Term
TART at C2 on the left can reflect a viscerosomatic reflex from... |
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Definition
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Term
How does restriction of motion END FEEL for a viscerosomatic reflex SD differ from that of a structural SD? |
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Definition
tends to be more rubbery vs. firm |
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Term
VS Reflex: HEENT/Neck sympathetics? |
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Definition
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Term
VS Reflex: HEENT/Neck parasympathetics? |
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Definition
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Term
VS Reflex: T1-5 (Left>Right)? |
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Definition
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Term
VS Reflex: Cardiac parasympathetics? |
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Definition
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Term
VS Reflex: T2 on the L is specific for... |
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Definition
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Term
VS Reflex: Pulmonary sympathetics? |
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Definition
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Term
Sympathetics from T1-4 go to which major parts? |
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Definition
HEENT/neck, cardiac (+T5), pulmonary |
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Term
The “asthma reflex” is... |
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Definition
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Term
Vagal stimulation can exacerbate _________; don’t treat C2 during a ____________. |
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Definition
bronchospasm, acute asthma attack |
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Term
VS Reflex: Pulmonary parasympathetics? |
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Definition
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Term
GI Tract sympathetics: ___ to ____ |
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Definition
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Term
VS Reflex: Esophagus sympathetics? |
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Definition
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Term
VS Reflex: GI parasympathetics? |
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Definition
C0, C1, C2 up to transverse colon, S2-S4 (pelvic splanchics) transverse colon to anus |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
VS Reflex: duodenum sympathetics? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
VS Reflex: Liver and gall bladder sympathetics? |
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Definition
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Term
VS Reflex: T5-T9 bilateral? |
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Definition
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Term
VS Reflex: Spleen sympathetics? |
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Definition
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Term
VS Reflex: T8-10 bilateral? |
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Definition
Small intestine, sympathetics |
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Term
VS Reflex: Colon and rectum? |
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Definition
T10-L2, ascending - right, descending - left |
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Term
VS Reflex: T9-L1 bilateral? |
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Definition
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Term
VS Reflex: Kidney parasympathetics? |
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Definition
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Term
VS Reflex: Ureters and bladder sympathetics? |
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Definition
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Term
VS Reflex: Ureters and bladder parasympathetics? |
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Definition
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Term
VS Reflex: Prostate sympathetics? |
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Definition
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Term
VS Reflex: Prostate parasympathetics? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Gonads and fallopian tubes, sympathetics |
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Term
VS Reflex: Fallopian tubes parasympathetics? |
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Definition
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Term
VS Reflex: Uterus and cervix sympathetics? |
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Definition
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Term
VS Reflex: Uterus and cervix paraympathetics? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Small points of increased tenderness and sensitivity found in the deep fascial layers that correlate with increased sympathetic tone to a particular area of the body. |
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Term
Describe the qualities of a Chapman point |
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Definition
Small, smooth, firm, 2 to 3 mm |
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Term
Chapman Point - adrenals? |
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Definition
1 inch lateral, 2 inches superior to umbilicus |
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Term
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Definition
1 inch lateral and 1 inch superior to umbilicus |
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Term
Chapman Point - umbilical area/intertransverse space of T12/L1 and L1/L2? |
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Definition
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Term
Chapman Point - T8-10 bilateral R>L? |
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Definition
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Term
Chapman Point - appendix? |
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Definition
T12 right, tip of 12th rib |
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Term
Chapman Point - Cecum and ascending colon? |
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Definition
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Term
