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1. Pre-parcipitation 2. On-the-field assessment 3. Off-field evaluation 4. Injury Progress Evaluation |
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Done prior to the start of the season |
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Looking at LOC and managing lief and non-life-threatening injuries. |
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Performed on the sideline or Clinic/ATR |
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Injury Progress Evaluation |
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Performed before each rehabilitation session |
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Anatomy Abdomino-pelvic Quadrants MusculoSkeletal Anatomy Standard Terminology Biomechanics Pathomechanics Understanding the Sport Different Diagnosis |
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History: Obtain subjective information relative to how the injury occurred and the extent of the injury
-Ask ?'s: who what where when how -Pain Characteristics: sharp, dull, achy -Joint Response: loose, tight, gives out, locks -Chronic VS Acute (Time Frame) |
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Observation: DDS
Deformity Discoloration Swelling |
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Palpation: Systematic: bony & soft tissue |
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Special Tests: Inert VS Contractile tissue integrity
- used to detect pathologies -injuries to contractile tissue: pain w/ active motion in one direction, and passive in opposite directions -injuries to inert tissue will elict pain on active and passive motions in the SAME direction |
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-AROM -PROM -Assessing for limitation in movement and presence of pain -Goniometric Measurements measure Joint ROM -RROM: aka MMT -MMT -Neurological examination -Reflex Testing -Testing Joint Stability -Testing Accessory Motions -Testing Functional Performances -Postural Examination -Anthropometric Measurements -Volumetric Measurements |
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Active ROM: Assesses the quality of movement through different ranges and planes at varying speeds and strengths.
normal- pain free throughout full range |
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Passive ROM
-Classify feel of end range "feels" -Removes tissue from the equation |
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Assessing for limitations in movement and presence of pain |
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Standards: 1. pain before end of the range (acute inflammation) 2. pain at the end of the range (subacute injury) 3. no pain at the end of the range (chronic injury) |
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Resisted ROM aka Manual Muscle Testing 1. Evaluate the status of contractile tissue 2. Isometric contraction at mid-range 3. Different grading systems used to identify severity
Normal (SPL) strong/painless Strain (SPF) strong/painful Rapture (WPF) weak/painful Neuro (WPL) weak/painless |
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Manual Muscle Testing 1. Used to determine extent of injury to contractile tissue 2. Muscle action resisted throughout full ROM |
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5 Major Areas:
1. Cerebral Functioning - assesses general affect 2. Cranial Nerve Function - assesses head/facial nerves 3. Cerebella Function - Coordinated Movement 4. Sensory Testing - Assesses nerve roots 5. Motor Testing - assesses motor neurons |
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Reflex Referes to involuntary response to a stimulus
3 types of Reflex Testing 1. Deep Tendon 2. Superficial 3. Pathological |
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A number of special tests are used to test stability for each specific joint |
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Testing Accessory Motions |
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The manner in which one articular surface moves relative to another |
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Testing Functional Performance |
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- Used to determine athletes readiness to participate or continue parcipitation
- Used for progress evaluation during rehab |
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Used to look at asymmetries by comparing the body relative to a grid |
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Anthropometric Measurements |
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Includes skin-fold measurements, height and weight, and measurements of limb girth |
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Used to determine the changes in limb volume caused by swelling which can be attributed to hemorrhaging, edma, or inflammation |
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Documenting Injury Evaluation Information |
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- Complete and accurate documentation is critical : they must be concise, clear, and accurate - SOAP note format |
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Subjective Objective Assessment Plan |
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Subjective; what athlete tells the ATC |
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Objective: Findings based on ATC's evaluation |
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Assessment: ATC's professional opinion regarding impression of injury |
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Plan: Includes first aid treatment, referral info, goals(short and long term), and plan of treatment |
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