Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Nutrition
Exam 2
50
Other
Undergraduate 1
10/20/2011

Additional Other Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
True or False...Carbohydrate has been rightly accused of being the fattening ingredient of foods; therefore, we need to consume fewer starchy foods.
Definition
False
Term
True or False...The term "brown bread" on a label is a guarantee that the bread has been made with whole-grain flour.
Definition
False
Term
When fructose and glucose are bonded together they form:
Definition
Sucrose or Table Sugar
Term
The best known fibers include all of the following except:
glycogen.
cellulose.
hemicellulose.
pectin.
Definition
Glycogen
Term
Which of the following is the preferred fuel for most body functions?
protein
ketones
carbohydrate
fat
Definition
carbohydrates
Term
The best way to lose fat, maintain lean body tissues, and maintain the health of the body is to:
Definition
Control total calories
Term
All of the following are health benefits of insoluble fiber except:
it lowers risk of diabetes.
it alleviates constipation.
it lowers risk of hemorrhoids.
it may reduce risk of rectal cancer.
Definition
It lowers risk of diabetes
Term
Which of the following nutrients is not required by law to be added to refined grain products?
riboflavin
folate
magnesium
thiamin
niacin
Definition
Magnesium
Term
When the blood glucose level rises after a meal, the first organ to respond is the:
Definition
Pancreas
Term
Which of the following helps prevent type 2 diabetes?
Definition
weight control, exercise, and a healthy lifestyle
Term
You are trying to convince someone that a low-carbohydrate diet is undesirable. Reasons you would give to support your statement include:
Definition
fat is not normally used as fuel by the brain and nervous system AND gram for gram, carbohydrates donate fewer calories than dietary fats.
Term
One of the main reasons that obesity contributes to type 2 diabetes is because:
Definition
inflammation in the tissues triggers them to resist insulin.
Term
Sugar has been implicated by many people in some major health problems; however, the only effect of sugar on health that has been shown scientifically is that:
Definition
in developing countries, added sugar is providing more energy to the diet while people are decreasing their physical activity.
Term
A person with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes has just been advised that he should begin a 2100-calorie diet with 45% of the energy coming from carbohydrate. How many grams of carbohydrate would that be?
Definition
236
Term
True or False...Sickle-cell disease is an example of an inherited mistake in the amino acid sequence.
Definition
True
Term
True or False...When a person ingests a large dose of any single amino acid, absorption of others of its type may be limited.
Definition
True
Term
True or False...If needed, protein can help to maintain a steady blood glucose level and so serve the glucose need of the brain.
Definition
True
Term
True or False...The growth of well-fed vegetarian children is similar to that of their meat-eating peers.
Definition
True
Term
Which of the following is found in protein but not in carbohydrate or fat?
carbon
hydrogen
nitrogen
oxygen
Definition
Nitrogen
Term
Which of the following is a protein catalyst, which acts on other substances to change them chemically?
hormone
antibody
lipoprotein
enzyme
Definition
Enzyme
Term
The sequences of amino acids that make up a protein molecule are specified by:
Definition
Heredity
Term
All of the following cause denaturation of proteins except:
bases.
alcohol.
heat.
light.
salts of heavy metals.
Definition
Light
Term
For athletes, the path to bigger muscles includes
Definition
vigorous physical training and well-timed meals.
Term
The stomach lining is protected from the very strong acid of the stomach by:
Definition
a coat of mucus
Term
When amino acids are degraded for energy, their amine groups are stripped off and used elsewhere or incorporated by the liver into:
Definition
Urea
Term
In making recommendations for protein intake, the committee on DRI took into consideration that the protein in a normal diet would be:
Definition
a combination of plant and animal sources
Term
Which of the following provides amino acids that are best absorbed by the body?
legumes
animal proteins
grains
vegetables
Definition
animal proteins
Term
The calorie-deficiency disease resulting from chronic starvation is known most specifically as:
Definition
Marasmus
Term
Which of the following food groups does not provide significant protein?
fruits
grains
vegetables
milk, yogurt and cheese
Definition
Fruits
Term
In times of energy shortage from carbohydrates or fats in foods, the body uses protein in what way?
Definition
it removes the nitrogen portion and burns the remaining fragments for energy
Term
A boy 10 years old is going through a growth spurt. Because he needs to build new muscle tissue, what should his nitrogen status be?
Definition
positive nitrogen balance
Term
Cells will do all of the following to create their own working proteins from available amino acids except:
Definition
hold partially completed proteins until the diet provides the missing amino acids.
Term
Examples of complementary protein combinations include all of the following except:
pasta with tomato sauce.
rice and black-eyed peas.
whole-wheat cereal with almonds.
peanut butter and jelly on whole-wheat bread.
Definition
pasta with tomato sauce
Term
What is one of the risks of consuming a diet high in protein?
Definition
a high-protein diet can raise homocysteine levels in the blood
Term
Cholesterol is the best known of the:
Definition
sterols
Term
Which of the following is not a function of fat in the human body?
protects the body from temperature extremes
cushions the internal organs from physical shock
carries the water-soluble nutrients
provides the major material from which cell membranes are made
Definition
carries the water-soluble nutrients
Term
Which one of the following statements about fatty foods is true?
Definition
fat contributes to satiety, contributing to the feeling of fullness
Term
DRI recommendations concerning intakes of fats include:
Definition
consume up to 35% of calories as fat and
keep saturated fat intake as low as possible
Term
The main dietary factor associated with elevated blood cholesterol is:
Definition
high saturated and trans fat intake.
Term
Which of the following is characteristic of a diet to oppose heart disease?
Definition
low in trans fat
Term
The best way to increase consumption of omega-3 fatty acids is to
Definition
consume 2 fish meals per week
Term
To protect yourself from consuming too much _____, you would limit your consumption of swordfish, king mackerel, and shark.
Definition
mercury
Term
Approximately what percent calories from fat would be provided by a bowl of soup containing 200 calories and 99 calories from fat?
Definition
50%
Term
The major storage form of fats in our body is:
Definition
triglycerides, which are made up of fatty acids and glycerol.
Term
A woman who is pregnant is concerned about eating fish because of its potential contamination with mercury. What would you tell her about the need for essential fatty acids in her diet?
Definition
it is important for her to find alternative sources of omega-3 fatty acids to provide DHA and EPA for growth and development of her fetus
Term
Which of the following words on an ingredient list would alert you to the presence of trans fatty acids in the product?
Definition
hydrogenated vegetable oil and shortening
Term
What is the most accurate statement to make about the process of hydrogenation of liquid vegetable oils?
Definition
oils that have been hydrogenated are more resistant to oxidation that will spoil them and make them rancid
Term
In an effort to lower LDL you would tell someone to:
Definition
use olive oil in the place of saturated fat and use corn oil in the place of vegetable shortening.
Term
Overall, the diets of the Mediterranean people are:
Definition
low in saturated fat and high in complex carbohydrates and fiber.
Term
The benefits of the Mediterranean diet are a result of:
Definition
a combination of vegetables, fruits, legumes, whole grains, and seafoods
Supporting users have an ad free experience!