking pop

Term

Hormones that stimulate cellular metabolic durning

Definition

T3

cortisol

epinephrine

glucagon

Vit A

growth hormone (in bewteen meanls0

Term
Obesity analysis
Definition

Thyroid panel

Cortisol x4 / DHEA panel

fastin/post-prandial insulin/glucose

Testosterone, estrogens

diet diary

exercise habits

sleep study

WHR ratio

Term
Metabolic syndrome
Definition

waist circum M / 102  F/ >88

triglycerides > 150 mg/dl

HDL  M < 40  F/ < 50

BP  > 130/85

FPG  > 110 mg/dl

Trig: HDL ratio > 3

Fasting insulin > 12 (25)

PP INsulin > 35 (89)

Term
types of diets
Definition

weight watchers

Zone - low cal mod CHO/FAT/PRO

Glycemic index / low CHO

High Prot/Low cho - atkins

Low fat- ornish, Mcdougall

Candida

allergy free// blood diet

healthy basic diet

raw foods diet

detoxing

 

Term
diet for insulin resistance
Definition

#1 restriction Grains and excess intake

crackers are okay

one fruit a day

all the veggies - not potatoes, yams, sweet potatoes

good protien

good oils

bev - cal free

stevia a little

Term
Basic supp
Definition

multiple

oils - fish oils, DHA, CLA

ext cgri abd zn

ext b vit and mag

blood sugar herbs

Term
What process the fat nutrients during weight loss?
Definition

Taurine

choline

enzymes

l-carnitine

Term
fat burning supplements
Definition

HCA

CLA

citrus aurantium bitter orange

green tea extract

uerba ate

guarana

chitosan

phaseolus vulgaris

white willow bark

rhodiola/magnolia

7-keto-DHEA

corislim

Term
Vitamin D is shown in studies to markedly reduce the occurence of
Definition
DM 1 in children
Term
HCA
Definition

inhibits the synthesis of lipids and fatty acids

 

lowers LDL and TG

 

promotes glycogenformation which may decrease appetite

 

high vit C

does 300-1000 mg/day

Term
Bitter orange
Definition

Inc basal metabolic rate

promotes fat burning

inc energy

aid digest esp of proteins

cont synephrine  ( only high dose cause weight loss)

Term
Bitter orange can inhibit
Definition

P450-3A

 

s0 watch it with certain drugs

Term
Green tea extract
Definition

Inc metabolic rate

slowsglucose rise after eating

 

slightly caffeinated for energy

Term
Yerba mate
Definition

South american indian drink

 

energizes body and mind

 

contains-xanthine, theophylline, theobromine

 

gentle diuretic

contains somenutrients

Term
Guarana
Definition

contains "guaranine" chemically similar to caffeine

 

inc energy an altertness

lowers appetite

 

can become jittery, inc Bp, insomnia,

dependent

Term
white willow  bark
Definition

contina salicin - which the body turns into salicylic acid

 

 

Term
What does rhodiola/magnolia do?
Definition

balance cortisol levels

 

lowering high cortisol levels which promote insulinout put and obesity

Term
What does Chitosan do?
Definition

binds to fat in the gut preventing absorption

 

it is from exoskeletonsof crustaceans

 

concern for anal leakage

Term
What does phaseolus vulgaris do?
Definition

starch blocker inthe gut - inhibits amylase

 

 it is from a bean

Term
7 - Keto- DHEA does?
Definition

it is a natural DHEA metabolite

 

not converted into testosterone or estrogens

 

clinical experience of it is not that beneficial

Term
What does Pinolenic Acid do?
Definition

helps promote the secretion of CCK and GLP-1 - both of which lower appetitie and promote satiation

 

it is from Korean Pine nut

Term
What does Cortislim contain?
Definition

VIt C

Calcium carbonate

Chromium picolinate

Cortiples Proprietary blen

leptiples prop blen

insutrol proprietary blend

Term
What id Hoodia Gordonii?
Definition

South African Herb used by Bushmen to walk long miles with little food and water

 

won't work for most people

Term
What is Byetta?
Definition

New DM II drug

 

glucagon-like peptide 1

 

slows stomach emptying

decreases glucagon

increases insulin

creates sense of fullness and satiation

 

Of label right now unless DM2

Term
In order to reduce the risk of DM1 in children one should introduce a small amount of grains/dairy during?
Definition
4 - 6 months
Term
benefits of low carb diet
Definition

more effective

 

inproves glycemic control without harming KD's

 

lose more weight

 

lower blood glucose levels

Term
Low carb dietary problems
Definition

adherence

variety

social situations

family support

advertising

caravings

Term
Dr. Bernstein Diet
Definition

low carb plan

 

leiency more with protein and fats

 

healthy eating-good oils, organic foods, grass fed meat, veggies

Term
EtOH shuts down?
Definition
glucconeogensis
Term
Glycemic Index - a numeric system of measuring how much of a rise in circulating blood sugar and CHO triggers  - the higher the number the greater the glucose response
Definition

HIGH  70 or >

 

Medium  56-69 

 

Low  55 or <

Term

Glycemic Load

newer way to assess the impact of CHO consumption on glucose response

Definition

GL  20 or >  HIGH

 

GL 11 - 19  Medium

 

