Term
| Name some common charachteristics of a Colonial Braced Frame House. |
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Definition
1) Built in 1800s
2) 4 sill beams
3) Corner braces
4) Carpentered joints |
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Term
| Name some common characteristics of a Ballon Frame Constructed House. |
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Definition
1) Introduced by Augustine Taylor
2) 1833- 1940
3) made of small dimensioned wood (2x4)
4) Fasteners were nails |
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Term
| What is significant about the age of Oakland housing? |
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Definition
| There are a large number of houses made pre-1940 which would indicate ballon frame construction. |
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Term
| Name common housing styles and what years they were common. |
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Definition
1) Queen Anne (1883-1890)- steep roofs, turrets, ballon framed, multi unit, some may have units in basement.
2) Italianate (1860-1880)- sharp lines, low pitched roof often with a DEEP parapet, ballon frame. Usually if two doors on front of house, righthand one goes upstairs.
3) Classic Box (1890-1910)- 2 stpry, hipped roof, PLATFORM framed, up to 10 rooms
4) Neoclassic Rowhouse (1895-1915)
5) California Bungalow (1910-1925)- low pitched gable roof, exposed rafters
6) Mediteranean (1915-1935)- tile roofs, mostly flat or low pitched roof in back. Parapets |
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Term
| Name three kinds of window openings. |
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Definition
1) Lintel (flat topped opening)
2) Arch (arched opening)
3) Corbelling (peaked opening) |
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Term
| Dropped Ceilings represent what hazards and what should you do to address that hazard as a firefighter? |
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Definition
| Dropped ceilings hide a void space which may be involed in fire and not be visible to entry teams. Bring a pike pole and expose as you go. |
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Term
| Name common roof designs. |
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Definition
1) Gable
2) Hip
3) Gambrel
4) Mansard
5) Butterfly
6) Shed
Also Monitor and Sawtooth (often found in commercial occupancies for increase light/ventilation) |
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Term
| What are the safest parts of a roof to walk on? |
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Definition
| Ridges and valleys. If you have to walk down a roof, walk diagonally to cut the incline. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What are the components of a truss system? Why is the truss design a dangerous one? |
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Definition
1) Upper chord (compression)
2) Botom chord (tension)
3) Webbing
Because if any component fails the whole truss will fail. Additionally truss systems are comprised of small lightweight materials with lots of exposed surface area which fails much quicker than an equivalent solid beam design. |
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Term
| Name some common roofing materials. |
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Definition
1) Asphalt
2) Wood or shake shingles
3) Slate
4) Tile
5) Metal |
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Term
| What is ballon frame construction and what is significant in how it is built versus platform construction? |
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Definition
| Ballon framing uses timber which runs from the mud sill (or sole plate) all the way to the roof. Platform construction builds each floor seperately and has a seperate plate for each floor constructed. This does not allow for fire communication between fllors as easily as ballon construction where fire has easy access to the attic. |
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Term
| Name the 5 building classifications. |
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Definition
1) Type I- fire resistive
2) Type II- noncombusable
3) Type III- Masonry
4) Type IV- Heavy timber
5) Type V- Wood Frame |
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Term
| Why should you be weary of Mansard overhangs? |
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Definition
| Because many of those over hangs are fake mansards and are simply facades bolted to the exterior of a building for asthetics. These overhangs may collapse or hide fire within. |
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Term
| What is a Scupper and what is it useful for? |
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Definition
| A scupper is a drain for a flat roof and indicates roof level behind a parapet. |
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