Chapman Point - L2-3 Left? |
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Definition
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Term
Chapman Point - iliotibial band? |
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Definition
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Term
Chapman Point - Pancreas? |
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Definition
Lateral to costal cartilage b/w 7th & 8th ribs on right, btw TP of T7-8 Right |
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Term
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Definition
C2 Left, T3 Right, T5 Left, T7 Right |
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Term
Chapman Points - Right side, under costal cartilages of ribs 5, 6 and 7? |
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Definition
Liver, Liver and Gall Bladder, Pancreas |
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Term
Chapman Points - Left side, under costal cartilages of ribs 5, 6 and 7? |
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Definition
Stomach Acid, Stomach Peristalsis, Spleen |
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Term
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Definition
Anterior: myofascial tissues along the superior margin of the pubic ramus about 2cm lateral to the symphysis |
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Term
Chapman Reflex - Prostate? |
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Definition
Anterior: myofascial tissues along the posterior margin of the iliotibial band |
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Term
Chapman Point - Bronchial? |
|
Definition
Anterior: Intercostal space b/w 2nd and 3rd ribs close to the sternum Posterior: Midway b/w SP and the tips of the TP at T2 |
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Term
Chapman Point - Anterior: Intercostal space b/w 3rd and 4th ribs close to the sternum Posterior: Midway b/w the SP and the tips of the TP of T3 and T4 |
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Definition
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Term
Chapman Point - Lower lung? |
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Definition
Anterior: Intercostal space b/w the 4th and 5th ribs close to the sternum Posterior: Midway b/w the SP and the tips of the TP of T4 and T5 |
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Term
What is the purpose of treating Chapman points? |
|
Definition
Decrease sympathetic tone |
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Term
Where are the anterior CS points for the cervical spine (C2-6)? |
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Definition
Anterior surface of transverse processes; not on the SCM but process of the vertebral segment (C2-C6) SCM crosses this line of these points |
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Term
Where are the posterior CS points for the cervical spine (C2-6)? |
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Definition
Either side of the SP of the vert ABOVE the one with the SD |
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Term
Posterior CS point and treatment for C1? |
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Definition
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|
Term
Posterior CS treatment for C2-C7, except C3? |
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Definition
Extend and SARA (C4-7 off the table) |
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|
Term
Posterior CS treatment for C3? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Anterior CS point and treatment for C1? |
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Definition
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|
Term
Anterior CS treatment for C3? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Anterior CS treatment for C2-C8, except C7? |
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Definition
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|
Term
Anterior CS treatment for C7? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
For the posterior cervical CS points, IN GENERAL, what is the treatment? |
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Definition
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|
Term
For the anterior cervical CS points, IN GENERAL, what is the treatment? |
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Definition
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|
Term
For posterior cervical CS point treatment, which is the "exception" vert? Which is the "exception vert" for anterior CS points? What is the treatment for these? |
|
Definition
Post- C3, Ant - C7, Flex and STRAW |
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Term
CS point for supraspinatus? |
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Definition
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Term
CS point for subscapularis? |
|
Definition
anterolateral surface of scapula |
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|
Term
CS point for biceps brachii? |
|
Definition
tendon of long head in bicipital groove |
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|
Term
CS point for rectus femoris? |
|
Definition
musculotendinous region and distal end, above patella |
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|
Term
CS point for gastrocnemius? |
|
Definition
muscle bellies of both heads of the muscle |
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Term
Describe the Adson test and positive findings. |
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Definition
The radial pulse is palpated, rotate and extend the head away from the side of the complaint. The patient inhales and holds the breath. Repeated with the patient rotating and extending the head toward the side of the complaint. Positive - radial pulse decrease or disappear. Indicates TOS. |
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Term
Describe the Spurlung test and positive findings. |
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Definition
Compressive force from top of head thru axial spine, done in neutral, SB left and SB right, positive - radiating symptoms down arm into hand, indicates cervical nerve root impingement |
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Term
The Apley scratch test determines the ranges of what types of motion? |
|
Definition
int rotation, abduction and adduction |
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Term
Describe the apprehension/relocation tests and positive findings. |
|
Definition