GL of 10 or <  LOW

Term
Diabetes is the inability to
Definition
Metabolize blood sugar
Term
Low carb diet is the same as a
Definition
high protien diet
Term
Low carb diet is Ok for weight but not for
Definition
glucose control
Term
Dr. Liu's research the highest impact on weight gain was
Definition
high fructosse corn syrup
Term
Dr. Berstein's diabetic solution is how many grams of carb a day?
Definition
30 gm/day
Term
foods with a LOW GL always have a low
Definition
GI
Term
Foods with medium or high GL rance from
Definition
very LOw to very HIGH GI
Term
Conjugated linoleic acid found in pasture fed animals are ?% more than silage fed animals?
Definition
500%
Term

CLA

conjugated linoleic acid

Definition

burn fat easier

build/store muscle easier

lowers TG/ Cholesterol

lowers insulin resistance

reduces food allergies

enhances immune system

Term
Niacin decreases
Definition
ssorbitol pathway
Term
Thiamin reduces
Definition

microalbuminuria

 

50 mg/day

Term
B vitamins reduce
Definition

B 6, B12 folic acid

 

 

reduce homocysteine

Term
Vit E reduce
Definition
oxidation of LDL
Term
Vit C inhibits
Definition
aldose reductase in sorbitol pathway
Term

Zinc is involved in

Definition

virtually all aspects of insulin metabolism

 

synthesis

secretion

utilization

 

diabetics lose zinc in urine

 

copper def can occur

Term
niacinamide used for
Definition

honeymoon period

 

not shown to prevent DM I - just delay onset

Term
Chromium
Definition
binds to insulin receptor to activate insulin
Term

Unused glucose is converted to sorbitol by the enzyme

Definition

aldose reductase

 

sorbitol can not leave the eye --> eye damage

Term
What prevents the aldose reductase activity?
Definition

extra vit C

 

Bioflavonoids

Quercitin

bilberries

citrus

Term

Benfotiamine stops

 

 

Definition

glucose mediated damage

 

diebetic neuropathy

diabetic retinopathy

 

Term
Acetyl-l-carnitine
Definition

improves nerve fiber regeneration and vibration perception

 

nerve and cardioprotection

Term
Every diabetic patient should be on this
Definition

Alpha lipoic acid

 

NAC - N-acetyl-cysteine

Term
specialized supplements  (3)
Definition

1.  taurine protects KD, eye, prevent oxidative damage

 

2.  L-carnitine  - fat metabolism

 

3.  L-carnosine - aid against formation AGE's

Term
Natural KD protection (4)
Definition

Ginko biloba - protects andheals KD

2.  Salvia Milt - prot KD

3.  Fish Oils - decreases albuminuria

4.  high dose thiamine/Benfo- prevented diabetic nephropathy

Term
What are Bonito Peptides
Definition

Natural ACE inhibitors with no adverse effects

 

natural KD protection

Term
green tea
Definition
good for KD and pancreas
Term
Billberry has special affinity for
Definition
eyes
Term
Onions and garlic
Definition

lower fasting glucose

 

by increasing free insulin levels

Term
Psyllium seed
Definition

fiber reduces blood sugar levels

Term
Aloe vera juice
Definition
lowers serum glucose and triglyceerides
Term
Berstein's diets plus (5)
Definition

1.  good multiple - 3 caps BID with food

2.  fish oils - 2-4 caps day or 1 TBS day

3.  DB-7  2-6 caps a day

4.  ALA  300-900mg/day

5.  flavinox by allergy research group

Term
Feingold specifics for Tx of ADHD
Definition

1.  avoid artificial colors

2.  avoid artificial flavoring

3.  avoid all foods that contain natural salicylates

4.  avoid peppers

Term
what supplement has numerous positive studies using this antioxidant in the TX of ADD/ADHD?
Definition
Pycnogenol
Term
Autism - has what do to leaky gut
Definition
Candida overgrowth
Term
Autism testing includes (6)
Definition

1.  food allergies

2.  Organic acid form urine

3.  heavy metal toxicity

4.  CP X 3

5.  testing for nutritional analysis

6.  Diet Diary

Term

What should autistic kids avoid

 

these hit opiod receptors in brainand activate them

Definition
gluten and casein
Term
Autism supplements  (4)
Definition

1.  selenium

2.  NAC

3.  Ainc

4.  avoidanceof copper

Term
MS tests (4)
Definition

1.  food allergy test

2.  heavy metals - esp mercury

3.  CP X 3

4.  screen panels for neurologi disease

Term
The swant diet aims to protect the
Definition
Meylin sheath
Term
For erectile dysfunction what herbs are used?
Definition

Yohimbe

gingki

tibulus

maca

panax ginseing

Term
Gamma-Tocopherol does?
Definition
reduces free radicals which cause neuronal damage
Term
Phosphaticylserine does
Definition

rich in brain

major component of nerve cells

slowing neuronal age and recovering memory loss

 

 

Term
Phosphatidylcholine
Definition

once in body breaks down to choline - used to make acetylcholine

 

part of neuronal cell wall

 

AKA  lecithin - made from soy

 

eggs, peanuts, wheat germ, Liver, caulifolower, grape juice, cabbage

Term

HIV antioxidants

 

deficiency associated with decreased circulating CD4 cells and increased mortality

Definition

Vit A

 

25,000-100,000

Term
Caprylic acid and Nystatin are effective in the treatment of
Definition
candidiasis
Term
In AIDS patients what is given for wasting and high triglycerides
Definition
L-carnitine/ACL
Term
A Meyers Cocktail contains
Definition

Magnesium chloride

calcium gluconate

hydroxycobalamin

pridoxine hydrochloride

dexpanthenol

B-complex

Vitamin C

Term

In HIV patients Glycyrrhize does?

Definition

inhibits HIV in vitro

 

watch BP

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