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Nutrition chapter 1
vocabulary
33
Other
Undergraduate 3
01/12/2010

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Term
Food
Definition
any substance that the body can take in and use to survive and grow
Term
nutrition
Definition
study of nutrients in foods and in the body
Term
diet
Definition
the foods a person usually eats and drinks
Term
nutrients
Definition
components of food that are indespensable to the body's functioning
Term
malnutrition
Definition
any condition caused by excess or deficientfood energy or nutritent intake or by an imbalance of nutrients
Term
chronic diseases
Definition
long-duration degenerative diesases characterized by deterioration of the body organs
Term
genome
Definition
the full complement of genetic information in the chromosomes of a cell
Term
genes
Definition
units of a cell's inheritence, sections of the DNA
Term
DNA
Definition
deoxyribonucleic acid, a molecule that codes for the structures within the cell
Term
nutritional genomics
Definition
the science behind the interaction between genes and nutrients
Term
energy
Definition
the capacity to do work. Food contains chemical energy that can be converted through different processes in the body
Term
organic
Definition
carbon containing. 4/6 classes of food are organic: carbs, fat, protein, and vitamins
Term
energy-yielding nutrients
Definition
nutrients that can be used for energy
Term
essential nutrients
Definition
the nutrients the body cannot make for itself, or at least not fast enough
Term
calories
Definition
unit of measurement for energy, the kilocalorie or Calorie is the official measurement for energy in food
Term
gram
Definition
unit of weight (mass)
Term
dietary supplements
Definition
pills, liquids, or powders that contain purified nutrients
Term
elemental diets
Definition
diets composed of purified nutrients of known chemical composition
Term
phytochemicals
Definition
nonnutrient derived from plants that have biological activity in the body
Term
adequacy
Definition
providing all the nutrients, fiber, and energy required to maintain body weight & health
Term
balance
Definition
dietary characteristic of providing many types foods that provide different nutrients
Term
calorie control
Definition
control of energy intake
Term
moderation
Definition
providing consitiuents of your diet within set limits
Term
variety
Definition
providing a wide selection of foods
Term
legumes
Definition
beans, peas, and lentils that provide protein, vitamins, minerals, and fiber while contributing little fat
Term
cuisines
Definition
styles of cooking
Term
foodways
Definition
sum of a cultures perception of food
Term
ethnic foods
Definition
foods associated with specific social subgroups of a population
Term
omnivores
Definition
people who eat foods of both plant and animal origin
Term
vegetarians
Definition
people who exclude animal flesh from their diets
Term
relapse
Definition
times of falling back into former habits
Term
self-efficacy
Definition
one's belief in their own ability to stick to a particular behavior
Term
locus of control
Definition
assigned source of responsibility for one's life events
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