Elbow flexed to 90 and humerus abducted to 90, brought to passive external rotation. Positive - pt becomes anxious with ext rotation. Relocation - relief. Indicates anterior GH laxity. |
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Term
Describe the empty can test and positive findings. |
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Definition
GH joint abducted to 90, flexed to 30, int rotated to 90, pt resists downward force on forearm. Positive - inability to resist, pain at greater tuberosity of humerus, indicates supraspinatous tendonitis or tear |
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Term
Describe the Hawkins test and positive findings. |
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Definition
GH abducted to 90, forward flexion to 30, elbow flexed to 90, int rotated. Positive - pain, indicates impingement of rotator cuff tendons (usually supraspinatus) |
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Term
Describe the Neer signs and positive findings. |
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Definition
Elbow extended, GH int rotated, passive full flexion. Positive - pain, impingement of rotator cuff tendons (usually supraspinatus) |
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Term
Describe the Speed test and positive findings. |
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Definition
Elbow extended, palm up, pt resists flexion. Positive - pain, indicates tendonitis of long head of biceps or possible labral injury |
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Term
Describe the sulcus sign. |
|
Definition
Downward traction on arm at the elbow, positive - sulcus below the glenoid, indicates inferior GH laxity |
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Term
Describe Yergason's test and positive findings. |
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Definition
Elbow flex to 90, pt resists while you bring GH joint to ext rotation and pull inferiorly. Positive - popping or snapping of bicipital groove, indicates laxity of transverse humeral ligament. Pain without snapping bicipital tendonitis. |
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Term
Describe the Finkelstein test and positive findings. |
|
Definition
Pt makes fist, thumb tucked inside, actively move wrist into ulnar deviation. Positive - pain on radial side, indicates tenosynovitis of the extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus tendons (de Quervain syndrome/tenosynovitis) |
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Term
Describe the Phalen test and positive findings. |
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Definition
Pt places dorsal aspect of both wrists together, hold for 1 min. Positive - tingling along distribution of medial nerve - lateral 3 1/2 digits, indicates carpal tunnel |
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Term
Describe the Tinel sign and positive findings. |
|
Definition
Tapping over transverse carpal ligament. Positive - pain and tingling over median nerve distribution. Indicates carpal tunnel |
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Term
A positive anterior drawer test indicates... |
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Definition
|
|
Term
Do you sidebend toward the convexity or concavity? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
the maintenance of a pool of neurons in a state of partial or subthreshold excitation is called... |
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Definition
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Term
AA joint major motion is ____, minor is _____. |
|
Definition
Rotation, flexion/extension |
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Term
For C2-C7, rotation and sidebending occur to the same side when the spine is in... |
|
Definition
neutral, flexed or extended positions |
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Term
The spine and inferior angle of the scapula are at which levels? |
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Definition
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|
Term
The sternal notch, sternal angle and xiphoid process are at which levels? |
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Definition
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|
Term
Thoracic major motion is _______. The least motion occurs in ________. |
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Definition
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Term
How does the thoracic kyphosis change during inhalation and exhalation? |
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Definition
Flattens with inhalation, increases with exhalation |
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Term
Rib humping occurs on the side of the... |
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Definition
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|
Term
Scoliosis is named for the side of the... |
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Definition
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Term
Curve is scoliotic if greater than... |
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Definition
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Term
Scoliosis generally requires surgery if the angle exceeds... |
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Definition
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Term
A heel lift might correct a _____ curve, but it will not correct a ______ curve. |
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Definition
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|
Term
The second rib articulates with the superior portion of which vertebral body? |
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Definition
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|
Term
What is special about the tubercle of the rib? |
|
Definition
articulates with the transverse process |
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Term
Which ribs ONLY articulate with the corresponding vertebra? |
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Definition
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|
Term
Which ribs have no neck or tubercle and thus no costotransverse articulations? |
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Definition
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|
Term
Which are the false ribs? |
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Definition
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Term
Describe pump handle motion. |
|
Definition
