Term
| What arte the Functions of the Skeletal System |
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Definition
1. Support (Primary Function); Protection of Vital Organs
2. Movement (Passive)
3. Blood Cell Formation (Hemopoiesis)
4. Mineral Storage (Calcium & Phosphate) |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of blood cell production. Blood cells are produced in a C.T. called RED BONE MARROW. |
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Term
| What are the Bone Classification-SHAPE |
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Definition
1. LONG-Most bones of appendages
2. SHORT-Carpals & Tarsals, Except Pisiform (Sesamoid) & Calcaneus (Irregular)
3. FLAT-Cranial, Sternum, Ribs, Scapulae
4-IRREGULAR-Vertebrae, Ossa Coxae, Certain Facial, and Calcaneus
5.-SESAMOID-form in tendons; patella and pisiform. |
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Term
| Bone Classification-Location |
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Definition
1. Axial-Skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage.
2. Appendicular-Appendages, and girdles
3. Sutural-Between Cranial Bones |
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Term
| What 4 type of cells are found in the BONE CONNECTIVE TISSUE |
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Definition
1. Osteoprogenitor Cell
2. OsteoBlast
3. OsteoCytes
4. OsteoClast |
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Term
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Definition
-Cells are stem cells derived from MesenChyme
-Give rise to OsteoBlasts & OsteoCytes
-These stem cells are located in both the Periosteum & the Endosteum |
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Term
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Definition
-Secrete Matrix
-Become OsteoCytes
-Osteoblasts produce new bone and once osteoblasts become entrapped in the matrix they produce and secrete, they differentiate into OSTEOCYTES. |
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Term
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Definition
-Mature Bone Cells derived from Osteoblasts that became entrapped in the matrix they secreted.
-Osteocytes maintain the bone matrix and detect mechanical stress on a bone.
-Maintain Matrix
-Trapped OsteoBlast |
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Term
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Definition
-LARGE Multinucleate, Phagocytic Cells
-Derived from Bone Marrow
-Bone Resorption (breakdown extracellular Matrix)
-Hydrochloric Acid Dissolves Mineral
-Lysosomal Enzymes Digest Protein
-Liberates Calcium & Phospate Ions
-Concentrated in EndoSteum; Also in PeriOsteum
Appear to be derived from fused bone marrow...OsteoClasts remove Matrix and OsteoBlast add to it, maintaining a delicate balance. |
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Term
| What's the Composition of the Bone Matrix |
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Definition
MATRIX
-25% Water
-25% Protein (collagen)-provides flexibility
-50% Mineral Salts-Provide Hardness
CALCIFICATION
-Crystallization of mineral Salts
-Initiated by bone-building Cells (OsteoBlasts)
CONTAINS MANY SPACE BETWEEN CELLS & MATRIX
-Size & Distribution of Spaces Results in Two Categories of Bone Tissue
*COMPACT BONE
*SPONGY BONE |
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Term
Composition of
SPONGY BONE OR CANCELLOUS |
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Definition
-Light; supports & protects RED BONE MARROW
-Consists of TraBeCuLae ("Little Beams")
-TraBeCuLae arranged along Lines of stress
-Located in areas under less stress or where stress applied equally from many directions
-Within Epiphyses of long bones & interior of short, flat, irregularbones. |
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Term
Composition of
COMPACT OR DENSE BONE |
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Definition
-Dense, solid
-Strongest from of bone
-Forms outer surface of bones & diaphysis of long bones
-Consists of Osteons (Central Canal-Haversion Systems) |
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