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Definition
| An infant’s experience with their primary caregiver (the mother/object) is the main determinant of their adult personality formation. ● Individual drives (urges and instincts) are influenced by the desire for connection and need for relationships. ● Internalized images of objects can be passed on from one generation to the next. |
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Term
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Definition
| Change occurs through both reparative experiences within the treatment relationship and from new insight into and modification of entrenched object relations pathology |
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Definition
| Participant observer ● Emphasis on transference and countertransference dynamics ● New and good object |
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Definition
| Providing reparative experiences and building new internal structures ● Gaining insight into how past relationships impact client’s current intrapsychic and interpersonal functioning ● Improving relationships with self and others |
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Term
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Definition
| Refers to persons in the individual’s external world, specifically those who are the focus of the person’s physical and emotional needs. The term can also be used to refer to parts of an individual or mental representations of significant others (i.e. the mother’s breast, nurturing, distant), as well as self. |
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Definition
| Early infant-caretaker interactions lead to the person internalizing basic attitudes toward self and other, characteristic relational patterns and a repertoire of defenses and internal capacities. |
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Term
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Definition
| A defense process that begins during infancy. Occurs when an individual is unable to integrate contradictory aspects of their caregiver’s attributes (or self attributes) and develops a simplified dichotomy of good or bad. The individual is only able to focus on one attribute at a time. |
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Definition
| This refers to the entirety of the person, including both positive and negative attributes the individual embodies. |
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Definition
| Involves projecting beliefs or emotions associated with “self” or “other” objects into the world, rather than admitting to or dealing with internal feelings. |
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Term
| Projective Identification |
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Definition
| Refers to a psychological process in which a person will project an undesirable self-parts onto a second person. The person who is on the receiving end of this process subsequently begins to embody the attributes projected onto them |
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Term
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Definition
| The opposite of projection. The person takes uncomfortable parts in as a way to feel control over them. |
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Term
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Definition
| Establish a holding environment for the client and the opportunity to develop a secure relationship. ● Assess early childhood experiences and relationships with primary caregivers ● Explore current relationships and patterns of dysfunction that inhibit healthy connections ● Listen to client without judgment, demonstrate empathy and maintain a neutral stance ● Offer continuous insight and interpretation of information shared by client ● Track transference and countertransference ● Observe and reflect the ways in which a client projects previous object relationships into therapeutic interactions (projections). ● Observe and reflect on introjects |
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Term
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Definition
| This is considered a longer-term treatment modality. The therapist will decide who should participate in treatment based on an assessment of each family member’s relationship to the presenting problem. Beginning: Establish a holding environment. Build rapport and therapeutic alliance through listening, exploration of client’s experience, empathy, and maintaining neutrality. Early/Middle: Promote insight and growth through interpretation. Focus on transference/countertransference dynamic. Identify and process projective identification and introjects. Facilitate integration into whole object relations |
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Term
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Definition
| iewed relational problems to be a consequence of unresolved issues with familyof-origin, which led to family-of-origin sessions becoming part of therapy. ● Framo believed that resolving family-of-origin issues in a therapeutic setting was a necessary component to treating couples in distress. ● Scharff and Scharff believe internalized objects from the past have an effect on current relationships. Through increased insight of unconscious object relations from the past, family members could shift to the here-and-now in their interactions. Scharff and Scharff also emphasized the importance of supporting each family member’s attachment needs, while simultaneously supporting individuation and growth |
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Term
The name of Object-Relations Theory
Core of the theory |
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Definition
My parents love me, therefore, I must be loveable
Motivation is dealing with past and not Freud and biological drive |
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