■ Predominantly found in upper ribs. ■ Anterior aspects of ribs move upward during inspiration. ■ Increases anterior-posterior diameter of thorax. |
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Term
Describe bucket handle motion. |
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Definition
■ Predominantly found in lower ribs. ■ Lateral aspects of the ribs move upward with inspiration. ■ Increases transverse diameter of thorax. |
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Term
Describe Caliper or Pincer motion. |
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Definition
■ Ribs 11 and 12 ■ External rotation with inspiration |
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Term
For rib respiration restrictions, where is the key rib? |
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Definition
BITE: Bottom Inhaled, Top Exhaled. |
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|
Term
The right crus of the diaphragm is attached to which vertebral bodies? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
The left crus of the diaphragm is attached to which vertebral bodies? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Venal caval hiatus, esophageal hiatus and aortic hiatus are located at which levels? |
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Definition
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|
Term
Maximal motion in lumbar spine occurs in... |
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Definition
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|
Term
Multifidus causes rotation to the _____ side. |
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Definition
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Term
Supraspinatus, deltoid (middle portion) accomplish which action on the GH joint? |
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Definition
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Term
Pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, subscapularis, infraspinatus, teres minor accomplish which action at the GH joint? |
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Definition
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|
Term
Pectoralis major, deltoid (anterior portion), coraco-brachialis, biceps brachii accomplish which motion at the GH joint? |
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Definition
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|
Term
Deltoid (posterior portion), teres major, latissimus dorsi, triceps brachii accomplish which motion at the GH joint? |
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Definition
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|
Term
Subscapularis, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, deltoid accomplish which motion at the GH joint? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Infraspinatus, teres minor, deltoid accomplish which motion at the GH joint? |
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Definition
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|
Term
What are typical carrying angles for women and men? |
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Definition
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|
Term
Describe motion for the thoracic segment. |
|
Definition
Rotation> SB> Flexion> Extension |
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|
Term
Which muscle(s) are used for ME of 1st rib? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Which muscle(s) are used for ME of 2nd rib? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Which muscle(s) are used for ME of ribs 3-5? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Which muscle(s) are used for ME of ribs 6-9? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Which muscle(s) are used for ME of ribs 10-11? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Which muscle(s) are used for ME of 12th rib? |
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Definition
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|
Term
Sympathetic the esophagus? |
|
Definition
T2-8 or T3-6 depending on who you ask |
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|
Term
What are the sympathetics levels to the upper extremities? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Where is the ideal center of gravity in relation to L3 and S2? |
|
Definition
Middle of L3, 5 cm anterior to S2 |
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|
Term
What are the degree ranges for mild, moderate and severe scoliosis? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
5 degree ATR usually correlates to what Cobb angle? If your patient has this, what should he do? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
7 degree ATR angle correlates with what Cobb angle? If your patient has this, what should be do? |
|
Definition
>20, referral to specialist |
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Term
Gait cycle = 1 _____ = 2 _____ |
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Definition
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|
Term
What is the average width of stride? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
What is the average step length? Average stride length? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
What is the normal foot angle? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
What is the normal cadence? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
What phase makes up 60% of the gait cycle? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
The center of gravity oscillates no more than ___cm vertically during walking. |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Lateral displacement of pelvis and trunk is approximately ___cm to weight-bearing side |
|
Definition
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|
Term
The pelvis side that corresponds to the forward foot rotates ___ degree anteriorly |
|
Definition
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|
Term
What is the relationship of ilium rotation to the motion of the leg? |
|
Definition
Ilium rotates opposite to the motion of the leg |
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|
Term
Gait with weak dorsiflexors of the foot such as L5 Radiculopathy or peroneal neuropathy causes which sort of gait? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
What sort of gait does this describe: “Extensor Synergies” - Hip extension & Internal rotation - Knee extension - Plantar Flexion & foot inversion |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Your right foot is messed up. Which hand do you hold a cane with? |
