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Nutrition- massage
Nutrition
102
Other
Not Applicable
09/11/2012

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Cards

Term
Study of all interactions that occur between living organisms and food
Definition
Nutrition
Term
What influences the food we eat?
Definition

Pyschological

cultural

Economic

Term
Under nutrition or over nutrition are both forms of this?
Definition
Malnutrition
Term
Laking in energy and specific nutrients (anemia, scurvy)
Definition
Undernutrition
Term

Too much energy, imbalance of fats, proteins and carbs

 

Definition
Overnutrition
Term
Substances necessary to maintain life
Definition
Nutrients
Term
Six classes of nutrients are?
Definition

Carbohydrates

Proteins

Vitamins

Lipids

Water

Minerals

Term
These are provided by diet because body cannot produce them or produce large enough  quantities
Definition
Essential nutrients
Term
These are not essential to life but provide a healthy benefit?
Definition
Non Essential Nutrients
Term
These type of nutrients are required in large amounts?
Definition
Macronutrients
Term
These nutrients are needed in small amounts?
Definition
Micronutrients
Term
Having the proper amount of nutrients per amount of energy is called?
Definition
Nutrient Density
Term
This is a psychological desire to eat specific foods, unrelated to hunger?
Definition
Appetite
Term
This is basic physiological sensation, has no correlation to specific foods?
Definition
Hunger
Term
What was the date that nutrition content was regulated?
Definition
January 1, 2003
Term
What are the 3 main purposes of labels?
Definition

To give basic product information

To provide health, safety, nutritional information

To provide means for marketing/promoting by way of label claims

Term
Amount of energy (in calories) plus the 13 core ingredients per serving?
Definition
Nutrition Facts
Term

Illness transmitted through consumption of food or water that contains an infectious agent or poisoness substance (aka food poisoning)

 

Definition
Food Borne illnesses
Term
What causes transmition of food borne illnesses?
Definition

Poor sanitation

Poor hygiene

Poor worker health

Poor handwashing techniques

Poor water quality from farms

Term
This is the result of consuming food that contains linving micro-organisms?
Definition
Food Infections
Term
This results of consuming food in which the microbes have secreted toxins?
Definition
Food intoxications
Term
This group of toxins damages the nervous system usually causing paralysis
Definition
Neurotoxin
Term
This group of toxin targets the gastrointestinal system and usually causes vomitting and diarrhea?
Definition
Enterotoxins
Term
What are some ways to prevent the contamination?
Definition
Wash hands, wash surfaces to prevent contamination, cook proper temperature, chill foods
Term
Mechanically manipulated during production or packaging?
Definition
Processed foods
Term
These are chemicals  added to foods?
Definition
Food additives
Term
Who is responsible for enforcing rules and regulations to ensure food safety, animal health and plant protection standards?
Definition
Canadian Food Inspection Agency
Term
Who does the Canadian Food Agency report to?
Definition
Health Canada
Term
Ability to do work?
Definition
Energy
Term
Amount of work required to move an object weighing 1 kilogram a distance of 1 meter under force of gravity?
Definition
Kjoule
Term
Amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water 1 degree celsius?
Definition
Kcalorie
Term
State in which the body weight remains constant because the amount of energy consumed in the diet equals the amount expended?
Definition
Energy Balance
Term
Sum of all chemical reasctions in the body?
Definition
Metabolism
Term
This is breakdown of orgainic matter usually resulting in the release of energy (exergonic produce more energy then consumed)
Definition
Catabolism
Term
The production of organic matterm usually requireing the input of energy (endergonic-consume more energy)
Definition
Anabolism
Term
Energy balancing act between the catabolic and anabolic reactions?
Definition
Metabolism
Term
Minimum level of energy required to sustain the body's vitail function in the waking state?
Definition
Basal metabolic rate
Term
Physical activity accounts for this % of daily activity?
Definition
15-30%
Term
These assist body in digesting and absorbing foods?
Definition
Enzymes
Term
This is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without under going any change it's self?
Definition
Catalyst
Term
These are very important to the process of digestion?
Definition
Enzymes
Term
These are chemical messengers secreted into the blood stream by glands and act as regulatory of physiological processes?
Definition
Hormones
Term
In what year was the Canada Food Guide introduced, and had this many food groups?
Definition
1942 and had 6 food groups
Term
It was changed in this year? and became known as Canada's Food Guide to Healthy Eating
Definition
1992
Term
Mandatory listing of the amount of energy and 13 core nutrients per serving is found on?
Definition
Nutritition Facts Table
Term
This is a macronutrient and is the primary source of fuel for the body?
Definition
Carbohydrates
Term
What are the 3 categories of carbohydrates?
Definition

Monosaccharide (simple sugar)

Diasaccharides (simple sugar)

Polysaccharides (complex sugar)

