Term
| What is the most common site of ectopic pregnancies? |
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Definition
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Term
| Every two days, HCG levels should..... |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most common cause of spontaneous abortion? |
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Definition
| chromosomal abnormalities, of that is turner's syndrom (45x) |
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Term
| What is the single largest factor in infertility? |
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Definition
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Term
| What accounts for 10% of all infertility? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is involved in an infertility work-up? |
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Definition
| Ovulation determination, semen analysis, hysterosalpingogram |
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Term
| What age group is eclampsia most common? |
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Definition
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Term
| Chronic hypertension is defined as...increased risks include? |
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Definition
occurs prior to 20 weeks gestation
risks include preterm labor, intrauterine growth retardation, fetal demise, placental abruption |
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Term
| what is the definition of pregnancy induced hypertension? |
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Definition
| hypertension after 20 weeks gestation without proteinuria or edema |
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Term
| Pre-eclampsia definition, incidence |
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Definition
hypertension, proteinuria, edema
5% |
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Term
| risk factors for pre-eclampsia |
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Definition
| nulliparity, advanced maternal age, teenagers, chronic hypertension, renal disease, diabetes, family history, twins, molar pregnancy (abnormal placental growth) |
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Term
| what is proteinuria defined as> |
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Definition
| greater than 300mg of protein in 24 hour period |
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Term
| what is severe pre-eclampsia defined as |
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Definition
systolic blood pressure above 180
diastolic blood pressure above 110
5 grams/day proteinuria
oliguria (less than 400cc a day) |
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Term
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Definition
| same as pre-eclampsia (hbp, proteinuria, edema) plus SEIZURES |
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Term
| what is the treatment for eclampsia |
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Definition
| magnesium sulfate (should be given as soon as decision to deliver is made, and 2 days after) |
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Term
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Definition
| hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets |
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Term
| placental abruption vs placenta previa |
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Definition
abruption: painful
previa: painless |
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Term
placenta accreta
placenta increta
placenta percreta |
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Definition
growth of placenta through entire endometrium onto myometrium
growth into myometrium
growth through myometrium onto the serosa |
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Term
| hyptonic myometrium (uterine atony) |
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Definition
| most common cause of postpartum hemorrhage |
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Term
| risk factor for post-partum bleeding |
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Definition
prolonged/quick labor
oxytocin induced labor
high parity
retained placenta tissue
accreta increta or percreta |
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Term
| how to prevent post-partum bleeding |
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Definition
| give prophylactic oxytocins after delivery of baby |
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Term
definitions of postpartum bleeding:
vaginal:
c/s:
c/s+histerectomy: |
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Definition
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Term
Causative agents:
primary syphilis
secondary syphilis
genital herpes
chancroid
veneral warts
lymphogranula venereum |
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Definition
treponema pallidum
treponema pallidum
herpes simplex virus
haemophilis ducreyi
human papiloomavirus (HPV)
klebsiella granulomatis |
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Term
| With this STD you may get a flu-like prodrome 2-3 days before genital symptoms |
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Definition
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Term
alkaline vaginal pH (4.5 or higher)
acidic vaginal pH (3.8 or lower) |
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Definition
bacterial vaginosis (anaerobes)
yeast infection |
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Term
| With what STD are you worried about dissemination? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what is the most common gynecological malignancy? |
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Definition
endometrial carcinoma (uterine cancer)
36,000 new cases and 6000 cases per year, mostly seen in menapause |
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Term
| What is the most common exogenous risk factor for developing uterine cancer? |
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Definition
| ingestion of unopposed estrogen |
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Term
| What are the risk factors of cervical cancer? |
|
Definition
HPV infection
intercourse at an early age (transformation zone exposed)
multiple partners
smoking |
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Term
| At what stage/s can cervical cancer be treated surgically? |
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Definition
stage 1 (radical hysterectomy)
otherwise do radiation therapy |
|
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Term
| what is the leading cause of death from gyn malignancies? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the key to treating ovarian cancer? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| what is the most frequent symptom associated with vulvar cancer? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| postmenopausal hot flashes always respond to______ |
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Definition
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Term
| What is endometriosis and where is it commonly seen? |
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Definition
| endometriosis is a medical condition in which cells from the lining of the uterus appear and flourish outisde the uterine cavity, most commonly on the ovaries. |
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