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Definition
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|
Term
Describe positioning for supraspinatous CS. |
|
Definition
The patient's arm is flexed to approximately 45 degrees, abducted approximately 45 degrees. The physician externally rotates the arm. |
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Term
Describe CS treatment for infraspinatus. |
|
Definition
Flex the shoulder to approximately 150 degrees. The physician then internally rotates and abducts the shoulder. |
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|
Term
Where are the true thoracics? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
The iliofemoral ligament is __ shaped and tenses with _______, preventing hyper_______. |
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Definition
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|
Term
Ant or Post dislocation of the acetabulum is more common? Does this occur with flexion or extension? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Which artery may prevent avascular necrosis of the femoral head? |
|
Definition
acetabular branch of the obturator artery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Angle between functional longitudinal axis of femur and tibial longitudinal axis |
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|
Term
What is a normal Q angle? |
|
Definition
Normal – 10° to 12° (Abnormal > 20°) |
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|
Term
What are the names for increased or decreased Q angles? |
|
Definition
Increased angle → genu valgus, Decreased angle → genu varus |
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|
Term
What is the angle of inclination? What is the normal value? |
|
Definition
Angle between anatomic longitudinal axis and axis of femoral neck, 120-135 |
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|
Term
|
Definition
Coxa Valgus (↑ angle of inclination) >135 degrees |
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|
Term
|
Definition
Coxa Varus (↓ angle of inclination) <120 degrees |
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|
Term
What is the angle of anteversion? |
|
Definition
Angle between condyles of distal femur in transverse plane and axis of femoral neck |
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|
Term
What is a normal angle of anteversion? What are increased and decreased angles called? |
|
Definition
12-15, increased is toe-in gait, decreased is toe-out gait |
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|
Term
What is the strongest flexor of the thigh? What are its components and innervations? |
|
Definition
Iliopsoas. Composition Iliacus – femoral n. Psoas major – L2-L4 roots Psoas minor – L1 root |
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|
Term
The iliotibial band is associated with which visceral dysfunction? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What are the origins of the sciatic nerve? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the test for gross hip joint motion? |
|
Definition
FABERE Flexion ABduction External Rotation Extension |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Assessment for contracture of iliotibial band or tensor fascia latae |
|
|
Term
Lasegue’s Test - what is it? |
|
Definition
tests for sciatic nerve pain, dorsiflexion of foot after positive straight leg rising test |
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|
Term
When is a Trendelenburg test considered positive? |
|
Definition
Considered positive if pelvis tilts toward side of flexed knee |
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|
Term
What is the "terrible triad?" |
|
Definition
Compromise of ACL, MCL, and medial meniscus Commonly induced by valgus force on the knee |
|
|
Term
The distal tibiofibular joint is what kind of joint? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is Chondromalacia patellae? |
|
Definition
Wearing or roughening of posterior articular surface Typically due to chronic changes secondary to overuse |
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|
Term
What is Patellofemoral syndrome? What are some causes? |
|
Definition
Improper tracking of patella Multiple causes Increased Q angle Weakness of vastus medialis Overuse, especially in runners Associated with pain syndrome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Integrity assessment of ACL Knee flexed to 30° Dr pushes femur posterior while pulling tibia anterior Considered positive with excessive anterior glide More sensitive |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Assessment for medial & lateral meniscal tears |
|
|
Term
What are Apley's tests for the knees? |
|
Definition
Compression for torn mesiscus and traction for torn ligaments, both with rotation. |
|
|
Term
What are the medial ankle ligaments? |
|
Definition
Tibionavicular (anterior) Tibiocalcaneal (middle) Posterior tibiotalar (posterior) Anterior tibiotalar (deep) |
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|
Term
Which is the weight bearing arch of the foot? |
|
Definition
Lateral Longitudinal Arch |
|
|
Term
Which is the spring arch of the foot? |
|
Definition
the medial longitudinal arch |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Longitudinal & transverse arches fall Talocalcaneal joint axis more horizontal Tarsal somatic dysfunction Navicular prominence on medial side of foot |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Arches rise Axis more vertical Navicular less prominent |
|
|
Term
Describe a 2nd degree sprain |
|
Definition
Partial tearing (slight laxity) Usually no need for surgery |
|
|
Term
What percentage of ankle sprains are inversion sprains? Which ligaments are involved in Type I, II and III? |
|
Definition
Ligament Involvement Anterior talofibular ligament (I) Calcaneofibular ligament (I, II) Posterior talofibular ligament (I, II, III) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ecchimosis in the femoral triangle indicates possible hip fracture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Good test to spot malingering patients! Hold patients heels and instruct to lift one leg Should feel counter-force upon effort in other hand If not, they’re not trying |
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|
Term
Piriformis muscle is innervated by... |
|
Definition
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|
Term
What part of the diaphragm is innervated by spinal nerves from T7 to T12 (sensory)? |
|
Definition
Periphery (from Body Wall Mesoderm) |
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|