Term
This is the most abundant sugar molecule
Definition
Glucose
Term
This occurs naturally in fruits and vegetables, sweetest natural sugar?
Definition
Fructose
Term
Absorbs water and swells, traps nutrients and slows absorption into the blood and is naturally occurring pectin found in fruit?
Definition
Soluble Fibre
Term
This helps to prevent constipation and is the component of plants that give them there structure?
Definition
Insoluble Fibre
Term
This is the primary source energy for our brains and nervous tissue and the sole energy source used by our red blood cells?
Definition
Carbohydrates
Term
Excessive ketones are present in hte blood causing blood to become very acidic (alters basic functions and damages tissue)
Definition
Ketoacidosis
Term
This is found in untreated diabetes mellitus?
Definition
Ketoacidosis
Term
Chronic disease is which the body no longer reguates glucose levels in the body?
Definition
Diabetes Mellitus
Term
Pancreas cannot secrete sufficient insulin, typically appears at a young age, and treated daily?
Definition
Type 1 diabetes
Term
A progressive disease, body cells become reistatnt to insulin and treated with weight loss, healthy eating and supplement insulin?
Definition
Type 2 diabetes
Term
Condition in which blood glucose levels fall below normal?
Definition
Hypoglycemia
Term
A disorder where the body
Definition
Term
A disorder where the body does not produce enough lactose enzymes therefore cannot digest foods that contain lactose
Definition
Lactose Intolerance
Term
Fats are a type of this?
Definition
Lipid
Term
Fats, Oils, and Waxes are all forms of this?
Definition
Lipids
Term
These are an important energy source for our bodies at rest and low intensity exercise?
Definition
Lipids
Term
98% dietary fat is in the form of?
Definition
Triglycerdes
Term
Lipids are _____ insoluble in water, but are _____ in organic substances?
Definition
Insoluble, Soluble
Term
List 3 type of fats?
Definition

Triglycerdies

Phospholipids

Sterols

Term
Saturated fats are found primarily here?
Definition
In animals
Term
This type of fat is formed in all cells, and is an integral part of cell membrane, helps to maintain the structural integrity of cells, blood clotting, insulating sheath around nerve fibers?
Definition
Phosolipids
Term
This type of fat is found in plants and animal, appears to block the absorption of dietary cholestrol in small intestine?
Definition
Sterols
Term
This is the most common sterol and is found only in animals. Continuous production is vital to our health?
Definition
Cholestrol
Term
This is absoluetly  essential to human health?
Definition
Cholesterol
Term
This is formed in the liver by the union of proteins with triglycerides or phosolipids?
Definition
Lipoproteins
Term
This is "Good Cholestrol"
Definition

High Density Lipoproteins

 

50% proteins, 20% lipids, 20% cholestrol

Term
How is the main form of lipid transported?
Definition
In the blood
Term
Where is highdensity protein produced?
Definition
In the liver
Term
This protects against heart disease by removing cholestrol from arterial wall, transported to liver where incorporated into bile and excreted through intestinal tract?
Definition
Good Cholestrol- High Density lipoproteins
Term
This delivers cholestrol to arterial walls, they narrow and damage the artery?
Definition
Bad Cholestrol
Term

True or False

Fats are soluble in water?

Definition
False, they are not soluble in water
Term

True or False

 

Fats must be digested, absorbed, transported within the body from carbohydrates and proteins?

Definition
True
Term
This slows down allowing bile to break up fat into small intestines?
Definition
Cholecystokin
Term
Fat provides_____x as much energy per gram as carbs and proteins?
Definition
2X
Term

List the two essential fatty acids?

(essential  so they must be consumed in diet, body does not make)

Definition

Linoleic

Alpha Linoleic acid

Term
Fats help us feel satiated because?
Definition

Has a higher energy density than carb or protein

Takes longer to digest than protein or carb

Term
Omega 3 fatty acids (lipid) is primarily found here?
Definition
Oils of cold water fish
Term
Omega 3 fatty acids helps to prevent this?
Definition
blood clots from forming on arterial walls
Term
Alpha Linolenic Acid is found here?
Definition
Leafy greens, vegetables, flax seeds
Term
Linoleic Acid is found here?
Definition
Omega 6 fatty acid found in vegetable and nut oils
Term
Fat we can see in or is added to our food is known as?
Definition
Visible fat
Term
Fats hidden in our food is known as?
Definition
Invisible fats
Term
Process of changing unsaturated oils to semisolid state is known as?
Definition
Hydrogenation
Term
Vegetable oils and peanut butter are labelled cholestrol free because?
Definition
They are derived from plants and plants do not contain cholestrol
Term
Most complex and versatile of nutrients are?
Definition
Proteins
Term
Critical parts of bones, blood and hormones are?
Definition
Proteins
Term
What are proteins made up of?
Definition
Amino Acids
Term

True or false

 

Our bodies are able to easily synthize adequate amounts of amino acids?

Definition
False we are not able to synthize them and so they must come from our diet
Term
There are ____ essential amino acids, and _____ non essential amino acids?
Definition
9 & 11
Term
3-49 amino acids is called?
Definition
peptide
Term
Ingested protein molecules are broken down into single amino acids in the intestine, then absorbed individually into blood?
Definition
Digestion
Term
When a protein losses its distinctive shape it is called?
Definition
Denaturation
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